Advanced Database Searching for Health and Social Work

Library guide to searching healthcare databases; applying limits, thesaurus searching, saving searches

How to Reference for Health and Social Care Students

When you write academic assignments, you are expected to acknowledge all the sources you have referred to, so your reader knows where the information you are using has come from. It is therefore important that any statements you make in your work are supported by references to the materials you have read. While individual lecturers may have their preferences for how references should be laid out (in the use of underlining and italics for example), the guidelines in this booklet are acceptable to all lecturers in health and social care

Basic Database Searching for Health and Social Work

Library guide to searching healthcare databases; choosing keywords, using Boolean, entering search terms into a database

Citing your references using the Harvard (Author-Date) system

A guide to Brookes Library Harvard referencing style, with example

Library Guide

A short introductory guide to the Library for Hong Kong students, written by the healthcare librarian

Fast-cure ionogel electrolytes with improved ion transport kinetics at room temperature

Fast-cure 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate-based ionogels have been realised for the first time. The influence of curing temperature on the structure of ionogels and their performance as the electrolyte for electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) has been investigated. Hybrid ionogels were synthesised via a non-hydrolytic sol-gel route and were fully gelled post heat-treating at 125, 150, 175 and 200 °C for 60 min with minimal shrinkage. Charge-transfer resistance (a rate-limiting parameter in cell kinetics during charge/discharge cycles) was reduced by ∼80% by increasing the heat-treatment temperature; this was partially attributed to the interlocking effect facilitated by high curing temperature. We report a maximum areal capacitance of 95 mF cm−2. Due to ∼40% increase in the penetrability coefficient of the ionic liquid, the electrode ‘full’ wetting time dropped from 48 to 5 h when the curing temperature was increased above 150 °C. These results were supported by SEM and Raman spectroscopy to characterise the effect of high temperature heat-treatment on the electrode-ionogel interface and the degree of electrode wetting by the ionic liquid. The fast-cure fabrication process for ionogels removes one of the major hurdles in their industrial application while the improved room temperature ion transport kinetics expands the potential application of ionic liquid-based electrochemical systems

The Influence of Sample Preparation Techniques on Aluminium Alloy AA2024-T3 Substrates for Sol-Gel Coating

Sol-gel coatings provide environmentally friendly surface protection for metals and can replace toxic pre-treatments such as those based on hexavalent chromium on metal alloys. This project ultimately aims to develop silica-based organic–inorganic sol-gel derived thin film coatings possessing anti-corrosion and anti-fouling properties on aluminium alloy substrates. As with any coating, sample preparation plays a significant role in the performance of a sol-gel coating. Therefore, it was necessary to define a preparation method that combines the removal of contaminants and surface roughening to improve adhesion and reproducibility. Four techniques were investigated: fine abrasive sandpaper cleaning, acetone degreasing only and cleaning with an industrial-available alkaline cleaner for 5 min and 30 min

Development of a Corrosion Protection Silica-based hybrid Sol-gel Coatings on Aluminum Alloys 2024-t3 by Encapsulating Benzimidazole and Octadec-9-enoic acid

Corrosion affects any metallic materials, such as pipelines, ships, and offshore platforms, as it is estimated that year’s corrosion losses are one-fifth of the global resources. The most efficient way of reducing the impact of this environment is using coatings- provision of barrier between the material and the aggressive environment. Hybrid Silica-based Sol-gel-derived coating presents one of the most viable pre-treatments alternatives to chromate. A significant advantage of the sol-gel process is the possibility of forming a hybrid inorganic-organic structure network at low temperatures. In addition, sol-gel coatings have good adhesion to metallic substrates and organic materials. Therefore, as a continuance of previous research on sol-gel coating systems. The work reports the performance of hybrid sol-gel formula formed from TEOS and MTMS enhanced by polysiloxanes with and without the presence of environmental benign corrosion inhibitor individually formed from benzimidazole (BZI) and Octadec-9-enoic acid (OA) as a duplex layers coating system. The sol-gel only and the duplex coating systems were at the same thickness, which can be applied to lightweight alloys such as aluminum alloy 2024-t3 to form a fundamentally corrosion inhibited and crack-free coating. The corrosion protection mechanism’s evaluation for these coatings is based on electrochemical tastings using potential-dynamic polarization scanning (PDPS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The protective properties of the coating system were studied when immersed in 3.5% NaCl to imitate the aggressive environment. The chemical confirmation was checked by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), supported by analyzing surface morphology after 360 hrs. of immersion testing using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and water contact angle for coated samples (WCA). The corrosion resistance performance of this coating system is a result of the combination of good adhesion, and pore blocking of the silica-based hybrid coating, and the presence of both encapsulated OA as a carrier and BZI as a film-forming volatile corrosion inhibitor resulting in durable film-forming, reducing the reaction at cathodic sites. Also, it exhibited excellent anti-corrosion properties, providing an adherent protective film on the aluminum alloy 2024-T3 samples compared to previous sol-gel and bare metals, which might last more than 60 days without any sign of failure, with an eco-friendly and cost-effectiv

Study the Enhancement on Corrosion Protection by Adding PFDTES to Hybrid Sol-Gel on AA2024-T3 Alloy in 3.5% NaCl Solutions

Sol-gel as protective coatings has been shown to exhibit excellent chemical stability combined with the ability to reduce the corrosion of metal substrates. The sol-gel method is an eco-friendly technique route for producing surface coatings, showing high potential for the replacement of toxic pre-treatment coatings. This study aims to develop a new understanding of the enhancement in corrosion protection of a hybrid-organic-inorganic sol-gel coating that cured at (80oC) by increasing the hydrophobicity and characterized the performance on the aluminium 2024-T3 alloy. The alternative method involved a novel sol-gel was prepared by introducing a 1H,1H,2H,2Hperfluorodecyltriethoxy silane (PFDTES) into the base hybrid sol-gel created from tetraethylorthosilicate silane (TEOS) and triethoxymethyl silane (MTMS) precursors. The results of electrochemical testing analyses reveal the new open finite-length diffusion circuit element (O) coming from electrolyte media diffusion preventive by fluorinated groups. Also, it is revealed increases in corrosion protection arising from the increasing the hydrophobicity of the fluorinated sol-gel coating when it compared to other formula cured under similar conditions. Additionally, the modified sol-gel exhibited improved resistance to cracking, while the increased hydrophobicity may also promote self-cleaning

Study the effect of applying benzimidazole-ethanol solution as a film-forming corrosion inhibitor on the surface of aluminium alloy 2024-t3

The Al-Cu-Mg light alloys storage such that their use for building structural, marine offshore, and aeroplane components with excellent strength/weight ratios would not be possible without adherent anti-corrosion preservation. Many techniques and strategies are still being used to treat the surface, such as cladding, anodizing, and greasing. However, due to the cost, time consumed, and processing these techniques is considered complicated. Therefore, applying volatile organic inhibitors components are now being used effectively. Benzimidazole (BZI) and its derivatives are one of these film-forming chemicals used on copper and steel directly or as injectable combined with other carriers such as fatty acids or dissolvable hydrocarbons with high efficiency on corrosion protection. Therefore, this paper will investigate the enhancement of the corrosion protection afforded by direct spraying of BZI solution on the surface of aluminium alloy 2024-t3. The corrosion protection performance results from the high electro-negativity of BZI and as a film-forming inhibitor, which will be adsorbed on the metallic surface as it may emulate the active protection. The corrosion protection properties of the BZI film-forming coating were preliminary studied within 3.5% NaCl by using electrochemical impedance testing and simulations. The surface chemical adsorption confirmation was done by infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), supported by analyzing the morphology of the surface before and after the immersion testing by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and real-image within one week of immersion. The Benzimidazole film-forming coating exhibited good anti-corrosion properties, providing an adherent protection film on AA 2024-t3 samples comparing to cladded bare AA2024-t3 with a cost-effective and easy applying process