Effect of Thermal Stresses on Self Supporting Telecommunication Mast

This work has studied the effect of thermal stresses on four-legged Self Supporting telecommunication mast. ANSYS software was used in studying the displacement patterns due to daily fluctuating temperatures over a period of 5 years using Ibadan, Nigeria metropolis environment as a case study. The telecommunication mast was geometrically modelled using AUTOCAD and imported into ANSYS for the finite element analysis. The mast was loaded with antenna loads of 2,755N and thermal load. The temperature data was collated in Microsoft excel and converted into .dat file format using MATLAB, before loading into ANSYS workspace for use. The loaded telecommunication mast was displaced from its original position at the top due to thermal load with maximum displacement of 0.022851 mm and minimum displacement of 0mm at the bottom of the mast. The model results showed cyclicdisplacement pattern of the telecommunication mast for the period under study but will not result into collapse of the mast in the period studied

Development of Automatic Switch using PIR and SSR for Day and Night Detection

None conservative attitude is observed among the African people in non-conservative utilization of public power supply. Individuals are often observed power on the lightings, cooling systems when not needed at homes, offices and commercial centers. This increases power bills and may hinders a nation from diverting power to industrial areas, limiting the process of industrialization and waste of energy. To avert these, this paper presents development of automatic switch using passive infrared sensor (PIR) and solid state relay (SSR) for day and night detection. The objective of this project is to replace the electromagnetic relays which may fail as a result of carbon forming resulting from arching in existing designs with solid state relay. Also, the system is to conserve energy more by ensuring that bulbs are not powered on during the day time except in cases of darkness. The circuit was designed using components such as; power supply, PIR sensor, Light Dependent resistor (LDR) sensor, Microcontroller and SSR, as showed in the circuit figures 1 and 8. The system is achieved using PIC16f628 which is programmed using Micro-C, SSR for switching, PIR for human detection and LDR to detect night and day. The system was tested and worked perfectly. It helped to conserve energy

MECHANICAL AND MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF DUCTILE IRON PRODUCED FROM FUEL - FIRED ROTARY FURNACE

The work compared the mechanical and microstructural properties of ductile iron produced in a locally manufactured fuel- fired rotary furnace with ASTM A 536 65-45-12, with a view to standardizing the produced ductile iron. Sets of low alloyed ductile iron were produced in form of keel Y-block inside green sand mould, using a rotary furnace of 100 kg capacity. The base alloy was treated with 5.5 wt. % Mg-Fe-Si alloy for spheroidisation followed by post inoculation with 75 wt. % Fe-Si. The samples of the as-cast were machined to mechanical test samples of tensile, yield and hardness. The microstructural and mechanical characterizations of the samples were carried out using computerized Instron Electromechanical Testing Machine (Model 3369), Mansato Tensometer (Model W) and Nikon Eclipse metallurgical microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. The results showed that the yield and tensile strength of the produced ductile iron were 367 and 540 MPa respectively with the hardness value of 185 BHN. The results obtained were compared with standard ASTM A 536 65-45-12 to confirm the suitability of the manufactured fuel-fired rotary furnace for the production of ductile iron

Mismatch between Anthropometry Characteristics of Nigerian Occupational Bus Drivers and the In-Vehicle Measurement

The characterization of interfacing elements of in-vehicle and driver’s anthropometric variables of a randomly selected operators with sample size of 161 subjects of commercial buses in the study area were considered in this work. Participatory ergonomic intervention approach was employed in data mining, opinion gathering and subsequent analysis. Related variables between the two systems were compared to establish fitness as well as the level to which human operator were accommodated in the vehicle dimension. A few cases of misfit were recorded based on drivers’ opinion and the measurements taken. Work related musculoskeletal disorder experienced by the users under study were traceable to inappropriate design variable of the in-vehicle elements.    

Corrosion Behavior Of Steel In Acidic Medium For Petroleum Systems

The electrochemical reaction response of austenitic 316L stainless steel and carbon steel was examined through weight loss analysis in 1M, 2M and 3M of HCl acid. The results show that austenitic 316L has high corrosion resistance than carbon steel for the test analyzed with the lowest corrosion rate of 0.0018mm/y at 1M of HCl and highest at 0.0053mm/y when compared with carbon steel which has the lowest corrosion rate of 0.0003mm/y for 1M of HCl and highest at 0.0013 mm/y of 3M of HCl solution all at ambient temperature conditions. General corrosion was displayed on the surface of the carbon steel but austenitic 316L was not affected due to the presence of chromium alloy and other alloying elements

Anticorrosion Behaviour of Zinc Oxide on Aluminum in 2 M of Hydrochloric Acidic Solution

The inhibitive effect of zinc oxide on the corrosion of aluminum in 2 M HCl solution was studied using gravimetric analysis. Different concentrations of the ZnO were varied for their anticorrosion behavior study on the metal. Results showed that the zinc oxide exhibited very good performance, with inhibition efficiency of up to 89%, at reducing the corrosion of aluminum in the acidic chloride environment

Analyses of the effects of Avocado oil on mild steel corrosion in 1 M of sulphuric acidic solution

This study investigates the effects of Avocado oil on mild steel corrosion in 1 M H2SO4 solution using gravimetric method and its requisite analyses. Concentrations of the oil for the acidic environment were varied for their anticorrosion effectiveness study on the metal. Results obtained show the organic inhibitor compound maintained excellent inhibition efficiencies at 5% concentration of the avocado oil, while the lower concentrations of the oil exhibited increasing trends of effectiveness, on the mild steel corrosion. That this result is suggestive of being due to the adsorption reaction of the avocado oil on the surface of the mild steel samples was detailed via the Langmuir adsorption isotherm modelling analyses presented in study

Steel Corrosion Behaviour in Acidic Solution for Application in Petrochemical Distillation Systems

The electrochemical reaction response of austenitic 316L stainless steel and carbon steel was examined through weight loss analysis in 1M, 2M and 3M of HCl acid. The results show that austenitic 316L has high corrosion resistance than carbon steel for the test analyzed with the lowest corrosion rate of 0.0018mm/y at 1M of HCl and highest at 0.0053mm/y when compared with carbon steel which has the lowest corrosion rate of 0.0003mm/y for 1M of HCl and highest at 0.0013 mm/y of 3M of HCl solution all at ambient temperature conditions. General corrosion was displayed on the surface of the carbon steel but austenitic 316L was not affected due to the presence of chromium alloy and other alloying elements

Comparative assessment and statistical data of admixed rosemary and castor oil on the corrosion inhibition of high carbon and P4 low carbon mold steels

Admixed rosemary and castor oil extracts (RSCO) were studied for their corrosion inhibition properties on high carbon steel (HCS) and P4 low carbon mold steel (P4S) in 1 M H2SO4 and HCl solution by coupon measurement. Results obtained showed that the admixed oil extract performed effectively on HCS and P4S with mean inhibition efficiency values above 90% for P4S and 80% for HCS in both acid solutions. The inhibition efficiency values of RSCO on P4S and HCS varied only with exposure time in H2SO4 with progressive increase in value compared to the effect of RSCO concentration which was negligible. The corresponding effect of RSCO in HCl solution showed no effect of exposure time and RSCO concentration on its performance on P4S while on HCS the effect of exposure time was observed. The standard deviation values obtained for RSCO inhibition efficiency at all concentrations on P4S and HCS in H2SO4, and HCS in HCl shows the degree of variation from mean values to be significant compared to the values obtained for P4S in HCl solution which were relatively small. The proportion of inhibition efficiency values above 70% inhibition performance are 39%, 44%, 100% and 39% at margin of error of 13%, 13.5%, 0% and 13% for P4S and HCS in H2SO4 and HCl solution. Analysis of variance shows exposure time is the dominant statistically relevant source of variation influencing RSCO inhibition performance in H2SO4 and HCl solutions. � 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Development of a Human Powered Pedal Washing MACHINE

Human powered pedal washing machine has been designed using materials suitable for its application. An existing bicycle was used as the pedal and other parts of the machine such as the drum, the frame was fabricated using galvanized steel. The material selection was put into consideration, such as corrosion because of the machine’s involvement with water. The human powered pedal washing machine was tested with a used dirty Laboratory coat. The pedaling washing was first done for the first 15 minutes, using water and sunlight detergent soap. There was a partial cleaning of the Laboratory coat, though the coat was very dirty. Another round of washing was done after which the first washing water was drained out through the outlet part of the machine. The second washing was excellent because the Laboratory coat was clean. The human powered pedal washing machine performed well with all the designed parts functioning well. This is an eco-friendly machine, maintenance cost free, energy conservation machine and highly sustainable for underdeveloped nations of the world