47 research outputs found
Study of the seroprevalence, associated risk factors and the haematological values of infected Chlamydia abortus small ruminants in Benin Republic
Chlamydia abortus is one of the causative agents. The aim of this study was to determine for the first time the serological prevalence and hematological parameters in small ruminants positive for Chlamydia abortus in Benin, mainly in the department of OuĂ©mĂ©. It covered five sites, namely Akpro-MissĂ©rĂ©tĂ©, Avrankou, Adjarra, Sèmè-Kpodji and Dangbo in the OuĂ©mĂ© department. A total of 385 sera (200 sheep and 185 goats) from subjects showing signs of reproductive loss were tested using the indirect Elisa method. Of the 385 sera tested, 30 (7,79%) were positive for Chlamydia abortus. Similarly, the blood of animals tested positive was analyzed for hematological parameters using Sysmex XN-Series automated blood analyzer. Different variations with significant differences in some hematological parameters of the red line and those of the white line, depending on the study sites, species, age and physiological stage of the animals (hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume for the red line at the sites, lymphocytes and basophils for the white line at the sites; hemoglobin for the red lineage and lymphocytes for the white lineage at species level; lymphocytes at age level; lymphocytes, monocytes and basophils for the white lineage at physiological stage level) were observed in animals suffering from C. abortus.En la RepĂşblica de BenĂn, el aborto es uno de los problemas reproductivos de las explotaciones de pequeños rumiantes, y Chlamydia abortus es uno de los agentes causales. El objetivo de este estudio era determinar por primera vez la prevalencia serolĂłgica y los parámetros hematolĂłgicos en pequeños rumiantes positivos a Chlamydia abortus en BenĂn, principalmente en el departamento de OuĂ©mĂ©. AbarcĂł cinco emplazamientos, a saber, Akpro-MissĂ©rĂ©tĂ©, Avrankou, Adjarra, Sèmè-Kpodji y Dangbo, en el departamento de OuĂ©mĂ©. Se analizaron 385 sueros (200 ovejas y 185 cabras) de sujetos que presentaban signos de pĂ©rdida reproductiva mediante el mĂ©todo Elisa indirecto. De los 385 sueros analizados, 30 (7,79%) resultaron positivos para Chlamydia abortus. Del mismo modo, se analizĂł la sangre de los animales con resultados positivos para determinar los parámetros hematolĂłgicos utilizando el analizador de sangre automatizado Sysmex XN-Series. Se observaron variaciones con diferencias significativas en algunos parámetros hematolĂłgicos de la lĂnea roja y los de la lĂnea blanca, en funciĂłn de los lugares de estudio, la especie, la edad y el estadio fisiolĂłgico de los animales (hemoglobina, volumen corpuscular medio para la lĂnea roja en los lugares, linfocitos y basĂłfilos para la lĂnea blanca en los lugares; hemoglobina para la lĂnea roja y linfocitos para la lĂnea blanca a nivel de especie; linfocitos a nivel de edad; linfocitos, monocitos y basĂłfilos para la lĂnea blanca a nivel de estadio fisiolĂłgico) se observaron en los animales afectados por C. abortus
Epidemiological tools for effective surveillance of porcine cysticercosis in Africa
peer reviewedaudience: researcher, professional, studen
Recettes ethno-vétérinaire à base de plantes médicinales utilisées pour le traitement de la fièvre aphteuse au Bénin
L’usage des plantes dans le traitement des pathologies constitue une pratique courante chez les éleveurs au Bénin. La présente étude a pour but de répertorier les recettes utilisées par les éleveurs pour traiter la fièvre aphteuse. L’enquête s’est déroulée auprès de 370 éleveurs diversement répartis dans onze départements du Bénin, entre juillet et décembre 2015. Elle révèle que pour traiter la fièvre aphteuse, la quasi-totalité des éleveurs enquêtés associent les recettes à base de plantes médicinales aux soins vétérinaires. Au total, 32 types de recettes utilisant 32 espèces de plantes ont été récapitulés chez les éleveurs. Vitellaria paradoxa est l’espèce de plante la plus citée dans 3 types de recettes. Les espèces de plante telles Citrus limon L., Gossypium arboreum L., Pterocarpus erinaceus, Sorghum bicolor L., Acacia nilotica L., Lannea acida, Khaya senegalensis, Agelanthus dodoneifolius ont été chacune impliquées dans 2 recettes. Les écorces sont impliquées dans 14 types de recettes et la macération constitue la méthode la plus utilisée avec 27% de types de recettes suivis de la poudre avec 24%. Les soins vétérinaires sont basés sur l’utilisation des antibiotiques (Péniprocaïne ® ou l’Oxytétracycline®). D’autres études pourront révéler l’efficacité de ces plantes.Mots clés : Pathologie, aphtes, recettes endogènes, phytopharmacologie, bovin
Determination of grasscutter age (Thryonomys swinderianus Temminck, 1827) from anogenital distance
Objectives: The global objective of the survey was to determine the grasscutter age from the anogenital distance.
Methodology and results: Some linear (anogenital distance) and weight measurements were taken on 390 anesthetized grasscutters (202 males and 188 females) aged from two weeks to 12 months. The results led to eight linear prediction equation models of grasscutter age from anogenital distance and body weight. The best determined grasscutter age with an elevated coefficient value was: Age = - 5.50 + 0.37 x DAG + 0.01 x WT with R2 = 0.98. The Equation determining grasscutter age with a weak determination coefficients value was: Age = -18.22 +1.26 x DAG with R2 = 0.88. These models of equations can be used by literate breeders or researchers and in semi-intensive and intensive raisings.
Conclusions and application of findings: These results are useful to predict not recorded age of raised grasscutter, estimate game grasscutter age, make better management of reproduction and a good sanitary follow-up, and improvement of farming conditions, compare wild and raised grasscutter meat since meat organoleptic quality generally varies according to age.
Key words: Benin, vulva, testes, brown coloration, age, model
Evaluation du procédé d’abattage des bovins aux abattoirs de Cotonou-Porto- Novo au sud du Bénin
La viande est une denrée alimentaire hautement périssable dont la qualité hygiénique dépend de la contamination pendant les opérations d’abattage et de découpe. L’objectif de l’étude est d’évaluer le procédé d’abattage des bovins aux abattoirs de Cotonou-Porto-Novo au sud-Bénin. L’analyse du procédé d’abattage a été faite sur la base de la règle des cinq M. L’hygiène du procédé a été évaluée sur 60 carcasses et au cours dedeux périodes (répétition dans le temps). L’analyse du procédé a révélé que les pratiques courantes de production peuvent occasionner la contamination des carcasses par E. coli pathogène, Salmonella enterica,Bacillus cereus, Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Mycobacterium bovis et Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Les charges microbiennes moyennes parpériode de prélèvement étaient respectivement de 3,0 ± 0,12 log UFC/cm² et 5,09 ± 0,16 log UFC/cm² pour la flore aérobie mésophile et 1,2 ± 0,11 log UFC/cm² et 1,73 ± 0,18 log UFC/cm² pour les entérobactériaceae. Unseul échantillon a révélé la présence de Salmonella sp. Les charges ont fortement varié selon la période de prélèvement (P<0,05). Conformément aux critères proposés dans la littérature, l’hygiène du procédé d’abattagepeut être considérée satisfaisante durant la première période d’étude et non satisfaisante durant la deuxième période.Mots clés: Abattoir, viande, hygiène, microbiologie, procédé, Bénin
Diversité de la microflore initiale de la viande et sécurité sanitaire des consommateurs
La microflore initiale de la viande regroupe les germes survenus de l’animal vivant jusqu’à l’obtention de la carcasse c’est-à dire jusqu’à l’habillage mais avant lavage. Cet article décrit la diversité de cette microflore, les facteurs favorisant leur multiplication et leurs conséquences sur la santé des consommateurs. Les microorganismes de surface retrouvés immédiatement après abattage sur les carcasses ont été d’abord récapitulés. Les principaux indicateurs du respect des bonnes pratiques d’hygiène dans la filière viande ont été ensuite décrits, notamment, la Flore Aérobie Mésophile, Pseudomonas, les Enterobacteriaceae et E. coli. L’implication de l’activité de l’eau, de la température, du potentiel d’oxydoréduction et du pH dans le développement de la microflore initiale de la viande a été présentée. L’altération des viandes, les toxiinfections alimentaires et les conséquences technologiques issues du développement de cette microflore ont été décrites. Enfin, les caractéristiques des principaux germes pathogènes de la viande ont été décrites et les normes microbiologiques de la viande appliquées dans quelques pays ont été inventoriées.Mots clés: viande, microorganisme, altération, toxi-infection, normes
Cattle ticks and associated tick-borne pathogens in Burkina Faso and Benin: Apparent northern spread of Rhipicephalus microplus in Benin and first evidence of Theileria velifera and Theileria annulata
peer reviewedBabesiosis, theileriosis, anaplasmosis, and heartwater are tick-borne diseases that threaten livestock production in sub-Saharan Africa including Burkina Faso and Benin. For over a decade, these two bordering countries have been facing an invasion of the livestock by the tick Rhipicephalus microplus, a major vector for babesiosis, accidentally introduced in Benin in 2004. The molecular identification of tick-borne pathogens in this border area is of particular interest due to animals seasonal migration between the two countries. In this survey, epidemiological features of ticks and tick-borne pathogens in cattle were investigated to compare the eastern Burkina Faso, corresponding to a seasonal migration departure zone, and the northern Benin, which represents a seasonal migration arrival zone. Ticks and peripheral blood were collected from a total of 946 cattle in the two areas. Ticks were morphologically identified and the DNA samples from bovine blood and ticks were analysed by Reverse Line Blot (RLB) hybridization process. A total of 2856 ticks were collected on 490 cattle in Burkina Faso, eight tick species were identified, while 3583 ticks were collected on 456 cattle in North Benin with nine tick species identified. The invasive tick, R. microplus was not found in eastern Burkina Faso, but its spread farthest north in Benin is reported. Six tick-borne pathogen species were found in cattle blood both in eastern Burkina Faso and in northern Benin. Ranked in decreasing order of overall prevalences, they are: Theileria mutans (91.1%), Theileria velifera (77.8%), Babesia bigemina (10.9%), Anaplasma marginale (4.2%), Babesia bovis (3.3%), and Theileria annulata (1.8%). To the best of our knowledge, this survey represents the first report of T. velifera and T. annulata in the region. Overall, the TBP prevalences were significantly higher in northern Benin than in eastern Burkina Faso, indicating a higher parasitological risk in this area. © 2021 Elsevier Gmb
Cattle ticks and associated tick-borne pathogens in Burkina Faso and Benin : apparent northern spread of Rhipicephalus microplus in Benin and first evidence of Theileria velifera and Theileria annulata
Babesiosis, theileriosis, anaplasmosis, and heartwater are tick-borne diseases that threaten livestock production in sub-Saharan Africa including Burkina Faso and Benin. For over a decade, these two bordering countries have been facing an invasion of the livestock by the tick Rhipicephalus microplus, a major vector for babesiosis, accidentally introduced in Benin in 2004. The molecular identification of tick-borne pathogens in this border area is of particular interest due to animals seasonal migration between the two countries. In this survey, epidemiological features of ticks and tick-borne pathogens in cattle were investigated to compare the eastern Burkina Faso, corresponding to a seasonal migration departure zone, and the northern Benin, which represents a seasonal migration arrival zone. Ticks and peripheral blood were collected from a total of 946 cattle in the two areas. Ticks were morphologically identified and the DNA samples from bovine blood and ticks were analysed by Reverse Line Blot (RLB) hybridization process. A total of 2856 ticks were collected on 490 cattle in Burkina Faso, eight tick species were identified, while 3583 ticks were collected on 456 cattle in North Benin with nine tick species identified. The invasive tick, R. microplus was not found in eastern Burkina Faso, but its spread farthest north in Benin is reported. Six tick-borne pathogen species were found in cattle blood both in eastern Burkina Faso and in northern Benin. Ranked in decreasing order of overall prevalences, they are: Theileria mutans (91.1%), Theileria velifera (77.8%), Babesia bigemina (10.9%), Anaplasma marginale (4.2%), Babesia bovis (3.3%), and Theileria annulata (1.8%). To the best of our knowledge, this survey represents the first report of T. velifera and T. annulata in the region. Overall, the TBP prevalences were significantly higher in northern Benin than in eastern Burkina Faso, indicating a higher parasitological risk in this area.The Academy of Research and Higher Education (ARES-CCD) [RPD Transticks].https://www.elsevier.com/locate/ttbdishj2022Veterinary Tropical Disease