OPE of the stress tensors and surface operators

We demonstrate that the divergent terms in the OPE of a stress tensor and a surface operator of general shape cannot be constructed only from local geometric data depending only on the shape of the surface. We verify this holographically at d=3 for Wilson line operators or equivalently the twist operator corresponding to computing the entanglement entropy using the Ryu-Takayanagi formula. We discuss possible implications of this result.Comment: 20 pages, no figur

Irreducible MultiQutrit Correlations in Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger Type States

Following the idea of the continuity approach in [D. L. Zhou, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 180505 (2008)], we obtain the degrees of irreducible multi-party correlations in two families of $n$-qutrit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger type states. For the pure states in one of the families, the irreducible 2-party, $n$-party and $(n-m)$-party ($0< m < n-2$) correlations are nonzero, which is different from the $n$-qubit case. We also derive the correlation distributions in the $n$-qutrit maximal slice state, which can be uniquely determined by its $(n-1)$-qutrit reduced density matrices among pure states. It is proved that there is no irreducible $n$-qutrit correlation in the maximal slice state. This enlightens us to give a discussion about how to characterize the pure states with irreducible $n$-party correlation in arbitrarily high-dimensional systems by the way of the continuity approach.Comment: 5p, no fi

A Proposed Framework for Influencing Factors of Partnership in E-Taiwan Collaborative Commerce

This paper attempts to integrate concepts of a collaborative commerce and inter-organizational relationship to build a framework for influencing factors of e-Taiwan collaborative commerce partnership and empirically explore it. The importance for five dimensions of the Research Model based on seven top representatives of interviewed six Taiwanese companies engaged in E-Taiwan is summarized. Statistical analysis is used to decide which factors are vital for the success in three phases of partnership in e-Taiwan. Data are collected through a survey of organizations that are actively involved in the planning or operation of E-Taiwan collaborative commerce. The result has been shown the influencing factors are not the same in three phases of partnership in this collaborative commerce. It implies that to manage a collaborative commerce must have different strategies to select, develop, and maintain participants

Mixed Transportation Network Design under a Sustainable Development Perspective

A mixed transportation network design problem considering sustainable development was studied in this paper. Based on the discretization of continuous link-grade decision variables, a bilevel programming model was proposed to describe the problem, in which sustainability factors, including vehicle exhaust emissions, land-use scale, link load, and financial budget, are considered. The objective of the model is to minimize the total amount of resources exploited under the premise of meeting all the construction goals. A heuristic algorithm, which combined the simulated annealing and path-based gradient projection algorithm, was developed to solve the model. The numerical example shows that the transportation network optimized with the method above not only significantly alleviates the congestion on the link, but also reduces vehicle exhaust emissions within the network by up to 41.56%