Aspiração endotraqueal em pacientes adultos com via aérea artificial: revisão sistemática

OBJETIVO: identificar e analisar evidências oriundas de ensaios clínicos controlados e randomizados sobre os cuidados relacionados à aspiração de secreções endotraqueais em pacientes adultos, em estado crítico, intubados e sob ventilação mecânica. MÉTODO: a busca foi realizada nas bases de dados Pubmed, Embase, Central, Cinahl e Lilacs. Das 631 referências encontradas, 17 estudos foram selecionados. RESULTADOS: identificaram-se evidências quanto a seis categorias de intervenções relacionadas à aspiração endotraqueal, as quais foram analisadas segundo desfechos referentes a alterações hemodinâmicas e dos gases sanguíneos, colonização microbiana, infecção nosocomial, dentre outros. RESULTADOS: as evidências obtidas são relevantes para a prática da aspiração endotraqueal, entretanto, os riscos de viés dos estudos selecionados comprometem a sua confiabilidade.OBJETIVO: identificar y analizar evidencias oriundas de ensayos clínicos controlados y hechos aleatorios sobre las atenciones relacionados a la aspiración de secreciones endotraqueales en pacientes adultos, en estado crítico, intubados y bajo ventilación mecánica. MÉTODO: la busca fue realizada en las bases de datos PUBMED, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL y LILACS. De las 631 referencias encontradas, 17 estudios fueron seleccionados. RESULTADOS: se identificaron evidencias en cuanto a seis categorías de intervenciones relacionadas a la aspiración endotraqueal, las cuales fueron analizadas según los resultados referentes a alteraciones hemodinámicas y de los gases sanguíneos, colonización microbiana, infección nosocomial, entre otros. RESULTADOS: las evidencias logradas son relevantes para la práctica de la aspiración endotraqueal, mientras, los riesgos de bies de los estudios seleccionados comprometen su confiabilidad.AIM: identify and analyze in the literature the evidence of randomized controlled trials on care related to the suctioning of endotracheal secretions in intubated, critically ill adult patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. METHOD: the search was conducted in the PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL and LILACS databases. From the 631 citations found, 17 studies were selected. RESULTS: Evidence was identified for six categories of intervention related to endotracheal suctioning, which were analyzed according to outcomes related to hemodynamic and blood gas alterations, microbial colonization, nosocomial infection, and others. CONCLUSIONS: although the evidence obtained is relevant to the practice of endotracheal aspiration, the risks of bias found in the studies selected compromise the evidence's reliability

Aspiración endotraqueal en pacientes adultos con veía aérea artificial: revisión sistemática

AIM: identify and analyze in the literature the evidence of randomized controlled trials on care related to the suctioning of endotracheal secretions in intubated, critically ill adult patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. METHOD: the search was conducted in the PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL and LILACS databases. From the 631 citations found, 17 studies were selected. RESULTS: Evidence was identified for six categories of intervention related to endotracheal suctioning, which were analyzed according to outcomes related to hemodynamic and blood gas alterations, microbial colonization, nosocomial infection, and others. CONCLUSIONS: although the evidence obtained is relevant to the practice of endotracheal aspiration, the risks of bias found in the studies selected compromise the evidence's reliability

Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation “3.0”: From acute to chronic phase. Position Paper of the ltalian Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (GICR-IACPR)

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is the subspecialty of clinical cardiology dedicated to the treatment of cardiac patients, early and in the long term after an acute event. The aim of CR is to improve both quality of life and prognosis through prognostic stratification, clinical stabilization and optimization of therapy (pharmacological and non), management of comorbidities, treatment of disability, as well as through the provision and reinforcement of secondary prevention interventions and maintenaince of adherence to treatment. The mission of CR has changed over time. Once centered on the acute phase, aimed primarily at short-term survival, the healthcare of cardiac patients now increasingly involves the chronic phase where the challenge is to guarantee continuity and quality of care in the medium and long-term. The aim of the present position paper is to provide the state-of-the-art of CR in Italy, discussing its trengths and weaknesses as well as future perspectives

Stereotactic body radiation therapy for a new lung cancer arising after pneumonectomy: dosimetric evaluation and pulmonary toxicity

To evaluate the tolerance of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for the treatment of secondary lung tumours in patients who underwent previous pneumonectomy

Prognostic value of pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: Long-term analysis of 566 ypcr patients

Purpose: In the literature, a favorable prognosis was observed for complete pathologic response after preoperative therapy (ypCR) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. The aim of this study is to verify whether ypCR predicts a favorable outcome in a large series of patients. Methods and Materials: The Gastro-Intestinal Working Group of the Italian Association of Radiation Oncology collected clinical data for 566 patients with ypCR (ypT0N0) after neoadjuvant therapy. Eligibility criteria included locally advanced rectal cancer,with no evidence of metastases at the time of diagnosis, evidence of ypCR after preoperative radiotherapy chemotherapy (CT). Results: Median radiation dose was 50 Gy. A total of 527 patients (93%) received one of 12 different neoadjuvant CT schedules. Sphincter preservation, anteroposterior resection, and endoscopic surgery were performed in 73%, 22%, and 5% of patients, respectively. Adjuvant CT was administered to 22% of patients. Median follow-up was 46.4 months. Locoregional recurrence occurred in 7 patients (1.6%). Distant metastases occurred in 49 patients (8.9%). Overall, 5-year rates of disease-free survival, overall survival, and cancer-specific survival were 85%, 90%, and 94%, respectively. In multivariate analysis , only age and clinical stage statistically correlated with survival outcome. Adjuvant CT was still of borderline significance (worse for adjuvant CT). No relation was found between survival and neoadjuvant CT schedules. Conclusion: A ypCR after neoadjuvant therapy identified a favorable group of patients, even in this large series or 566 patients collected in 61 centers. Locoregional recurrence occurred only in 1.6% patients. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc