An Application of the Concept of the Therapeutic Alliance To Sadomasochistic Pathology

This paper traces the history of the therapeutic alliance concept, examining how it has been used and misused, at times elevated to a central position and at others rejected altogether. The loss of this concept created a vacuum in classical psychoanalysis that has been filled by rival theories. The continuing usefulness of looking at the treatment process through the lens of the therapeutic alliance, particularly in relation to the manifold difficulties of working with sadomasochistic pathology, is suggested. To this end, revisions of the theory of the therapeutic alliance are suggested to address some of the difficulties that have arisen in conceptualizing this aspect of the therapeutic relationship, and to provide an integrated dynamic model for working with patients at each phase of treatment. This revised model acknowledges the complexity of the domain and encompasses the multiple tasks, functions, partners, and treatment phases involved. The utility of the revised theory is illustrated in application to understanding the sadomasochistic, omnipotent resistances of a female patient through the phases of her analysis.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66889/2/10.1177_00030651980460031301.pd

Promising immunomodulatory effects of bacterial lysates in the prevention and treatment of acute and recurrent respiratory infections in children

A.L. Zaplatnikov1, E.V. Kanner2, I.D. Kanner3, A.A. Girina4, I.M. Farber5, M.L. Maximov1,6 1Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation 2Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russian Federation 3Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation 4Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russian Federation 5I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation 6Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Kazan, Russian Federation The incidence of influenza and acute respiratory infections (ARI) continues to grow, including due to limited opportunities for immunoprophylaxis of the most common respiratory infections, in particular, acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI). Attempts are being made to reduce the children susceptibility to respiratory pathogens through the rational use of nonspecific immunoprophylactic agents, among which bacterial lysates (BL) occupy a special place. BL key patterns, contributing to the prevention of viral infections, are innate immune response activation, excessive inflammatory response prevention, adaptive immune response stimulation. BL contain fragments of inactivated various pathogenic bacteria strains that are important in the ARI etiology. Obtaining lysates of bacterial strains is possible by mechanical or chemical lysis. The article discusses the results of preclinical and clinical studies on BL, as well as suggests the expediency of further study concerning the BL pharmacodynamic effects within the modern concept of trained immunity. The authors conclude that BL as a trained immunity inducer according to the rationally selected regimen can contribute to the respiratory infections' prevention both during COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic period. Keywords: acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections, influenza, trained immunity, immunoprophylaxis, bacterial lysate. For citation: Zaplatnikov A.L., Kanner E.V., Kanner I.D., Girina A.A., Farber I.M., Maximov M.L. Promising immunomodulatory effects of bacterial lysates in the prevention and treatment of acute and recurrent respiratory infections in children. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(3):290–297 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-3-12. </p

Incidence and sources of Listeria monocytogenes in a traditional hot-smoked rainbow trout processing plant in Turkey

35th Annual Meeting of the West-European-Fish-Technologists-Association (WEFTA)/Meeting of the European Section of the American-Oil-Chemists-Society -- SEP 19-22, 2005 -- Inst Marine Resources & Ecosyst Studies (IMARES, former RIVO), Antwerp, BELGIUMWOS: 000250361400013In recent years, microbial fish safety is getting a close attention from regulatory agencies and consumers. Therefore, fish farm raising rainbow trout and affiliated slaughterhouse and smoking plants were evaluated for the occurrence of Listeria monocytogenes. Samples including raw fish, swabbings of equipment or other surfaces, as well as processing water, salt, fish feed and fish samples taken after various stages of processing were collected from thirty different locations in the plant. For the detection of L. monocytogenes, both conventional and Listeria Rapid Test (LRT) were used. L. monocytogenes was detected in thirty out of sixty samples (50%) by LRT, while it was detected in thirty-four out of sixty samples (57%) by conventional method. No L. monocytogenes was detected from raw fish, smoked fish (before handling) and processing water, but it was detected in all environmental samples including swabbings of equipment or other surfaces and smoked fish samples after filleting.W European Fish Technologists Assoc (WEFTA), Unit Anim Sci - Fisheries (D-VI, former SFD), Belgium Inst Agr & Fisheries Res, Amer Oil Chemists Soc, European Sec