Canadian Food Law Update

Provided below is an overview of developments in Canadian food law and policy in 2010. This update primarily analyzes the regulatory and policy developments and litigation activities by the federal government. This focus reflects the significance of federal activities in the food policy realm

A Property Law Reader: Cases, Questions, and Commentary, 5th ed., Preface and Table of Contents

Nobody has been more influential over the past generation in the teaching of property law in Canada than Bruce Ziff. His Principles of Property Law is the foundational textbook on the subject. A Property Law Reader: Cases, Questions, and Commentary, which he first published as a sole author in 2004, has become, over three subsequent editions, the most widely used teaching material for property law in the country. Bruce retired from teaching property law in 2019. His retirement left major holes not only at the University of Alberta, where he taught for decades, but also throughout Canada in terms of guiding students, mentoring professors, and developing teaching materials and other resources for property law. Bruce had brought in Jeremy de Beer, Douglas Harris, and Margaret McCallum to collaborate with him on the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th editions of A Property Law Reader, but with his retirement, and also with Margaret’s, after years at the University of New Brunswick, the 5th edition is the product of a new scholarly collaboration with Tenille Brown and Patricia Farnese joining Jeremy and Doug. Although Bruce has stepped aside entirely from this 5th edition, his intellectual contributions remain profound. Much of the material within chapters has been updated or replaced, but the 5th edition retains the structure and organization that Bruce initially conceived. It also retains many of Margaret’s contributions to the selection of material and the commentary. The preface of the 4th edition began with this statement: “Property law—that body of rules which describes and defines relationships between people with respect to things—involves many choices.” The opening paragraphs continued by emphasizing that these choices, explicit or implicit, involve important decisions about the allocation of resources, and further, that we needed to interrogate the justifications for these decisions. The materials in the 4th edition, and in this 5th edition, return repeatedly to the justifications for particular rules and to ask whether they remain convincing. Indeed, the collection of materials was designed to enable an investigation of property law rules, and of the justifications for them

Incorporating a Creative Component in First-Year Law

For some students, law school leads to a perception of legal education as favouring technical proficiency and structural similarity over innovation and creativity, leading to disengagement in learning. To address this, we offered a creative option in two first-year law courses, worth 20% of the grade. Students who chose this option created a diversity of artistic works, including short stories, visual arts, literary criticism, culinary art, music and lyric composition, film, a blog, a video game, and a board game. Some of these works were of startling originality; all engaged in law in unconventional ways. We assessed the work using a rubric with descriptors relating both to artistic merit and legal knowledge or law studies. Later, we surveyed all 30 students who had submitted a creative project. The survey instrument used both open-ended questions and a set of statements that students rated on a 1-5 Likert scale. When asked to rank whether the project positively contributed to their law school experience, the response was overwhelmingly in agreement. The students said that completing a creative project developed their understanding of property or tort law, the two subjects in which the option was offered; that it helped them to develop practical legal skills; and that, for some, it contributed to a sense of belonging and community, thereby assisting with overcoming some of the alienation associated with law school. Based on our experience, we enthusiastically encourage other law schools to try offering a creative option to their students, particularly in first year. Pour certains étudiants, les facultés de droit conduisent à une perception des études légales qui favorise la compétence technique et la similarité structurelle plutôt que l’innovation et la créativité, ce qui a pour résultat un désengagement envers l’apprentissage. Pour répondre à ce problème, nous avons proposé une option de créativité dans deux cours de droit de première année qui comptait pour 20 % de la note finale. Les étudiants qui ont choisi cette option ont créé une diversité de travaux artistiques dans plusieurs domaines : récit, arts visuels, critique littéraire, art culinaire, musique, composition lyrique, film, blogue, jeu vidéo et jeu de société. Certains de ces travaux étaient saisissants d’originalité; tous présentaient des rapports avec le droit de manières inhabituelles. Nous avons évalué les travaux en fonction d’un module d’évaluation comportant un système de descripteurs qui se rapportaient à la fois au mérite artistique et à la connaissance légale ou aux études de droit. Plus tard, nous avons fait un sondage auprès des 30 étudiants qui avaient remis un projet de créativité. L’instrument du sondage comportait des questions ouvertes ainsi qu’un ensemble de déclarations auxquelles les étudiants devaient répondre sur une échelle Likert de 1 à 5. Nous avons demandé aux étudiants si le projet avait contribué de façon positive à leur expérience à la faculté de droit; les réponses ont été massivement en faveur d’un tel projet. Les étudiants ont déclaré que le fait d’avoir complété un projet de créativité avait développé leur compréhension de la législation sur la propriété ou sur le droit de la responsabilité civile, les deux sujets pour lesquels l’option avait été offerte; que le projet les avait aidés à développer des compétences légales pratiques; et que, pour certains, il avait contribué à l’acquisition d’un sens d’appartenance et de communauté en les aidant à surmonter certaines des aliénations associées aux études de droit. Sur la base de notre expérience, nous encourageons avec enthousiasme d’autres facultés de droit à offrir une option de créativité à leurs étudiants, en particulier au cours de la première année d’études

Incorporating a Creative Component in First-Year Law

For some students, law school leads to a perception of legal education as favouring technical proficiency and structural similarity over innovation and creativity, leading to disengagement in learning. To address this, we offered a creative option in two first-year law courses, worth 20% of the grade. Students who chose this option created a diversity of artistic works, including short stories, visual arts, literary criticism, culinary art, music and lyric composition, film, a blog, a video game, and a board game. Some of these works were of startling originality; all engaged in law in unconventional ways. We assessed the work using a rubric with descriptors relating both to artistic merit and legal knowledge or law studies. Later, we surveyed all 30 students who had submitted a creative project. The survey instrument used both open-ended questions and a set of statements that students rated on a 1-5 Likert scale. When asked to rank whether the project positively contributed to their law school experience, the response was overwhelmingly in agreement. The students said that completing a creative project developed their understanding of property or tort law, the two subjects in which the option was offered; that it helped them to develop practical legal skills; and that, for some, it contributed to a sense of belonging and community, thereby assisting with overcoming some of the alienation associated with law school. Based on our experience, we enthusiastically encourage other law schools to try offering a creative option to their students, particularly in first year. Pour certains étudiants, les facultés de droit conduisent à une perception des études légales qui favorise la compétence technique et la similarité structurelle plutôt que l’innovation et la créativité, ce qui a pour résultat un désengagement envers l’apprentissage. Pour répondre à ce problème, nous avons proposé une option de créativité dans deux cours de droit de première année qui comptait pour 20 % de la note finale. Les étudiants qui ont choisi cette option ont créé une diversité de travaux artistiques dans plusieurs domaines : récit, arts visuels, critique littéraire, art culinaire, musique, composition lyrique, film, blogue, jeu vidéo et jeu de société. Certains de ces travaux étaient saisissants d’originalité; tous présentaient des rapports avec le droit de manières inhabituelles. Nous avons évalué les travaux en fonction d’un module d’évaluation comportant un système de descripteurs qui se rapportaient à la fois au mérite artistique et à la connaissance légale ou aux études de droit. Plus tard, nous avons fait un sondage auprès des 30 étudiants qui avaient remis un projet de créativité. L’instrument du sondage comportait des questions ouvertes ainsi qu’un ensemble de déclarations auxquelles les étudiants devaient répondre sur une échelle Likert de 1 à 5. Nous avons demandé aux étudiants si le projet avait contribué de façon positive à leur expérience à la faculté de droit; les réponses ont été massivement en faveur d’un tel projet. Les étudiants ont déclaré que le fait d’avoir complété un projet de créativité avait développé leur compréhension de la législation sur la propriété ou sur le droit de la responsabilité civile, les deux sujets pour lesquels l’option avait été offerte; que le projet les avait aidés à développer des compétences légales pratiques; et que, pour certains, il avait contribué à l’acquisition d’un sens d’appartenance et de communauté en les aidant à surmonter certaines des aliénations associées aux études de droit. Sur la base de notre expérience, nous encourageons avec enthousiasme d’autres facultés de droit à offrir une option de créativité à leurs étudiants, en particulier au cours de la première année d’études

A Property Law Reader: Cases, Questions, and Commentary, 5th ed., Preface and Table of Contents

Nobody has been more influential over the past generation in the teaching of property law in Canada than Bruce Ziff. His Principles of Property Law is the foundational textbook on the subject. A Property Law Reader: Cases, Questions, and Commentary, which he first published as a sole author in 2004, has become, over three subsequent editions, the most widely used teaching material for property law in the country. Bruce retired from teaching property law in 2019. His retirement left major holes not only at the University of Alberta, where he taught for decades, but also throughout Canada in terms of guiding students, mentoring professors, and developing teaching materials and other resources for property law. Bruce had brought in Jeremy de Beer, Douglas Harris, and Margaret McCallum to collaborate with him on the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th editions of A Property Law Reader, but with his retirement, and also with Margaret’s, after years at the University of New Brunswick, the 5th edition is the product of a new scholarly collaboration with Tenille Brown and Patricia Farnese joining Jeremy and Doug. Although Bruce has stepped aside entirely from this 5th edition, his intellectual contributions remain profound. Much of the material within chapters has been updated or replaced, but the 5th edition retains the structure and organization that Bruce initially conceived. It also retains many of Margaret’s contributions to the selection of material and the commentary. The preface of the 4th edition began with this statement: “Property law—that body of rules which describes and defines relationships between people with respect to things—involves many choices.” The opening paragraphs continued by emphasizing that these choices, explicit or implicit, involve important decisions about the allocation of resources, and further, that we needed to interrogate the justifications for these decisions. The materials in the 4th edition, and in this 5th edition, return repeatedly to the justifications for particular rules and to ask whether they remain convincing. Indeed, the collection of materials was designed to enable an investigation of property law rules, and of the justifications for them

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

International audienceDUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

International audienceDUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

DUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals