Ten Years of Change in Beech Stand in North Central Maine Long Affected with Beech Bark Disease

In Maine, northern hardwood stands long affected by beech bark disease often still have high numbers of beech trees. This is mostly due to sprouting, and most new stems become severely infected with the disease. Beech that are resistant to the scale insect, Cryptococcus fagisuga Lind., the inciting factor for the disease complex, do exist and often occur in clumps of root sprout origin. In 1989 a long-term study of the effects of commonly used seasonal harvesting regimes on regeneration initiation and survival was established in north central Maine. Treatments included harvest season (winter or summer) and intensity (clearcut or partial cut). Resistant trees were paired with nearby susceptible trees that were of similar height and diameter, and then the trees were randomly chosen as a pair to be cut or left standing. The numbers of seedlings and sprouts that occurred in 174 15-foot radius plots around these study trees were counted annually fiom 1992- 1994. The annual growth of over 3 100 sprouts and seedlings were monitored. Initial results showed that the season of harvest, degree of overstory removal, and the cutting or leaving of trees had no effect on the numbers of sprouts initiated as a result of harvesting. In the summer of 2002, the original plots were re-established to determine sprout mortality associated with seasonal harvesting regimes. Out of the 174 original study trees, 172 were located, and the total number of sprouts and seedlings that occurred within the plots were recorded. Height and diameter measurements were taken on the monitored sprouts, seedlings within each plot. Summer harvests, and clearcut treatments, resulted in the highest regeneration mortality; 71% mortality in the summer harvests and 69% mortality in the clearcuts. By 2002, resistant study trees that originally were left after harvest had 67% mortality in winter clearcuts and 78% mortality in summer clearcuts, suffering no mortality in any of the partial cut or uncut stands. This demonstrates the importance of protecting resistant trees with uncut islands to insure their survival. Understanding the consequences of seasonal harvesting practices on root disturbance and resistant trees may hold the key to improving the quality of beech in stands affected with beech bark disease

A Collaborative Voyage to Improve Students\u27 Career Information Literacy

Librarians, a member of the Hotel College faculty, and a member of the Career Services staff at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas collaborated in the design, implementation and evaluation of a non-traditional research assignment asking students to demonstrate real world information literacy skills. Session attendees will explore the process by which the traditional librarian-teaching faculty member collaboration grew into a richer project involving a non-traditional partnering. Attendees will be guided through a discussion on levels of collaboration and an audit of potential non-traditional partner opportunities at their own institutions. Attendees will examine the product of this partnership: an assignment that asks students to generate informed questions to ask in a job interview. The assignment was designed to be useable in larger classes where a classic “term paper” style research assignment might be unrealistic to effectively administer and grade. After a session with the librarians on conducting research, students enrolled in a course on professional development within the hospitality industry are required to develop questions that they might ask of an interviewer that demonstrate the company- and industry-specific knowledge they gleaned via their research. Students are motivated by the idea of positioning themselves favorably in an interview in a way that a traditional term paper on a company or an industry fails to motivate. Attendees will brainstorm ways a similar approach (assigning the development of informed questions) might be used in different settings. The presentation will close by describing the personal and professional benefits of collaboration for those involved

A collaborative voyage to improve students\u27 career information literacy

Librarians, a member of the Hotel College faculty, and a member of the Career Services staff at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas collaborated in the design, implementation and evaluation of a non-traditional research assignment asking students to demonstrate real world information literacy skills. Session attendees will explore the process by which the traditional librarian-teaching faculty member collaboration grew into a richer project involving a non-traditional partnering. Attendees will be guided through a discussion on levels of collaboration and an audit of potential non-traditional partner opportunities at their own institutions. Attendees will examine the product of this partnership: an assignment that asks students to generate informed questions to ask in a job interview. The assignment was designed to be useable in larger classes where a classic “term paper” style research assignment might be unrealistic to effectively administer and grade. After a session with the librarians on conducting research, students enrolled in a course on professional development within the hospitality industry are required to develop questions that they might ask of an interviewer that demonstrate the company- and industry-specific knowledge they gleaned via their research. Students are motivated by the idea of positioning themselves favorably in an interview in a way that a traditional term paper on a company or an industry fails to motivate. Attendees will brainstorm ways a similar approach (assigning the development of informed questions) might be used in different settings

The effect of continuous diffusion of oxygen treatment on cytokines, perfusion, bacterial load, and healing in patients with diabetic foot ulcers

To evaluate continuous diffusion of oxygen therapy (CDO) on cytokines, perfusion, and bacterial load in diabetic foot ulcers we evaluated 23 patients for 3 weeks. Tissues biopsies were obtained at each visit to evaluate cytokines and quantitative bacterial cultures. Perfusion was measured with hyperspectral imaging and transcutaneous oxygen. We used paired T tests to compare continuous variables and independent T tests to compare healers and nonhealers. There was an increase from baseline to week 1 in TGF-β (P =.008), TNF-α (P =.014), VEGF (P =.008), PDGF (P =.087), and IGF-1 (P =.058); baseline to week 2 in TGF-β (P =.010), VEGF (P =.051), and IL-6 (P =.031); and baseline to week 3 with TGF-β (P =.055) and IL-6 (P =.054). There was a significant increase in transcutaneous oxygen after 1 week of treatment on both medial and lateral foot (P =.086 and.025). Fifty-three percent of the patients had at least a 50% wound area reduction (healers). At baseline, there were no differences in cytokines between healers and nonhealers. However, there was an increase in CXCL8 after 1 week of treatment (P =.080) and IL-6 after 3 weeks of treatment in nonhealers (P =.099). There were no differences in quantitative cultures in healers and nonhealers

Lyopreserved amniotic membrane is cellularly and clinically similar to cryopreserved construct for treating foot ulcers

We compared cellular viability between cryopreserved and lyopreserved amniotic membranes and clinical outcomes of the lyopreserved construct in a prospective cohort study of 40 patients with neuropathic foot ulcers. Patients received weekly application of lyopreserved membrane for 12 weeks with standard weekly debridement and offloading. We evaluated the proportion of foot ulcers that closed, time to closure, closure trajectories, and infection during therapy. We used chi-square tests for dichotomous variables and independent t-tests for continuous variables with an alpha of α =.10. Cellular viability was equivalent between cryo- and lyopreserved amniotic tissues. Clinically, 48% of subjects' wounds closed in an average of 40.0 days. Those that did not close were older (63 vs 59 years, P =.011) and larger ulcers at baseline (7.8 vs 1.6 cm2, P =.012). Significantly more patients who achieved closure reached a 50% wound area reduction in 4 weeks compared with non-closed wounds (73.7% vs 47.6%, P =.093). There was no difference in the slope of the wound closure trajectories between closed and non-closed wounds (0.124 and 0.159, P =.85), indicating the rate of closure was similar. The rate of closure was 0.60 mm/day (SD = 0.47) for wounds that closed and 0.50 mm/day (SD = 0.58) for wounds that did not close (P =.89)

Estimating the clinical effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy in the clinic: Evaluation of a CBT informed pain management programme

Randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses provide evidence for the efficacy of cognitive-behaviourally informed treatment (CBT) programmes for chronic pain. The current study aims to provide practice-based evidence for the effectiveness of CBT in routine clinical settings. Over a 10-year period 1013 pain patients were accepted into a 4 week in-patient pain management programme. Data from more than 800 patients was available at pre-treatment and at one month post-treatment and for around 600 patients at pre-treatment and at 9 months follow-up. Measures reported in this analysis were pain experience and interference, psychological distress (depression and anxiety), self-efficacy, catastrophizing, and walking. Change from pre-treatment to post-treatment and follow-up was assessed with conventional statistical tests, the computation of effect sizes and by the reliable change index (RCI) and clinically significant change (CSC) methodology. These analyses provide evidence of statistical improvement at post-treatment and follow-up and the RCI/CSC methodology suggested that between 1 in 3 and 1 in 7 (depending on the outcome measure) achieved clinically significant gains. There was also evidence that a small percentage of patients (1–2%) reliably deteriorated during the period of treatment. The limitations in the inferences that can be drawn from this study and of the methodology are discussed. A case is made for the application of benchmarking methods using data from RCTs in order to more fully evaluate practice and to generate better quality practice based evidence

Surfacing Show Card

Show card for exhibition Surfacing. February 1-28, 2001.https://digitalcommons.udallas.edu/surfacing/1000/thumbnail.jp

Spectral decomposition of internal gravity wave sea surface height in global models

Two global ocean models ranging in horizontal resolution from 1/12° to 1/48° are used to study the space and time scales of sea surface height (SSH) signals associated with internal gravity waves (IGWs). Frequency‐horizontal wavenumber SSH spectral densities are computed over seven regions of the world ocean from two simulations of the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) and three simulations of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model (MITgcm). High wavenumber, high‐frequency SSH variance follows the predicted IGW linear dispersion curves. The realism of high‐frequency motions (>0.87  cpd) in the models is tested through comparison of the frequency spectral density of dynamic height variance computed from the highest‐resolution runs of each model (1/25° HYCOM and 1/48° MITgcm) with dynamic height variance frequency spectral density computed from nine in situ profiling instruments. These high‐frequency motions are of particular interest because of their contributions to the small‐scale SSH variability that will be observed on a global scale in the upcoming Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite altimetry mission. The variance at supertidal frequencies can be comparable to the tidal and low‐frequency variance for high wavenumbers (length scales smaller than ∼50 km), especially in the higher‐resolution simulations. In the highest‐resolution simulations, the high‐frequency variance can be greater than the low‐frequency variance at these scales.Key PointsTwo high‐resolution ocean models compare well against data in frequency spectral density of dynamic heightSea surface height frequency‐horizontal wavenumber spectral densities show high variance along internal gravity wave dispersion curvesTwo high‐resolution ocean models give different estimates of variance in high‐frequency, high wavenumber phenomenaPeer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139946/1/jgrc22465-sup-0002-2017JC013009-fs01.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139946/2/jgrc22465-sup-0003-2017JC013009-fs02.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139946/3/jgrc22465_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139946/4/jgrc22465.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139946/5/jgrc22465-sup-0007-2017JC013009-fs06.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139946/6/jgrc22465-sup-0009-2017JC013009-fs08.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139946/7/jgrc22465-sup-0004-2017JC013009-fs03.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139946/8/jgrc22465-sup-0005-2017JC013009-fs04.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139946/9/jgrc22465-sup-0006-2017JC013009-fs05.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139946/10/jgrc22465-sup-0001-2017JC013009-s01.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139946/11/jgrc22465-sup-0008-2017JC013009-fs07.pd

Did the evidence-based intervention (EBI) programme reduce inappropriate procedures, lessen unwarranted variation or lead to spill-over effects in the National Health Service?

Background Health systems are under pressure to maintain services within limited resources. The Evidence-Based Interventions (EBI) programme published a first list of guidelines in 2019, which aimed to reduce inappropriate use of interventions within the NHS in England, reducing potential harm and optimising the use of limited resources. Seventeen procedures were selected in the first round, published in April 2019. Methods We evaluated changes in the trends for each procedure after its inclusion in the EBI’s first list of guidelines using interrupted time series analysis. We explored whether there was any evidence of spill-over effects onto related or substitute procedures, as well as exploring changes in geographical variation following the publication of national guidance. Results Most procedures were experiencing downward trends in the years prior to the launch of EBI. We found no evidence of a trend change in any of the 17 procedures following the introduction of the guidance. No evidence of spill-over increases in substitute or related procedures was found. Geographic variation in the number of procedures performed across English CCGs remained at similar levels before and after EBI. Conclusions The EBI programme had little success in its aim to further reduce the use of the 17 procedures it deemed inappropriate in all or certain circumstances. Most procedure rates were already decreasing before EBI and all continued with a similar trend afterwards. Geographical variation in the number of procedures remained at a similar level post EBI. De-adoption of inappropriate care is essential in maintaining health systems across the world. However, further research is needed to explore context specific enablers and barriers to effective identification and de-adoption of such inappropriate health care to support future de-adoption endeavours