The Free Institute of Education: Its innovative pedagogical principles and presence Iin the current physical education curriculum. First spanihs educational center who used the sport as educational element

La Institución Libre de Enseñanza (ILE) fue la primera corriente educativa española que pretendió recoger las ideas que fluían en Europa, principalmente Alemania, a lo largo de mediados y finales del s. XIX. Figuras como Giner de los Ríos o Bartolomé Cossío fueron sus principales valedores. Con principios pedagógicos desconocidos hasta entonces en nuestro país, como la coeducación, la formación más allá del aula o la colaboración permanente entre familias y escuela, representó un intento renovador que desapareció con la Guerra Civil. La Educación Física, el deporte y las actividades al aire libre fueron pilares fundamentales en su manera de entender la educación. Afortunadamente, sus ideales han llegado hasta el siglo XXI y en el sistema educativo actual se plasman muchos de aquellos objetivosThe Free Institution of Education was the first Spanish educational tendency that attempted to gather the ideas that emerged in Europe, mainly in Germany, throughout mid and late nineteenth century. Its main supporters were figures such as Giner de los Ríos and Bartolomé Cossío. It represented an attempted of renewal with pedagogical principles previously unknown in our country, such as coeducation, education beyond the classroom or permanent collaboration between families and school, but it disappeared with the Civil War. Physical Education, Sport and outdoor activities were essential pillarsin the way to make sense of education. Fortunately, its ideals have come up to the twenty-first century and many of those objectives are reflected in the current educational syste

Spectral deviation of concentration operators for the short-time Fourier transform

Time-frequency concentration operators restrict the integral analysis-synthesis formula for the short-time Fourier transform to a given compact domain. We estimate how much the corresponding eigenvalue counting function deviates from the Lebesgue measure of the time-frequency domain. For window functions in the Gelfand-Shilov class, the bounds almost match known asymptotics, with the advantage of being effective for concrete domains and spectral thresholds. As such our estimates allow for applications where the spectral threshold depends on the geometry of the time-frequency concentration domain. We also consider window functions that decay only polynomially in time and frequency.Comment: Added journal reference. Typos correcte

Petroleum in the Spanish Iberian Peninsula

The main events of the history of petroleum in Spain are the following: 1) The mining concession of petroleum named El Progreso is the first one in Spain and occurred only seven years after Edwin Drake (1819-1880) drilled the first oil well in Pennsylvania. 2) The first survey of oil production in Spain, well known as the Tejon borehole, was conducted by the Sondeos de Huidobro Company in 1900, in Huidobro (Burgos), and reached 501 m of depth. 3) In 1964 CAMPSA and AMOSPAIN found petroleum in the Ayoluengo field (Burgos), with a borehole of 1,349 m of depth. This was the first and only petroleum field in the continental Spain in this zone. The Ayoluengo petroleum field has been active during 35 years. In this paper we will review the history of petroleum in peninsular Spain

Information about petroleum in America prior to the nineteenth Century

The petroleum substances have been used a lot of centuries ago: bitumen has been used in Neolithic Period to fix head's hammer of stone and to set beads. The authors of this paper want to show the knowledge of bitumen and asphalt in South America until the 19t h century through documents of Spaniards conquerors. Besides, we have done a comparative study between different words to design these petroleum product

Recent evolution of poverty in the European countries

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the evolution of poverty in the 15 countries of E.U., whose household income data is available through the information contained in the European Community Household Panel (ECHP). Several indicators have been proposed in economic literature for measuring poverty, but they may produce different orderings when cases are compared. In this work, a set of poverty one-dimensional indicators are chosen, which best verify some desirable properties. A modification of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is proposed to calculate synthetic cross-sectional measures of poverty using this set of indicators. In order to obtain comparable values throughout time, in addition to cross-sectional sense, joint consideration of single poverty indicators is proposed, independently of their temporary period of reference. Therefore, applying common space analysis to these cross-sectional synthetic measures, a common frame of comparison and a homogeneous weighting structure are obtained, which are stable throughout time. This powerful tool allows static as well as dynamic comparisons, among the EU countries. Furthermore, the determination of groups of countries according to their characteristics in poverty will be accomplished.

La teoría APOE y su aplicación en la traducción de enunciados del lenguaje natural al lenguaje de la lógica de primer orden

Este trabajo es de carácter empírico-teórico y en él se describirán algunas de las dificultades observadas en estudiantes de Informática y Sistemas Computacionales, cuando intentan usar el lenguaje de la Lógica de primer orden (LPO) para representar enunciados del lenguaje natural (común), en un primer curso de Lógica. Las dificultades que se observaron, en la población de estudiantes a los que se les aplicó un cuestionario piloto, se relacionan con: enunciados cuantificados, sobre todo aquellos que contienen doble cuantificador; enunciados cuantificados con una implicación material y enunciados donde hay alguna negación. Se utiliza la teoría APOE para explicar el proceso de traducción indicado. Se proponen tres etapas para la traducción de enunciados del lenguaje natural al lenguaje de la LPO y se describen las estructuras mentales que se deberían desarrollar para tener un mayor éxito en dicha traducción (o formalización). En este trabajo se describe una descomposición genética para una de las etapas propuestas

Uso eficiente y ahorro de energía eléctrica en el colegio Inem Felipe Pérez: una visión estratégica desde la educación ambiental

El uso inadecuado de los recursos naturales, ha repercutido especialmente en los recursos hídricos; cada vez es más evidente el agotamiento de las fuentes hídricas, como consecuencia de los múltiples factores climáticos, de contaminación y de consumo acelerado de energía eléctrica por el uso excesivo de aparatos electrónicos, equipos y electrodomésticos. Planteada dicha problemática ambiental y social, se han delegado funciones y soluciones impartidas desde la educación. Especialmente la educación dirigida a niños y jóvenes, a través de los proyectos ambientales escolares PRAES. Para el presente proyecto se realizo un diagnostico de consumo de energía en la institución educativa INEM FELIPE PÉREZ, buscando áreas de oportunidad en materia de ahorro de energía con el propósito de generar una propuesta en la que se ahorre electricidad, lo cual se traduce a una disminución de los impactos ambientales generados por dicho consumo, además de la sensibilización a la comunidad educativa involucrando dicho proyecto en el PRAES.Improper use of natural resources, has especially affected the water resources is increasingly evident depletion of water sources as a result of multiple climatic factors, pollution and energy consumption accelerated by overuse of electronics, computers and appliances. Raised environmental and social problems that have been delegated functions and taught from education solutions. Especially education to children and youth through school PRAES environmental projects. For this project a diagnosis of energy consumption in the school INEM FELIPE PÉREZ, looking for areas of opportunity in terms of energy saving for the purpose of generating a proposal that will save electricity, which translates to a was performed reduction of environmental impacts caused by energy consumption, in addition to raising the educational community project involving PRAES said

Energy Management Strategies in hydrogen Smart-Grids: A laboratory experience

As microgrids gain reputation, nations are making decisions towards a new energetic paradigm where the centralized model is being abandoned in favor of a more sophisticated, reliable, environmentally friendly and decentralized one. The implementation of such sophisticated systems drive to find out new control techniques that make the system “smart”, bringing the Smart-Grid concept. This paper studies the role of Energy Management Strategies (EMSs) in hydrogen microgrids, covering both theoretical and experimental sides. It first describes the commissioning of a new labscale microgrid system to analyze a set of different EMS performance in real-life. This is followed by a summary of the approach used towards obtaining dynamic models to study and refine the different controllers implemented within this work. Then the implementation and validation of the developed EMSs using the new labscale microgrid are discussed. Experimental results are shown comparing the response of simple strategies (hysteresis band) against complex on-line optimization techniques, such as the Model Predictive Control. The difference between both approaches is extensively discussed. Results evidence how different control techniques can greatly influence the plant performance and finally we provide a set of guidelines for designing and operating Smart Grids.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad DPI2013-46912-C2-1-

Impact of Organizational Culture Values on Organizational Agility

To remain competitive within the current, uncertain business scenario, it is vital for firms to develop capabilities that lead them to adapt and offer quick responses to market changes. Under the dynamic capabilities view of the firm, this paper proposes a model that presents an exhaustive analysis of two relevant research gaps: (i) the underlying relationships that determine the impact exerted by each of the four organizational culture typologies, comprised in Cameron and Quinn’s Competing Values Framework on organizational agility and, (ii) the contingency effect exerted by a key environmental factor, the industry’s technology intensity. An empirical study is performed to test the relationships proposed, using data collected from 172 Spain-based companies. To examine the contingency effect of technology intensity, the sample is divided into two subsamples, high and medium tech companies. This work uses partial least squares path-modeling, a variance-based structural equations modeling technique, in order to test and validate the research model and hypotheses posited. In addition, thorough analyses are carried out to assess the predictive performance of our modelJunta de Andalucía P10-SEJ-608