Survey on Epidemiological Status and Incidence Rate of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Abadan County, Khuzestan Province, Southwestern Iran

Cutaneous Lieshmaniasis (CL) has been considered as a large hygienic challenge, and the epidemiological studies have been useful in controlling this problem, and also taking prevention stages. Khuzestan Province is one of the common foci of the wet or rural zoonotic CL in Iran. Due to the lack of data about the epidemiology and prevalence of CL in Abadan County (30 degrees 16'N 48 degrees 34'E), this study was conducted in this area within 2011-2015. This descriptive-analytical study was based on 179 cases of CL submitted to the medical and health centers of Abadan County (30 degrees 42'02''N 49 degrees 49'53''E) during the past years. The study was done by extracting the demographic and epidemiologic data from a standard information questionnaire as well as analyzing the study data via SPSS software with chi-square and T tests. Demographic information-epidemiologic features, such as the number and location of lesions on the body, job, month, season, age, gender was collected. The patients were diagnosed by direct microscopic examination of the samples and clinical information. All ethical issues were also addressed. The average incidence rate was reported to be 0,15 / 1000 person. The results revealed that the number of the infected cases in Abadan was 179 people during the study. The most frequent age group was 21-30 years old (24.6). Meanwhile, about 54.7 of CL patients were male and 45.3 were female. Housekeepers had the highest incidence (29.1) of CL. The analysis of the lesions on the different parts of the body showed that 24.3 of the lesions occurred on the hand, 20.1 on the foot, 14.5 on the hand as well foot, and 11.7 on the face. The maximum number of CL cases was reported in the autumn with 34.1. Most of the cases were seen in October (14.5) and November (12.3). About 59.2 of the patients had one ulcer. The findings showed an increasing and decreasing trend of the incidence and prevalence rate of CL over the period study in this area. Also, CL has been remaining a health threat in the future. Therefore, it is recommended that the regional authorities pay more attention to control the spread of the disease

Petrography and Mineral Chemistry of Tourmaline in Molla Taleb Ganitoid, Northeast of Aligudarz (Lorestan Province)

Molla Taleb pegmatites (northeast of Aligudarz) are located in the western part of the metamorphic-igneous Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (SSZ). Slates and schists along with siliceous veins and veinlet and black Hornfels, as well as metamorphic sandstones are among the oldest deposits of this area. The most important geological event in this area is the development and intrusion of granitoid masses into schists of the Molla Taleb area during the Middle Jurassic. The rocks of the study area are in the range of gabbro, diorite, granodiorite, and granite. Granites are in the range of type-I granites. Most specimens are calc-alkaline and mainly contain peraluminous. Microprobe electron analysis of tourmalines present in pegmatites, tourmaline- aplite-pegmatite veins, nodular tourmalines, and quartz-tourmaline veins shows that all tourmalines are in the Schorl region and the range of alkaline tourmalines. These tourmalines with FeO / FeO + MgO ratios between 0.6 and 0.8 are in the range of magmatic-hydrothermal tourmalines and more than 0.8 in the magmatic range. Therefore, the studied tourmalines are dependent on granite environments and are formed by a hydrothermal fluid of magmatic origin

Petrography and Mineral Chemistry of Tourmaline in Molla Taleb Ganitoid, Northeast of Aligudarz (Lorestan Province)

Molla Taleb pegmatites (northeast of Aligudarz) are located in the western part of the metamorphic-igneous Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (SSZ). Slates and schists along with siliceous veins and veinlet and black Hornfels, as well as metamorphic sandstones are among the oldest deposits of this area. The most important geological event in this area is the development and intrusion of granitoid masses into schists of the Molla Taleb area during the Middle Jurassic. The rocks of the study area are in the range of gabbro, diorite, granodiorite, and granite. Granites are in the range of type-I granites. Most specimens are calc-alkaline and mainly contain peraluminous. Microprobe electron analysis of tourmalines present in pegmatites, tourmaline- aplite-pegmatite veins, nodular tourmalines, and quartz-tourmaline veins shows that all tourmalines are in the Schorl region and the range of alkaline tourmalines. These tourmalines with FeO / FeO + MgO ratios between 0.6 and 0.8 are in the range of magmatic-hydrothermal tourmalines and more than 0.8 in the magmatic range. Therefore, the studied tourmalines are dependent on granite environments and are formed by a hydrothermal fluid of magmatic origin

Psychological Understanding of the Sense of Ownership Towards Management Jobs

In psychology and management, psychological ownership is known as an important psychological antecedent for motivation, attitudes, and behaviors of managers at work. The present research aimed to understand the phenomenon of psychological ownership towards management positions among public managers conducted by the phenomenological approach. It was an applied and developmental study in terms of goal, which used semi-structured in-depth interviews for data collection. The statistical population was composed of the managers of public organizations in Ilam province, Iran. The sample was taken by purposive technique and continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. Finally, 20 public organization managers were interviewed. The collected data were analyzed by the thematic method using the content analysis approach. The results revealed one theme, eight categories, and 21 sub-categories. The constituents of the concept of psychological ownership include attachment, continuity, fidelity, accountability, domineering, Identification, autonomy, and self-efficacy belief. Public agencies should take constructive actions to manage this phenomenon

INVESTIGATION OF THE PREVALENCE OF HEAD LICE (Pediculus capitis) IN THE WEST OF AHVAZ COUNTY, SOUTHWESTERN IRAN: A DESCRIPTIVE-ANALYTICAL STUDY

Objectives: Head louse (Pediculus capitis) is a major health challenge in many parts of the globe. Pediculosis capitis is a serious infestation related to the communities with poor hygiene. The aim of the present research was to determine some epidemiological and demographic features of human head louse in the western area of Ahvaz, Southwestern. Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional research was done on the patients with head louse infestation who referred to the western Ahvaz Health Center during 2010-2014. A patient was defined as being infested by the presence of nits or live lice. Data collection was done by questionnaires and physical examination of the hairs. Analysis was done by Chi-square test, using SPSS software version 18. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: Totally, 21000 children and adolescents were screened and 7148 people (34) were infected by pediculosis. The overall prevalence of head lice infestation was 2.36 per 1000 population during the five-year period. The most prevalent rate was observed in 2014 (35.2) and the lowest prevalence rate was observed in 2010 (11.9). A statistical significant correlation was observed between Pediculosis capitis and age, gender, month, history of infestation and residence place (P<0.05). About 18.1 of those infested with pediculosis had a previous history of this infestation. Approximately 1.9 of the males and 98.1 of the females were infested to head lice. Pediculosis capitis infestations were highest (60.2) in subjects aged 6-10 and lowest in those aged less than six (5). The most prevalent rate of infestation was observed in urban areas (77.4). The prevalence of pediculosis was higher in the winter (50.3) than other seasons. Most of the cases were found in March (20.5) and February (16.2). Conclusions: Individuals aged 6-10 years old were most often infested with pediculosis capitis, which could be due to their head to head contact and their age. Meanwhile, girls were 52.9 times more likely to have head lice infestation than boys. The educational system should clarify all of people from all families to play a more effective role to eliminate head louse infestation among populations

Study of mineralization in gholgholeh area based on SEM and fluid inclusion (southwest of saghez city—Iran)

The aim of this study is gold and its element mineralization in Gholgholeh area. The Gholgholeh area is located in 40 Km southwest of Saghez city and in northwest of Kordestan province. The case of study in the oldest rock-unit outcrops in the north of this area which belongs to Percambrian gneiss. Permian deposit mostly distributed in north, northeast and northwest of this area. The major types of alteration are composed of silicification, sulfidation, sericitization, chloritization and carbonatization. sercitization and choritization are the most. SEM and mineralography studies indicate occurrence of sulfide mieralization especially Au sulfides which appears in two generations. On the basis of SEM studies, little Ag and As are observed. There is no gold in calcite. Primary mineral consist of: pyrite, marcazite and calchopyrite, and secondary minerals are pyrite, coveline and realgar. On the other hand, fluid inclusion studies shows 350ºC temperature in gold formation. Evidence like Parageneses, elements, gangue and alteration around mineralization area all indicate the presence of monometal gold vein ore deposit of quartz vein type replaced by gold vein in cracks which are depended on this structure

Influence of nano-copper oxide concentration on bactericidal properties of silver-copper oxide nanocomposite

The study investigated influence of copper oxide nanoparticle (CuO NP) concentrations on the bactericidal properties of silver-copper oxide (Ag/CuO) nanocomposite against Escherichia coli PTCC 1329, Klebsiella pneumoniae PTCC 1290 and Staphylococcus aureus PTCC 1189. Silver–copper oxide nanocomposite with varying concentrations of CuO was synthesized using a facile sol–gel combustion route. Formation of Ag/CuO crystalline structure and particle size were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Transmission Electron Microscopy and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy. Elemental analyses were performed by energy dispersive X-ray. Morphologies of CuO NPs showed that Ag/CuO nanocomposite consisted of interconnected nanoparticles with a porous channel. Ag/CuO nanocomposite with higher CuO NPs content exhibited superior bactericidal effects. Bacterial growth profile also confirmed superior bactericidal effects of the nanocomposite at higher CuO NPs concentrations. A facile sol–gel technique with enhanced bactericidal effects at higher concentration of CuO NPs is promising for the development of cost-effective and efficacy-enhanced nanomaterials

Delineation of the Cr mineralization based on the stream sediment data utilizing fractal modeling and factor analysis in the Khoy 1:100,000 sheet, NW Iran

Fractal methods are regarded as a highly efficient method for more accurate separation of boundaries between mineralized zone in shallow and deep studies. In this research, concentration-number (C-N) and concentration-area (C-A) fractal methods were used in order to identify promising areas of the elements like Cr, Co and Ni in the Khoy 1:100,000 geological mapping sheet, NW Iran. The factor analysis was performed on the elements, and factors, which were related to the elements, were isolated and studied by both fractal methods. The current geological locations of the extreme anomalies were investigated and the results showed a very close relationship and overlapping. The results of the presented models show that the most elements under study are located in the central and southwestern parts of the sheet. From the point of view of the lithology, these areas correspond to the serpentinite ultramafic units of harzburgite and dunite, and as a result, there is a high probability of Cr mineralization. The achieved results are confirmed by factor analysis. This means that a factor accumulation of these elements is exactly the same as those of each element

Prospection of Au mineralization based on stream sediments and lithogeochemical data using multifractal modeling in Alut 1:100,000 sheet, NW Iran

The Alut 1:100,000 sheet is located in the Sanandaj-Sirjan structural zone, NW Iran, which contains Au-Ag (Cu) mineralization. The aim of this research is to separate geochemical anomalies using concentration-number (C-N) multifractal modeling based on stream sediments and lithogeochemical data. Results obtained from the C-N method indicated the main anomalies of Au, Ag, Cu, and As accumulated in the central and eastern parts of the area which are associated with meta-volcanic and granitic rocks. Correlation between the elemental highly intensive anomalies and geological particulars consisting of alteration zones and faults revealed that the main Au anomalies are in the central and eastern parts of the Alut 1:100,000 sheet