2 research outputs found
Features of creating wear-resistant anti-corrosion coatings with a barrier layer on fragments of fuel claddings from E110 o.ch.
Results of the development of protective chromium-containing coatings based on the FeCrNi and CrNi systems for fuel claddings within framework of the accident tolerant fuel (ATF) are presented in this paper. Coatings were deposited by the outer surface of cladding tubes fragments from E110 o.ch. alloy (sponge-based Zr-1%Nb) up to 500 mm length by complex ion-plasma treatment on ILUR-03 and KVK-10 installations. The results of the control tests carried out in high-temperature steam at the GAZPAR bench at 1200 Β°C up to 400 s showed that Cr-FeCrNi-Cr and Cr-CrNi-Cr coatings reduce total oxygen penetration into the alloy from 144 to 98 and 55 ?m, respectively and Cr-CrNi-Cr coatings with a Mo barrier layer completely block the diffusion of oxygen into the material
Π’Π΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎ-ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΄Ρ
ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΄ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·Ρ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΡ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎ-ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΄Ρ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ: Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ° 11,88 Π³/Ρ. Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ° Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ - 2,43 Π³/Ρ. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΡΠ΄Π΅, ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 6 % (ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ). ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ: ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΡ - 60,1 %; ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΡ-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡ-ΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΡ - 3,8 %; ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡ - 7,1 %. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΡΡΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π³ΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ: GRG ΡΠ΅ΡΡ, ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Π’ΠΠΠ‘ (Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡ) (ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ), ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ»Π°, ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ GRG-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 72,75 % ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ° 1,34 % ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ 664,78 Π³/Ρ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ° Π² Ρ
Π²ΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 3,29 Π³/Ρ. Π‘ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΉΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΄ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π³ΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΉΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡ Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΄Ρ 60-70 % ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡ - ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΏΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ 90 % ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ° -0,071 ΠΌΠΌ. Π¦Π΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Ρ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ° 2426 Π³/Ρ Ρ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ 0,31 % ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ 63,74 %. ΠΠ±ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎ 90 % Ρ
Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ° -0,071 ΠΌΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ KC-CVD (ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅) ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΡ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠΉ Π³ΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Ρ (KC-MD+KC-CVD) 87,25 % ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΡΠ³Π°ΡΠ° 22,63 %. Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ° Π² Ρ
Π²ΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 1,97 Π³/Ρ.The relevance of the research is caused by the necessity to acquire new knowledge about the enrichment of gold-bearing ores and the need to develop the resource base of the Russian Federation, namely involve subsoil use objects in economic circulation. The purpose of the study is to study the processing of low-sulfide gold-quartz ore using an integrated technology for the enrichment of mineral raw materials. Object: gold ore raw materials with an average gold grade of 11,88 g/t. The silver content is negligible - 2,43 g/t. The main ore minerals in the sample are pyrite and pyrrhotite. The average content of these minerals in the ore, according to mineralogical and X-ray diffraction analysis, was about 6 % (in total). The main rock-forming minerals of the original ore are: quartz - 60,1 %; quartz-chlorite-mica aggregates - 3,8 %; carbonates - 7,1 %. Methods. The research methodology was based on the theoretical foundations of mineral processing. The study of the material composition of the ore, and enrichment products, was carried out using chemical, assay, thermal, spectrometric methods, as well as atomic emission spectrometry and other methods. The study of washability was carried out by the methods of gravity and flotation enrichment, namely: GRG test, stage test of the Institute TOMS (Russia) (determination of the optimal size of ore grinding and the number of enrichment stages), modeling of gold extraction in the grinding cycle, determination of the optimal degree of grinding, study of the choice of flotation reagents, study of the kinetics of the process and the implementation of a complex of technological studies. Results. It was found that the gold recovery when performing the GRG test was 72,75 % with a total concentrate yield of 1,34 % and a content of Au 664,78 g/t. At the same time, the gold content in the tailings was 3,29 g/t. A stage test showed that for ore processing only by gravity technology, it is advisable to use a two-stage scheme. The first stage is in the grinding cycle with the ore size of 60-70 % and the second stage - with the final size of the discharge of the classification 90 % size of -0,071 mm. Centrifugal separation, as a free gold recovery operation in a grinding cycle, works efficiently. A concentrate with a gold content of 2426 g/t was obtained with an output of 0,31 % and an extraction of 63,74 %. The enrichment of the first stage tailings crushed to 90 % size of -0,071 mm at the KC-CVD concentrator (modeling) made it possible to extract gold into a total gravity concentrate (KC-MD+KC-CVD) of 87,25 % with a concentrate yield of 22,63 %. The gold content in the tailings was 1,97 g/t. The results of gravity and flotation concentration of the original ore indicate the feasibility of using a combined gravity-flotation technological scheme. In a closed experiment of the initial ore beneficiation according to the gravity-flotation scheme at a natural pH of the pulp (without adding acid), the following products were obtained: gravity concentrate with a gold content of 2426 g/t at a yield of 0,31 % and an extraction of 64,06 %; flotation concentrate (after the II cleaning) with a gold content of 122 g/t with a yield of 2,90 % and recovery of 33,01 %; the total gold recovery in the gravity-flotation concentrate was 94,07 % with a yield of 3,21 % and Au content of 345,87 g/t, the gold content in the flotation tailings was 0,72 g/t