Incomplete miscarriage during the first trimester: a comparison of indoor versus outdoor procedure

Introduction: Miscarriage is defined as the natural death of a fetus inside the uterus. To remove complete conception material after a miscarriage, vacuum aspiration or dilatation & curettage are methods to remove uterine contents. Controversies exist regarding both procedures. So we conducted this study to confirm the more successful method. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of manual vacuum aspiration versus traditional evacuation and curettage (E & C) among females presenting with incomplete miscarriage during the first trimester of pregnancy Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled trial was done at the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shalamar Hospital, Lahore for 6 months. Then the selected females were divided randomly into 2 equal groups. In group A, females had manual vacuum procedure while in group B, females had evacuation & curettage under general anesthesia. After 12 hours of the procedure, ultrasonography was done to confirm complete evacuation. Results: The mean age of the patients was 29.87 ± 6.71 years, the mean gestational age was 8.06 ± 2.82 weeks. The effectiveness was noted in 248 (91.85%) patients. Statistically, manual vacuum showed significantly more effective as compared to evacuation & curettage procedure in the management of incomplete miscarriage i.e. p-value = 0.008. Conclusion: It has been proved that manual vacuum aspiration is more effective than traditional evacuation & curettage in the management of incomplete miscarriage

To determine the frequency of Group B Streptococcal colonization of vagina in women at 35-37 week pregnancy

BACKGROUND: Group B streptococci (GBS) is the usually present in vaginal canal in micro-flora, which usually do not exhibit any symptoms. Instead, in pregnancy, there are certain situations in GBS colonization in vagina, which may lead to several complications. OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of Group B Streptococcal colonization of vagina in women at 35-37 week pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN: Cross sectional survey SETTING: Antenatal clinic, Shalamar Hospital Lahore STUDY DURATION: 6 month i.e. From: 05-09-2014 to 06-03-2015 SUBJECTS & METHODS: 350 Booked Patients attending antenatal clinic at Shalamar hospital at 35-37 weeks of pregnancy for routine antenatal checkup were included. Lower vaginal swabs were taken without speculum using sterilized disposable cotton swab and transported to Amies Agar jell and transported to microbiology lab within 24 hours. Laboratory report was collected and reviewed by researcher regarding positive or negative culture for GBS. Patients with positive GBS culture were given intrapartum antibiotics. RESULTS: In our study, out of 350 cases, with the mean age of 26.92+4.84 years. Frequency of GBS colonization of vagina in women at 35-37 week pregnancy was recorded in 12.29% while remaining 87.71% had no findings of the morbidity. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the frequency of GBS colonization of vagina in women at 35-37 week pregnancy is not very higher and in accordance with other regions of our country, but routine screening may further decline its incidence. KEYWORDS: Pregnancy, last trimester, Group B Streptococcal colonization of vagin

To determine the frequency of Group B Streptococcal colonization of vagina in women at 35-37 week pregnancy

BACKGROUND: Group B streptococci (GBS) is the usually present in vaginal canal in micro-flora, which usually do not exhibit any symptoms. Instead, in pregnancy, there are certain situations in GBS colonization in vagina, which may lead to several complications. OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of Group B Streptococcal colonization of vagina in women at 35-37 week pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN: Cross sectional survey SETTING: Antenatal clinic, Shalamar Hospital Lahore STUDY DURATION: 6 month i.e. From: 05-09-2014 to 06-03-2015 SUBJECTS & METHODS: 350 Booked Patients attending antenatal clinic at Shalamar hospital at 35-37 weeks of pregnancy for routine antenatal checkup were included. Lower vaginal swabs were taken without speculum using sterilized disposable cotton swab and transported to Amies Agar jell and transported to microbiology lab within 24 hours. Laboratory report was collected and reviewed by researcher regarding positive or negative culture for GBS. Patients with positive GBS culture were given intrapartum antibiotics. RESULTS: In our study, out of 350 cases, with the mean age of 26.92+4.84 years. Frequency of GBS colonization of vagina in women at 35-37 week pregnancy was recorded in 12.29% while remaining 87.71% had no findings of the morbidity. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the frequency of GBS colonization of vagina in women at 35-37 week pregnancy is not very higher and in accordance with other regions of our country, but routine screening may further decline its incidence. KEYWORDS: Pregnancy, last trimester, Group B Streptococcal colonization of vagin

Effect of Garlic (Allium Sativum) Supplementation on Growth Performance and Serum Biochemistry of Broiler Chicks

The current study was conducted in the poultry shed of Livestock Research & Development, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar, Pakistan. A total of 120, day-old straight run broilers were procured from Big Bird Pvt. Ltd. The study was comprised of four experimental groups (G.S-0%, G.S-0.3%, G.S-0.6%, G.S-0.9%) having three replicates in each group with ten birds per replicate. Powdered garlic was supplemented @ 0, 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9% to different experimental groups in their basal diet. Zero level was kept as control group. Dietary intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) along with serum biochemical profile of birds were studied. The data in respect of feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were recorded for each week whereas serum biochemical profile was determined after the completion of the research trial. Dietary intake, was found statistically similar during all the four weeks and overall basis. Weight gain and FCR were statistically not different during the 1st three weeks of research trial whereas significantly different (p?0.05) at 4th week and also for overall growth performance in terms of above-mentioned parameters. Significantly improved weight gain was observed for treatment group (G.S-0.9%) whereas significantly improved FCR was found for group (G.S- 0.6%) as compared to control group. Overall antibody titer against Newcastle disease was non-significant among the experimental groups except G.S-0.6% which was statistically greater (p?0.05) than control. As far as, antibody titer against infectious bursal disease (IBD) is concerned, experimental group (GS-0.9%) shown significantly improved (p?0.05) antibody titer in comparison to other experimental groups. Garlic supplementation has shown positive impact on serum biochemical profile. Significantly lowered total serum cholesterol and triglycerides levels were recorded for group (GS-0.6%) as compared to other groups. Garlic supplementation @ 0.6% in basal diet is recommended for better and economic production in meat type birds

Valorization of the phytochemical profile, nutritional composition, and therapeutic potentials of garlic peel: a concurrent review

ABSTRACTGarlic (Allium sativum) is an ingredient that is frequently utilized in food for its therapeutic properties. Even though garlic peel accounts for 25% of production overall, unfortunately, it is discarded by the industry. Garlic peel is a valuable source of phytochemicals and medicinal substances. Throughout history, various civilizations have recognized the potential benefits of using garlic peel for illness prevention and treatment. This review emphasizes that garlic peel contains a variety of chemicals that are believed to offer health benefits for high blood sugar levels, lower the risk of cardiovascular illnesses, and have anti-tumor, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial properties. Additionally, we discuss the main bioactive substances in garlic peel, namely total phenolics, total flavonoids, and their derivatives. We may infer from our understanding that garlic peel is a useful agricultural waste because it contains a range of biologically active components. As a result, it can be employed as an ingredient to control health, especially in the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields