3,996 research outputs found
Dynamical Instability of Holographic QCD at Finite Density
In this paper we study the dynamical instability of Sakai-Sugimoto's
holographic QCD model at finite baryon density. In this model, the baryon
density, represented by the smeared instanton on the worldvolume of the probe
D8-\overline{D8} mesonic brane, sources the worldvolume electric field, and
through the Chern-Simons term it will induces the instability to form a chiral
helical wave. This is similar to Deryagin-Grigoriev-Rubakov instability to form
the chiral density wave for large N_c QCD at finite density. Our results show
that this kind of instability occurs for sufficiently high baryon number
densities. The phase diagram of holographic QCD will thus be changed from the
one which is based only on thermodynamics. This holographic approach provides
an effective way to study the phases of QCD at finite density, where the
conventional perturbative QCD and lattice simulation fail.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures;v2. add thermodynamics discussion; v4. Treatment
of the instanton energy changed and QGP analysis added. Some figures replaced
and added, including the phase diagra
StoryChat: Designing a Narrative-Based Viewer Participation Tool for Live Streaming Chatrooms
Live streaming platforms and existing viewer participation tools enable users
to interact and engage with an online community, but the anonymity and scale of
chat usually result in the spread of negative comments. However, only a few
existing moderation tools investigate the influence of proactive moderation on
viewers' engagement and prosocial behavior. To address this, we developed
StoryChat, a narrative-based viewer participation tool that utilizes a dynamic
graphical plot to reflect chatroom negativity. We crafted the narrative through
a viewer-centered (N=65) iterative design process and evaluated the tool with
48 experienced viewers in a deployment study. We discovered that StoryChat
encouraged viewers to contribute prosocial comments, increased viewer
engagement, and fostered viewers' sense of community. Viewers reported a closer
connection between streamers and other viewers because of the narrative design,
suggesting that narrative-based viewer engagement tools have the potential to
encourage community engagement and prosocial behaviors
MARS: Message Passing for Antenna and RF Chain Selection for Hybrid Beamforming in MIMO Communication Systems
In this paper, we consider a prospective receiving hybrid beamforming
structure consisting of several radio frequency (RF) chains and abundant
antenna elements in multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. Due to
conventional costly full connections, we design an enhanced partially-connected
beamformer employing low-density parity-check (LDPC) based structure. As a
benefit of LDPC-based structure, information can be exchanged among clustered
RF/antenna groups, which results in a low computational complexity order.
Advanced message passing (MP) capable of inferring and transferring data among
different paths is designed to support LDPC-based hybrid beamformer. We propose
a message passing enhanced antenna and RF chain selection (MARS) scheme to
minimize the operational power of antennas and RF chains of the receiver.
Furthermore, sequential and parallel MP for MARS are respectively designed as
MARS-S and MARS-P schemes to address convergence speed issue. Simulations have
validated the convergence of both the MARS-P and the MARS-S algorithms. Owing
to asynchronous information transfer of MARS-P, it reveals that higher power is
required than that of MARS-S, which strikes a compelling balance between power
consumption, convergence, and computational complexity. It is also demonstrated
that the proposed MARS scheme outperforms the existing benchmarks using
heuristic method of fully-/partially-connected architectures in open literature
in terms of the lowest power and highest energy efficiency
3510-V 390-m Omega . cm(2) 4H-SiC Lateral JFET on a Semi-Insulating Substrate
The performance of high-voltage 4H-SiC lateral JFETs on a semi-insulating substrate is reported in this letter. The design of the voltage-supporting layers is based on the charge compensation of p- and n-type epilayers. The best measured breakdown voltage is 3510 V, which, to the authors\u27 knowledge, is the highest value ever reported for SiC lateral switching devices. The R-on of this device is 390 m Omega . cm(2), in which 61% is due to the drift-region resistance. The BV2/R-on is 32 MW/cm(2), which is typical among other reported SiC lateral devices
DNIC-mediated analgesia produced by a supramaximal electrical or a high-dose formalin conditioning stimulus: roles of opioid and α2-adrenergic receptors
Mechanical punctate pain threshold is associated with headache frequency and phase in patients with migraine
Objective: Previous studies regarding the quantitative sensory testing are inconsistent in migraine. We hypothesized that the quantitative sensory testing results were influenced by headache frequency or migraine phase.
Methods: This study recruited chronic and episodic migraine patients as well as healthy controls. Participants underwent quantitative sensory testing, including heat, cold, and mechanical punctate pain thresholds at the supraorbital area (V1 dermatome) and the forearm (T1 dermatome). Prospective headache diaries were used for headache frequency and migraine phase when quantitative sensory testing was performed.
Results: Twenty-eight chronic migraine, 64 episodic migraine and 32 healthy controls completed the study. Significant higher mechanical punctate pain thresholds were found in episodic migraine but not chronic migraine when compared with healthy controls. The mechanical punctate pain thresholds decreased as headache frequency increased then nadired. In episodic migraine, mechanical punctate pain thresholds were highest (p<0.05) in those in the interictal phase and declined when approaching the ictal phase in both V1 and T1 dermatomes. Linear regression analyses showed that in those with episodic migraine, headache frequency and phase were independently associated with mechanical punctate pain thresholds and accounted for 29.7% and 38.9% of the variance in V1 (pÂĽ0.003) and T1 (p<0.001) respectively. Of note, unlike mechanical punctate pain thresholds, our study did not demonstrate similar findings for heat pain thresholds and cold pain thresholds in migraine.
Conclusion: Our study provides new insights into the dynamic changes of quantitative sensory testing, especially mechanical punctate pain thresholds in patients with migraine. Mechanical punctate pain thresholds vary depending on headache frequency and migraine phase, providing an explanation for the inconsistency across studies
Are associations of leisure-time physical activity with mortality attenuated by high levels of chronic ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in older adults? A prospective cohort study
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although leisure-time physical activity (PA) has established health benefits in older adults, it is equivocal if exercising in environments with high levels of PM2.5 concentrations is equally beneficial for them. To explore the independent and joint associations of ambient PM2.5 and PA with all-cause mortality among adults aged 60 or older and to assess the modifying effect of age (60-74 years vs. 75+ years) on the joint associations. METHODS: A prospective cohort study based on the MJ Cohort repeat examinations (2005-2016) and the Taiwan Air Quality Monitoring Network and death registry linkages (2005-2022). We included MJ Cohort participants aged 60 or more at baseline who attended the health check-ups at least twice (n = 21,760). Metabolic equivalent hours per week (MET-h/week) of leisure-time PA were computed. Multivariable adjusted associations were examined using time-varying Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: There were 3539 all-cause deaths over a mean follow-up of 12.81 (SD = 3.67) years. Ambient PM2.5 and physical inactivity are both independently associated with all-cause mortality. The joint associations of PA and PM2.5 concentrations with all-cause mortality differed in the young-old (60-74 years) and the older-old (75+ years) (P for interaction = 0.01); Higher levels of long-term PM2.5 exposures (≥25 μg/m3) had little influence on the associations between PA and mortality in the young-old (HR = 0.68 (0.56-0.83) and HR = 0.72 (0.59-0.88) for participants with 7.5-<15 and 15+ MET-h/week respectively) but eliminated associations between exposure and outcome in the older-old (HR = 0.91 (0.69-01.21) and HR = 1.02 (0.76-1.38) for participants with 7.5-<15 and 15+ MET-h/week). CONCLUSION: Long-term exposures to higher PM2.5 concentrations may eliminate the beneficial associations of PA with all-cause mortality among adults aged 75 and over
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