The effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on cardiometabolic markers in overweight type 2 diabetic patients with stable myocardial infarction: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Limited data are present that have assessed the effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) intake on cardiometabolic markers in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). This study was done to determine the effects of CoQ10 administration on cardiometabolic markers in overweight diabetic patients with stable myocardial infarction. METHODS: This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was done among 60 diabetic patients with CHD aged 45-75 years old. Subjects were randomly allocated into two groups to receive either 100 mg/day CoQ10 supplements (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for 8 weeks. RESULTS: Compared with the placebo, CoQ10 intake led to a significant reduction in serum interleukin 6 (IL-6) (-1.7 &plusmn; 1.6 vs. 0.8 &plusmn; 1.7 ng/l, P &lt; 0.001) and protein carbonyl (PCO) levels (-0.2 &plusmn; 0.3 vs. 0.1 &plusmn; 0.2 nmol/mg protein, P &lt; 0.001). Supplementation with CoQ10 did not affect serum lipoprotein(a), advanced glycation end-products and thiol concentrations compared with the placebo. CONCLUSION: Overall, this study indicated that CoQ10 intake after 8 weeks among diabetic patients with the stable CHD had beneficial effects on serum IL-6 and PCO levels, but did not alter other cardiometabolic markers.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p

Assessment of the Relationship between Galectin-3 and Ejection Fraction and Functional Capacity in the Patients with Compensated Systolic Heart Failure

Background: Galectin-3 is a soluble ß-galactoside–binding lectin released by activated cardiac macrophages. Galectin-3 has been proposed for diagnosis and prognosis of HF patients. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between galectin-3 as a biomarker and ejection fraction and functional capacity in the patients with compensated systolic heart failure. Patients and Methods: In this study, serum levels of Galectin-3 were measured in 76 patients with compensated heart failure with New York Heart Association class I–IV and left ventricular ejection fraction < 45%. Galectin-3 was measured by an ELISA kit. Besides, echocardiography was used to evaluate left ventricular ejection fraction. Additionally, functional capacity was determined based on the patients’ ability to perform a set of activities. After all, the data were analyzed used t-test, Kruskal-Wallis, one–way ANOVA, and chi-square test. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The patients’ age ranged from 45 to 75 years, with the mean age of 63.85 ± 9 years. In addition 57.9% of the patients were male. The results revealed no significant correlation between Galectin-3 and age, body mass index, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Also, no significant correlation was observed between Galectin-3 levels and left ventricular ejection fraction (P = 0.166) and functional capacity (P = 0.420). Yet, a significant difference was found between males and females regarding the mean of Galectin-3 (P = 0.039). Conclusions:: The study results suggested that Galectin-3 could not be used as a marker of disease progression in the patients under treatment, which could probably be the result of medication use in these patients

Comparative effects of carbohydrate versus fat restriction on metabolic profiles, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in overweight patients with Type 2 diabetic and coronary heart disease: a randomized clinical trialComparative effects of car

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to establish the comparative effects of carbohydrate versus fat restriction on metabolic indices in Type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS: This randomized, clinical trial was done among 56 overweight persons with T2D and CHD aged 40-85 years old. The patients were randomly allocated to take either a high-carbohydrate (HC) diet (60-65% carbohydrates and 20-25% fats) (n = 28) or a restricted carbohydrate (RC) diet (43-49% carbohydrate and 36-40% fats) (n = 28) for 8 weeks to determine metabolic status. RESULTS: After 8 weeks of treatment, RC diet decreased fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (&minus;11.5 &plusmn; 28.3 vs. +7.0 &plusmn; 26.9 mg/dl, P = 0.010) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (&minus;564.3 &plusmn; 1280.1 vs. +286.1 &plusmn; 1789.2 ng/ml, P = 0.040) compared with a HC diet. Moreover, compared with a HC diet, RC diet increased total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (+274.8 &plusmn; 111.5 vs. +20.2 &plusmn; 82.5 mmol/l, P &lt; 0.001) and glutathione (GSH) levels (+51.6 &plusmn; 111.5 vs. &minus;32.6 &plusmn; 88.5 &micro;mol/l, P = 0.003). No significant alterations between the two groups were found in terms of their effect on other metabolic profiles. CONCLUSION: RC diet in overweight T2D with CHD had beneficial effects on FPG, hs-CRP, TAC, and GSH values.&nbsp;</p

The effects of probiotic supplementation on metabolic status in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary heart disease

Abstract Background This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of probiotic supplementation on metabolic profiles in diabetic patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed among 60 diabetic patients with CHD, aged 40–85 years at a cardiology clinic in Kashan, Iran, from October 2017 through January 2018. Patients were randomly divided into two groups to take either probiotic supplements (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for 12 weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at the beginning of the study and after the 12-week intervention to determine related markers. Results After 12-week intervention, probiotic supplementation significantly decreased fasting plasma glucose (β − 20.02 mg/dL; 95% CI − 33.86, − 6.17; P = 0.005), insulin (β − 2.09 µIU/mL; 95% CI − 3.77, − 0.41; P = 0.01), insulin resistance (β − 0.50; 95% CI − 0.96, − 0.03; P = 0.03) and total-/HDL-cholesterol ratio (β − 0.27; 95% CI − 0.52, − 0.03; P = 0.02), and significantly increased insulin sensitivity (β 0.008; 95% CI 0.001, 0.01; P = 0.02) and HDL-cholesterol levels (β 2.52 mg/dL; 95% CI 0.04, 5.00; P = 0.04) compared with the placebo. Moreover, probiotic supplementation led to a significant reduction in serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (β − 0.88 mg/L; 95% CI − 1.39, − 0.38; P = 0.001), and a significant elevation in total antioxidant capacity (β 108.44 mmol/L; 95% CI 47.61, 169.27; P = 0.001) and total glutathione levels (β 45.15 µmol/L; 95% CI 5.82, 84.47; P = 0.02) compared with the placebo. Probiotic supplementation did not affect other metabolic profiles. Conclusions Overall, we found that probiotic supplementation for 12 weeks had beneficial effects on glycemic control, HDL-cholesterol, total-/HDL-cholesterol ratio, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic patients with CHD. Trial registration Clinical trial registration number http://www.irct.ir: IRCT2017082733941N