Overexpressed transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in lung adenocarcinoma harbours a new opportunity for therapeutic targeting

The specific biological function of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unclear. In this study, TRPV1 expression in tumor tissues, primary cells and cell lines of LUAD, as well as the mechanism mediating its hyperexpression were systematically studied. Multiple models and techniques were adopted to elucidate the relationship between TRPV1 hyperexpression and tumor recurrence and metastasis. Results showed that TRPV1 expression was increased in tumor tissues and primary tumor cells of LUAD patients. The increased expression was associated with worse overall survival outcome and raised HIF1α levels. TRPV1 expression in A549 and NCI-H292 cells was increased after pretreatment with cigarette smoke extract or spermine NONOate. Moreover, A549 cells with TRPV1 overexpression has enhanced tumor growth rates in subcutaneous grafted tumor models, and increased intrapulmonary metastasis after tail vein infusion in nude BALB/c nude mice. Mechanistically, TRPV1 overexpression in A549 cells promoted HIF1α expression and nuclear translocation by promoting CREB phosphorylation and activation of NOS1-NO pathway, ultimately leading to accelerated cell proliferation and stronger invasiveness. In addition, based on photothermal effects, CuS-TRPV1 mAb effectively targeted and induced apoptosis of TRPV1-A549 cells both in vivo and in vitro, thereby mitigating tumor growth and metastasis induced by xenotransplantation of TRPV1-A549 cells. In conclusion, TRPV1 hyperexpression in LUAD is a risk factor for tumor progression and is involved in proliferation and migration of tumor cells through activation of HIF1α. Our study also attempted a new strategy inhibiting the recurrence and metastasis of LUAD: by CuS-TRPV1 mAb precisely kill TRPV1 hyperexpression cells through photothermal effects

Spatial Difference of Transit-Based Accessibility to Hospitals by Regions Using Spatially Adjusted ANOVA

This paper proposes a spatial difference analysis method for evaluating transit-based accessibility to hospitals using spatially adjusted ANOVA. This method specializes in examining spatial variations of accessibility to hospitals by regions (i.e. administrative districts or subdistricts). The spatial lag model is applied to adjust traditional ANOVA, which reduces spatial dependency and avoids false rejection to null hypothesis. Multiple comparison methods are used for further detection of differences in accessibility between regions. After multiple comparison, accessibility within regions is classified into three levels. The study is conducted on two scales—administrative districts and subdistricts—to discuss spatial variations in macro and micro dimensions respectively in the central part of Wuhan, China. Accessibility is calculated by using a simple model and a gravity model. The final classification results showed that the spatially adjusted method is more reliable than the traditional non spatially adjusted one and the gravity model can better detect more hidden information about the inequal distribution of medical resources. It is also found that the subdistricts, which have significantly lower accessibility to hospitals than others, are mainly distributed in Hongshan and Qingshan district. Our study hopes to shed new lights in spatial difference analysis for accessibility and provide policy recommendations that would promote equality in provisions of public health services

Comprehensive evaluation and ordering of fish sauce quality using modified osculating method

Abstract not available

The relevance of ototoxicity induced by radiotherapy

Abstract Background The risk of ototoxicity, characterized by hearing impairment, tinnitus, or middle ear inflammation, is elevated in both child and adult cancer survivors who have undergone head-neck or brain radiation, or a combination of the two. To provide optimal care for these cancer survivors and minimize subsequent complications, it is crucial to comprehend the relationship between radiotherapy and ototoxicity. Methods A comprehensive search of databases, including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, was conducted from the inception of the knowledge base up until January 2023. The metafor-package was employed to compare ototoxicity rates in individuals receiving radiotherapy. Two independent assessors extracted data and analyzed targets using a random-effects model. Results Out of the 28 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) included in the analysis, 25 were prospective RCTs. Subgroup analysis revealed that mean cochlear radiation dose, primary tumor location, radiotherapy modality, and patient age significantly influenced total hearing impairment. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy was associated with less ototoxicity than 2D conventional radiotherapy (OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.47–0.60; P = 0.73; I2 = 0%). Stereotactic radiotherapy appeared to be a superior option for hearing preservation compared to radiosurgery (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.00–2.07; P = 0.69; I2 = 0%). Children demonstrated a higher risk of hearing impairment than adults. More than 50% of patients with vestibular neuroadenoma experienced hearing impairment following radiation therapy. A strong association was observed between the average cochlear radiation dose and hearing impairment. Increased cochlear radiation doses may result in a heightened risk of hearing impairment. Conclusion Several risk factors for radiation-induced hearing impairment were identified in this study. High cochlear radiation doses were found to exacerbate the risk of hearing impairment resulting from radiation therapy

Effects of Different LED Light Qualities on Plant Growth and Flower Traits of Chrysanthemum Ping Pong

【Objective】Due to the instability of flower color and some other growth traits of chrysanthemums growing in high temperature environment in South China, effective LED light combinations were investigated to regulate the growth and flower color of chrysanthemums in order to provide theoretical references of LED light cultivation technology for the production of chrysanthemums.【Method】Different LED light combination treatments of RBFR (the photosynthetic photon flux density PPFD ratio of red ∶ blue ∶ far-red light ≈ 10 ∶ 7 ∶ 2.5), RBUV (red ∶ blue ∶ ultraviolet light ≈ 10 ∶ 6 ∶ 0.5) and WB (white ∶ blue ≈ 10 ∶ 4.8) were performed on 35-day-old potted seedlings of commercially popular chrysanthemum cultivars of 'Pink Ping Pong'and Purple Ping Pong, the LED white light treatment was used as the CK group, the total light intensity of each group was set to be about 240 μmol·m-2s-1, and all treatments lasted for 80 days. The changes of growth trait indicators of the chrysanthemums growing from seedling to mature flowering were observed and photographed.【Result】(1) Compared with CK group, the plant heights of 80-day-treatment Pink Ping Pong and 70-day-treatment Purple Ping Pong under RBFR treatment increased by 18.3% and 27.3% respectively, the stem thicknesses increased by 14.1% and 38.1% respectively, the petiole lengths increased by 0.4% and 34.8% respectively; and the mean values of leaf length, leaf width, leaf fresh weight and leaf dry weight of the 70-day-treatment Purple Ping Pong under RBFR treatment were 18.6%, 5.8%, 25.6% and 45.5% higher than those of CK group, respectively; values of the above growth trait indicators were the highest among all treatment groups. (2) In terms of flowering trait indicators of the 70-day-treatment Ping Pong, mean values of peduncle length, peduncle diameter, petal length and petal width of the top capitulum and diameter of side capitulum of 'Pink Ping Pong'under WB treatment were the highest among all treatment groups, which were 4.5%, 2.3%, 10.9%, 17.3%, and 19.1% higher than those of CK group respectively, and the petals were of the most pink color. At the same time, Purple Ping Pong of WB group had the largest flower diameter and the petals were of the most purple color. In addition, RBFR treatment was the second most effective in improving flower traits, and peduncle length of the side capitulum of Pink Ping Pong was the longest among all treatment groups, which was 28.3% longer than that of CK group; mean values of number of buds, number of expended capitulums, peduncle length of side capitulum, petal length and petal width of the largest capitulum were also the highest among all treatment groups, which were 32.3%, 15.0%, 38.4%, 5.8% and 12.8% higher than those of CK group respectively; in addition, RBFR treatment also resulted in the early opening of capitulums of Chrysanthemum 'Ping Pong'. (3) The growth traits of Chrysanthemum Ping Pong under RBUV treatment were not significantly different from those of CK group, but the number of leaves and the SPAD value of leaves increased, and the ratio of leaf dry weight were significantly increased, however, the decrease of Fv/Fm value decreased was larger than that of other groups and the flower quality decreased obviously.【Conclusion】It can be seen that RBFR treatment can significantly promote the vegetative growth and peduncle length of the side capitulum of Chrysanthemum Ping Pong, and result in the early opening of the capitulums. Meanwhile, WB treatment significantly improves the flower quality. Therefore, the two LED light combinations can provide a reference for people to use artificial lights to improve the planting quality of chrysanthemums in the future

A 2D Porous Zinc-Organic Framework Platform for Loading of 5-Fluorouracil

A hydrostable 2D Zn-based MOF, {[Zn(5-PIA)(imbm)]·2H2O}n (1) (5-H2PIA = 5-propoxy-isophthalic acid, imbm = 1,4-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene), was synthesized and structurally characterized. Complex 1 shows good water and thermal stability based on the TGA and PXRD analyses and displays a 2D framework with 1D channels of 4.8 × 13.8 and 10.0 × 8.3 Å2 along the a axis. The 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) payload in activated complex 1 (complex 1a) is 19.3 wt%, and the cumulative release value of 5-FU at 120 h was about 70.04% in PBS (pH 7.4) at 310 K. In vitro MTT assays did not reveal any cytotoxic effect of NIH-3T3 and HEK-293 cells when the concentration of 1 was below 500 μg/mL and 5 μg/mL, respectively. No morphological abnormalities were observed on zebrafish exposed to complex 1

Establishment of a New Equation for Ultrasonographic Estimated Foetal Weight in Chongqing: A Prospective Study

Background: Variations in foetal growth between populations should not be ignored, and a single universal standard is not appropriate for everyone. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new ultrasound estimation equation that adapts better to regional population characteristics. The purpose of this study was to create a new equation for ultrasound estimation of foetal weight according to the local population in Chongqing and compare it with representative equations. Methods: This prospective study included data on pregnant women who gave birth to a child at full term in our hospital from December 2016 to November 2019. Foetal ultrasound parameters included biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), and femur diaphysis length (FDL). The foetal weight compensation model was established by using the second-order linear regression model, and then, the foetal weight equation was established by utilizing the multiple reverse elimination regression technique. Last, the absolute error and relative error were used to compare the accuracy of the equations established in this study with representative equations. Results: Through the foetal weight compensation equation, the new equation suitable for Chongqing foetuses was successfully established with the variables of BPD, HC, AC, and FDL. The following foetal weight prediction equation was established in this study: Log10(EFW) = 3.002741 + 0.00005944 × (BPD2) + 0.00000222 × (HC2) – 0.000002078 × (AC2) + 0.00004262 × (FDL2) – 0.008753 × BPD – 0.000884 × HC + 0.003206 × AC – 0.002894 × FDL (BPD: mm; HC: mm; AC: mm; FDL: mm). In the sets established by the 1925 data, the mean absolute error and standard deviation of the estimation error of the new equation were 178.9 g and 140.3 g respectively. In the validation sets established with 300 data points, the mean absolute error and standard deviation of the new equation were 173.08 g and 128.59 g respectively. Compared with representative equations, the mean absolute error and the standard deviation of the new equation were the lowest. The equation established in this study better predicted foetal weight (p < 0.001). Conclusions: According to the local population characteristics of Chongqing, this study created a foetal weight estimation equation that is more accurate and suitable. This equation is clinically valuable for the monitoring and management of foetal weight