Iranian Local Languages and Dialects through a Statistical Analysis of Language Loss

Language shows the thoughts, senses and beliefs of human and depends on some parameters. As a matter of fact, it is a typical communication concept with perceptible flexibility. Therefore, when a word has change, a new sign can be formed accompany with the new usage and meaning. Culture and language are inseparable and to introduce the ways of enhancing linguistic comprehension. At the first look, language and culture seem two separate fields, but they twisted together and impact each other reciprocally and inevitably language can be considered a part of culture and plays an immense role in it. Language change can be gradually evolved to language death by shifting from one language to another in different contexts with a language slowly leaves its members.In this work, it has been striven to highlight nature of language through the evident statement for change or loss of Iranian languages in Persia territory (Iran) including Farsi, Gilaki and Mazandarani, Arabic, Lori, Talysh, Azeri, Kurdish ,Balochi ,Turkaman and others through the twisting of language and culture.During the time, the effective parameters on this phenomenon can be studied as something separate from the study of linguistics. However, the linguistic studies provide the challenging perception of the certain mechanisms of change and loss. Keywords: language, change, loss, culture, societ

Carbon Nanotubes as Biosensors for Releasing Conjugated Bisphosphonates–Metal Ions in Bone Tissue: Targeted Drug Delivery through the DFT Method

Bisphosphonate (BP) agents have attracted much attention for their precise therapy in some skeletal maladies demonstrated by enhancing osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. In this work, the use of CAM-B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p)/LANL2DZ to estimate the susceptibility of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) for adsorbing alendronate, ibandronate, neridronate, and pamidronate chelated to two metal cations of 2Mg2+, 2Ca2+, and 2Sr2+ through nuclear magnetic resonance and thermodynamic parameters has been accomplished. For most biological medications, oral bioavailability is too low to reach a therapeutic level, and advanced delivery systems such as formulations including permeation enhancers or enzyme inhibitors, lipid-based nanocarriers, and microneedles will likely increase the oral bioavailability of these medications properly. Therefore, the measurements have described that the eventuality of using SWCNT and BP agents becomes the norm in metal chelating of the drug delivery system, which has been selected through (alendronate, ibandronate, neridronate, pamidronate) → 2X (X = Mg2+/Ca2+/Sr2+) complexes. The NMR results of chelated alendronate, ibandronate, neridronate, and pamidronate complexes adsorbed onto (5,5) armchair SWCNT have remarked the location of active sites of tagged nitrogen (N), phosphorus (S), oxygen (O), and metal cations of magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), and strontium (Sr2+) in these molecules which replace the movement of the charge electron transfer in polar bisphosphonates (BPs) toward (5,5) armchair carbon nanotube (CNT). The thermodynamic results have exhibited that the substitution of 2Ca2+ cation by 2Sr2+ cation in the compound of the bioactive glasses can be efficient for treating vertebral complex fractures. However, the most fluctuation in the Gibbs free energy for BPs → 2Sr2+ has been observed at 300 K. This manuscript aimed to show that (5,5) armchair SWCNT can easily penetrate in the bone cells, delivering chelated BP–cations directly to the bone tissue. Drug delivery systems can improve the pharmacological profile, therapeutic profile, and efficacy of BP drugs and lower the occurrence of off-targets

Application of DFT and TD-DFT on Langmuir Adsorption of Nitrogen and Sulfur Heterocycle Dopants on an Aluminum Surface Decorated with Magnesium and Silicon

In this study, we investigated the abilities of nitrogen and sulfur heterocyclic carbenes of benzotriazole, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 8-hydroxyquinoline, and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiol regarding adsorption on an Al-Mg-Si alloy toward corrosion inhibition of the surface. Al-Si(14), Al-Si(19), and Al-Si(21) in the Al-Mg-Si alloy surface with the highest fluctuation in the shielding tensors of the “NMR” spectrum generated by intra-atomic interaction directed us to the most influence in the neighbor atoms generated by interatomic reactions of N → Al, O → Al, and S → Al through the coating and adsorbing process of Langmuir adsorption. The values of various thermodynamic properties and dipole moments of benzotriazole, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 8-hydroxyquinoline, and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiol adsorbed on the Al-Mg-Si increased by enhancing the molecular weight of these compounds as well as the charge distribution between organic compounds (electron donor) and the alloy surface (electron acceptor). Finally, this research can build up our knowledge of the electronic structure, relative stability, and surface bonding of various metal alloy surfaces, metal-doped alloy nanosheets, and other dependent mechanisms such as heterogeneous catalysis, friction lubrication, and biological systems

An Overview of Basis Set Effects for Diatomic Boron Nitride Compounds (B2N(∓,0)): A Quantum Symmetry Breaking

The symmetry breaking (SB) of B2 not only exhibits an energy barrier for ionic or neutral forms dependent on various basis sets but it also exhibits a few SBs due to the asymmetry stretching and bending mode interactions. SB obeys the mechanical quantum theorem among discrete symmetries and their connection to the spin statistics in physical sciences. In this investigation, the unusual amount of energy barrier of SBs appeared upon the orbit–orbit coupling of BNB (both radical and ions) between transition states and the ground state. Our goal in this study is to understand the difference among the electromagnetic structures of the (B2N(∓,0)) variants due to effects of various basis sets and methods and also the quantum symmetry breaking phenomenon. In the D∞h point group of (B2N(∓,0)) variants, the unpaired electron is delocalized, while in the asymmetric C∞v point group, it is localized on either one of the B atoms. Structures with broken symmetry, C∞v, can be stable by interacting with the D∞h point group. In viewpoints of quantum chemistry, the second-order Jahn–Teller effect permits the unpaired electron to localize on boron atom, rather than being delocalized. In this study, we observed that the energy barrier of SB for BNB increases by post HF methods

<b>An Overview of Basis Set Effects for Diatomic Boron Nitride Compounds (</b><b><i>B</i></b><b>₂</b><b><i>N</i></b><b>⁽</b><b>^∓</b><b>^,0)</b><b>)</b>: A Quantum Symmetry Breaking

The symmetry breaking (SB) of B2 not only exhibits an energy barrier for ionic or neutral forms dependent on various basis sets but it also exhibits a few SBs due to the asymmetry stretching and bending mode interactions. SB obeys the mechanical quantum theorem among discrete symmetries and their connection to the spin statistics in physical sciences. In this investigation, the unusual amount of energy barrier of SBs appeared upon the orbit–orbit coupling of BNB (both radical and ions) between transition states and the ground state. Our goal in this study is to understand the difference among the electromagnetic structures of the (B2N(∓,0)) variants due to effects of various basis sets and methods and also the quantum symmetry breaking phenomenon. In the D∞h point group of (B2N(∓,0)) variants, the unpaired electron is delocalized, while in the asymmetric C∞v point group, it is localized on either one of the B atoms. Structures with broken symmetry, C∞v, can be stable by interacting with the D∞h point group. In viewpoints of quantum chemistry, the second-order Jahn–Teller effect permits the unpaired electron to localize on boron atom, rather than being delocalized. In this study, we observed that the energy barrier of SB for BNB increases by post HF methods

Molecular Dynamics Simulation from Symmetry Breaking Changing to Asymmetrical Phospholipid Membranes Due to Variable Capacitors during Resonance with Helical Proteins

Biological symmetry breaking is a mechanism in biosystems that is necessary for human survival, and depends on chemical physics concepts at both microscopic and macroscopic scales. In this work, we present a few mechanisms of the signaling phenomenon that have been studied in various tissues of human origin. We exhibit that anatomical asymmetry in the structure of a membrane can produce a flow of extracellular fluid. Furthermore, we exhibit that membrane asymmetry is a misbalance in the composition of the aqueous phases and interaction forces with the protein trans-membrane. Various biological membranes such as DPPC, DMPC, DLPC, and so on, have considerable electrostatic voltages that extend across the phosphor lipids bilayer. For studying these phenomena, we modeled DPPC, DMPC, and DLPC lipid bilayers with a net charge misbalance across the phospholipids. Because asymmetric membranes create the shifted voltages among the various aqueous tissues, this effect makes the charge misbalances cause a voltage of 1.3 V across the DPPC bilayer and 0.8 V across the DMPC bilayer. This subject exhibits the importance of membrane structures on electrostatic potential gradients. Finally, we exhibited that a quantum effect was created in small parts of the cell’s thickness due to the symmetry breaking of asymmetrical phospholipid bilayers