Entanglement R\'enyi α\alpha -entropy

We study the entanglement R\'{e}nyi $\alpha$-entropy (ER$\alpha$E) as the measure of entanglement. Instead of a single quantity in standard entanglement quantification for a quantum state by using the von Neumann entropy for the well-accepted entanglement of formation (EoF), the ER$\alpha$E gives a continuous spectrum parametrized by variable $\alpha$ as the entanglement measure, and it reduces to the standard EoF in the special case $\alpha \rightarrow 1$. The ER$\alpha$E provides more information in entanglement quantification, and can be used such as in determining the convertibility of entangled states by local operations and classical communication. A series of new results are obtained: (i) we can show that ER$\alpha$E of two states, which can be mixed or pure, may be incomparable, in contrast to the fact that there always exists an order for EoF of two states; (ii) similar as the case of EoF, we study in a fully analytical way the ER$\alpha$E for arbitrary two-qubit states, the Werner states and isotropic states in general d-dimension; (iii) we provide a proof of the previous conjecture for the analytical functional form of EoF of isotropic states in arbitrary d-dimension.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure

手术分级管理与ICD-9-CM-3手术编码的探索*

Surgery grading management is one of the key aspects of medical technology access and medical quality management. Surgical classification is graded by risk level, the degree of difficulty of the process and the technology; however, surgery coding is mainly classified by the surgical site. Therefore, the grading of the ICD coding surgical name encounters some difficulties. Our hospital uses the “Jiangsu Province set of medical information classification and coding standards” and “Jiangsu Province surgery hierarchical directory”, which is issued by Jiangsu Provincial Commission of Health and Family Planning, as the basis. We are practicing and exploring about the correspondence between the surgery which has graded and ICD-9-CM-3 encoding, including six categories problems, such as different types of the same operation, different surgeries of the same parts. We carry out the surgical grading and coding intelligent management into hospital management, which will regulate the management of hospital surgery more effectively, ensure the safety of medical quality, and reduce the incidence of adverse events in health care.手术分级管理是医疗技术准入、医疗质量管理等的关键环节之一。手术分级是按风险高低、过程难易、技术难易程度进行分级的，而手术编码是按手术部位进行分类的，因此对ICD编码的手术名称逐一进行分级存在一定困难。本院以江苏省卫生计生委下发的“江苏省医疗信息分类编码标准集”及“江苏省手术分级目录”为依据，对已分级的手术与ICD-9-CM-3手术编码之间的对应关系进行了实践与探索，包括6类问题，如同一手术不同类型、同一部位不同手术等。将手术分级与手术编码智能化管理落实到医院诊疗实践中，会更有效的规范医院手术、保障医疗安全、减少医疗不良事件的发生