Effectiveness of Emotion-Focused Therapy on Marital Disaffection and Psychological Distress in Women Traumatized by Their Husbands’ Betrayal

Background: Marital dissatisfaction in women can lead to persistent adverse effects and psychological disorders. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) for couples on psychological distress and marital disaffection in women traumatized by their husbands’ extramarital affairs.Methods: This semi-experimental research was conducted using a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The study population included all women visiting the Mehravaran Counseling Center in Ahvaz, Khuzestan Province, Iran in 2022, who were dealing with their husbands’ extramarital affairs. After convenience sampling, 30 individuals were selected and subsequently divided into the experimental and control groups randomly following the pretest. In this process, the experimental group underwent nine weekly 60-minute sessions of EFT for couples, while the control group received no interventions. During the post-test phase, all participants completed research questionnaires. The research tools comprised the Marital Disaffection Scale and Psychological Distress Scale. The data obtained were analyzed using ANCOVA in SPSS version 24.Results: The mean (±SD) of psychological distress and marital disaffection in the control group were 23.13±3.64 and 33.13±4.29 in the pretest and 23.67±3.67 and 33.53±4.17 in the post-test. Meanwhile, the mean (±SD) of psychological distress and marital disaffection were 23.40±3.71 and 33.80±4.09 in the experimental group during the pretest and 18.53±3.96 and 28.00±3.11 in the post-test. The results indicated that EFT for couples alleviated psychological distress (P=0.001) and marital disaffection (P=0.001) in women traumatized by their husbands’ extramarital affairs.Conclusion: Given the effectiveness of EFT in reducing marital disaffection and psychological distress in women traumatized by their husbands’ extramarital affairs, it is recommended to provide couples with instruction in emotion-focused strategies to reconstruct and enhance their relationships. Engaging in such an approach can help reinforce positive beliefs and effectively address the psychological challenges experienced by women traumatized by their husbands’ extramarital involvements

The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Dialectical Behavior Therapy on Self-Determination Needs and Academic Burnout among Students Showing Depressive Symptoms

Background: The satisfaction of self-determination needs and alleviation of academic burnout help students reduce/adjust the stress and psychological pressure resulting from studies and the university entrance examinations. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) on self-determination needs and academic burnout among students showing depressive symptoms in Dehloran (Iran). Methods: In this experimental study, the statistical population comprised all female twelfth-grade high-school students studying for the university entrance exam in Dehloran, Iran in the academic year 2020-21. The sample consisted of 45 students showing depressive symptoms who were selected by convenience sampling, and then randomly divided into two experimental (MBSR and DBT) and a control group (n=15 each). Either MBSR or DBT intervention was administered to the experimental groups, but the control group received no intervention. The research instruments included the Self-Determination Needs Scale, Academic Burnout Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). The data were analyzed via descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Results: The results showed that MBSR and DBT both positively affected the self-determination needs (F=92.44, Pvalue=0.001) and academic burnout (F=68.54, Pvalue=0.001) of students studying for the university entrance exam and showing depressive symptoms. According to the results, MBSR was more effective in students' self-determination and academic burnout (Pvalue=0.01). Conclusions: It was found that both MBSR and DBT can help improve the self-determination needs and academic burnout of female high-school students studying for the university entrance exam and showing depressive symptoms. Keywords: Mindfulness, Dialectical behavior therapy, Self-determination, Depression, Student

The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Dialectical Behavior Therapy on Self-Determination Needs and Academic Burnout among Students Showing Depressive Symptoms

Background: The satisfaction of self-determination needs and alleviation of academic burnout help students reduce/adjust the stress and psychological pressure resulting from studies and the university entrance examinations. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) on self-determination needs and academic burnout among students showing depressive symptoms in Dehloran (Iran). Methods: In this experimental study, the statistical population comprised all female twelfth-grade high-school students studying for the university entrance exam in Dehloran, Iran in the academic year 2020-21. The sample consisted of 45 students showing depressive symptoms who were selected by convenience sampling, and then randomly divided into two experimental (MBSR and DBT) and a control group (n=15 each). Either MBSR or DBT intervention was administered to the experimental groups, but the control group received no intervention. The research instruments included the Self-Determination Needs Scale, Academic Burnout Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). The data were analyzed via descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Results: The results showed that MBSR and DBT both positively affected the self-determination needs (F=92.44, Pvalue=0.001) and academic burnout (F=68.54, Pvalue=0.001) of students studying for the university entrance exam and showing depressive symptoms. According to the results, MBSR was more effective in students' self-determination and academic burnout (Pvalue=0.01). Conclusions: It was found that both MBSR and DBT can help improve the self-determination needs and academic burnout of female high-school students studying for the university entrance exam and showing depressive symptoms. Keywords: Mindfulness, Dialectical behavior therapy, Self-determination, Depression, Student

Correlation of Stress Coping Strategies and Social Compromise with Empowerment through Cognitive Emotion Regulation Mediation in Head-of-Household Women

Background: Social compromise is one of the principal components of mental health in head-of-household women. Empowerment and promotion of cognitive emotion regulation are critical in social compromise. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between stress coping strategies and social compromise with empowerment through the mediation role of cognitive emotion regulation in head-of-household women.Methods: In this descriptive and correlational study, the statistical population comprises all head-of-household women in Yasuj, Iran in 2021, of whom 258 were selected through convenient sampling. The research instruments included the Psychological Empowerment Scale, the Adjustment Inventory, Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations, and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the statistical correlation method and structural equation modeling in SPSS and AMOS version 25.Results: The mean and standard deviation of social compromise, problem-focused strategies, emotion-focused strategies, avoidance strategies, adaptive emotion regulation, maladaptive emotion regulation, and empowerment were 14.22±4.60,16.11±4.71, 22.02±5.16, 23.65±4.88, 25.35±10.19, 20.34±8.14, and 39.25±10.84, respectively. The results showed a significant correlation between stress-coping strategies and social compromise with empowerment (P<0.001). Furthermore, the correlation between stress coping strategies and social compromise with empowerment was significant through the mediation of cognitive emotion regulation (P<0.001). The results showed that the final model fit well (CFI=0.99, RMSEA=0.028).Conclusion: The proposed model had a desirable fitting. The head-of-household women who have social compromise when facing problems can deal with the stress caused by problems through sympathy and consulting with others, as well as using stress coping strategies, and as a result of this empowerment, they enjoy sufficient mental health

The Effectiveness of Religious-based Gender Justice Training and Compassion-focused Therapy on Psychological Capital of Girls with Delayed Marriage

Background: Increased age of marriage can disrupt the normal functioning of the family as a crucial and vital institution in many cases and dysfunctional families may be associated with many social outcomes. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of religious-based gender justice training and compassion-focused therapy on the psychological capital of girls with delayed marriage. Methods: The research method was experimental with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population consisted of girls over thirty years old who visited health centers and psychological clinics of Tehran in 2019. Using the convenience sampling method, 45 participants were selected and randomly divided into two experimental groups (religious-based gender justice training and compassion-focused therapy) and a control group (n= 15 per group). Both experimental groups separately underwent eight sessions (60-minute sessions per week) of religious-based gender justice training and compassion-focused therapy. The control group did not receive any treatment. The research instrument included the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) in SPSS 24.0. The significant level was set at 0.05. Results: The results showed that religious-based gender justice training and compassion-focused therapy had significant effects on the three variables of self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism in intervention groups at post-test (Pvalue&lt;0.05). But these interventions did not significantly increase hopefulness. Conclusions: According to the results, religious-based gender justice training and compassion-focused therapy increased the psychological capital of girls with delayed marriage. Keywords: Religious, Psychological, Self-efficacy, Resilience, Optimism, Marriage

The Effectiveness of Religious-based Gender Justice Training and Compassion-focused Therapy on Psychological Capital of Girls with Delayed Marriage

Background: Increased age of marriage can disrupt the normal functioning of the family as a crucial and vital institution in many cases and dysfunctional families may be associated with many social outcomes. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of religious-based gender justice training and compassion-focused therapy on the psychological capital of girls with delayed marriage. Methods: The research method was experimental with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population consisted of girls over thirty years old who visited health centers and psychological clinics of Tehran in 2019. Using the convenience sampling method, 45 participants were selected and randomly divided into two experimental groups (religious-based gender justice training and compassion-focused therapy) and a control group (n= 15 per group). Both experimental groups separately underwent eight sessions (60-minute sessions per week) of religious-based gender justice training and compassion-focused therapy. The control group did not receive any treatment. The research instrument included the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) in SPSS 24.0. The significant level was set at 0.05. Results: The results showed that religious-based gender justice training and compassion-focused therapy had significant effects on the three variables of self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism in intervention groups at post-test (Pvalue&lt;0.05). But these interventions did not significantly increase hopefulness. Conclusions: According to the results, religious-based gender justice training and compassion-focused therapy increased the psychological capital of girls with delayed marriage. Keywords: Religious, Psychological, Self-efficacy, Resilience, Optimism, Marriage

The Prediction of Identity Crisis and Addiction Tendency Based on Islamic Beliefs and Family Climate among the nursing and midwifery students

Background and purpose: Recognition identity crisis versus constructing the identity and committing delinquent behaviors, such as addiction tendency and recognizing its predictive variables stand amongst the most crucial issues throughout early adulthood. The present research aimed to shed light upon the prediction of identity crisis and addiction tendency based on the practical commitment to Islamic beliefs and affective family climate among the nursing and midwifery students in Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Branch. &nbsp;Materials and Methods: This correlational research applied a descriptive-cross sectional design through a canonical correlational method. The research sample comprised 150 students studying in nursing and midwifery who were selected through random cluster sampling. To collect the data, Practical Commitment to Islamic Beliefs Questionnaire, Hilburn Affective Family Climate Scale, as well as Identity Crisis and Addiction Tendency Questionnaires were used. The collected data were also analyzed using canonical correlational coefficient. Results: The results of the current study indicated that the bivariate correlation coefficients for all variables was significant at level of 0.01. Moreover, the high correlation value could be found between family affective climate (one of the variables of the first set) and addiction tendency (one of the variables of the second set) (p<0.01). Conclusion: It could then be concluded that a healthy family affective climate can play a significant role in establishing deep and heartfelt relationship with God based on religious teachings, which could also result in bringing up children who are able to avoid having positive attitude toward drug use disorders, and can realize the fallacy of substance abuse. &nbsp

The Relationship of Social Support and Psychological Capital with Empowerment of Female Heads of Households: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation

Background: Female heads of households (FHHs) experience more anxiety and stress which result in many mood swings that can affect their belief in their capabilities and decrease the feeling of enjoyment of life. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between social support and psychological capital with the empowerment of female heads of households through the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation. Materials & Methods: The current descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on all female heads of households referring to Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation and the Welfare Department of Yasuj city, of whom, 250 were selected as the sample using convenience sampling method. The psychological empowerment instrument, the psychological capital questionnaire, the multidimensional scale of perceived social support, and the cognitive emotion regulation Questionnaire (short form) were used to collect data. Data were then analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis in SPSS and AMOS 25. Results: The results showed that there was a positive correlation between empowerment and social support (r=0.29), psychological capital (r=0.44), and adaptive emotion regulation (r=0.36). Moreover, there was a negative correlation between empowerment and maladaptive emotion regulation (r=-0.35). The results showed that the indirect correlation of social support and psychological capital with the empowerment of the FHHs was significant through the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation (P<0.001). Conclusions: The proposed model had a good fit. Empowering FHHs and improving their social support and psychological capital will enable them to deal with stress resulting from daily problems

Relative Effectiveness of Acceptance/Commitment and Schema Therapies on Love Trauma Syndrome and Self-compassion in Unmarried Girls With Emotional Breakdown

Background: Failure to establish and maintain close romantic relationships with commitment can hinder an individual’s development and impose adverse effects on their well-being in life due to the potential emergence of serious problems. The present study investigates the relative effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and schema therapy on love trauma syndrome and self-compassion in unmarried girls with emotional breakdowns.  Methods: The statistical population of this study included all unmarried girls with emotional breakdowns who visited counseling centers in Ahvaz, Khuzestan Province, Iran, in 2022. The convenience sampling method was employed to select 45 individuals randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group (n=15 per group). This quasi-experimental research adopted a pre-test-post-test design with a control group design and follow-up. The love trauma inventory and the self-compassion scale–short form were used to collect the data. The analysis of covariance was used for data analysis in the SPSS software, version 26. Results: The results indicated that ACT and schema therapy significantly affected the love trauma syndrome and self-compassion in unmarried girls with emotional breakdowns (P<0.001). Moreover, schema therapy had more significant effects than ACT on the participants’ love trauma syndrome and self-compassion (P<0.001). The results also demonstrated that the effectiveness of act and schema therapy on self-compassion and love trauma syndrome continued until the follow-up phase. Conclusion: Schema therapy is a more appropriate method for addressing the love trauma syndrome and self-compassion in unmarried girls with emotional breakdowns. Based on these results and considering the role of schema therapy, it is possible to help women with emotional breakdowns to enjoy self-compassion and reduce their love trauma syndrome by holding schema therapy sessions

Comparison of the Mindfulness and Imagery Rescripting and Reprocessing Therapy Effectiveness on Self-Efficacy among Mothers of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder

This study aims to compare the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and Imagery Rescripting and Reprocessing Therapy on self-caring mothers of children diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder in 2019. The statistical population of the study is 105 mothers of children with an autism spectrum disorder in two schools of Ahvaz, of which 45 mothers are randomly selected and 15 people are divided into three groups. The type of research is applied based on purpose whereas the data collection method is based on field and quasi-experimental research, along with pre-test-post-test with the control group. Research tools consist of Long-Form Neff Self-Compassion Questionnaire (2003), Measuring Hall and Edwards (1986), Spirituality Training, et al. (2010), Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy Protocol (2003), and Imagery Rescripting and Reprocessing Protocol with Processing Cognitive by Smucker (1995). The results obtained from analysis of covariance by SPSS software version 24 show that mindfulness-based method with the simultaneous effect of group type and test status of (p = 0.00), F = 58.31, the effect size of 0.510, and also Imagery Rescripting and Reprocessing with cognitive processing with the simultaneous effect of type Experimental group and condition. (p = 0.00) and (F = 40.36) have an effect on self-compassion of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder that the effect size is 0.394 and more than the error level of 0.05. Therefore, it indicates that there is no difference between the two treatments on self-compassion of mothers of children diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder