4 research outputs found
Fumigant Toxicity and Oviposition Deterrency of the Essential Oil from Cardamom, Elettaria cardamomum, Against Three Stored—product Insects
Use of insecticides can have disruptive effects on the environment. Replacing the chemical compounds in these insecticides with plant materials, however, can be a safe method with low environmental risk. In the current study, chemical composition and insecticidal activities of the essential oil from cardamom, Elettaria cardamomum L. (Maton) (Zingiberales: Zingiberaceae) on the adults of three stored product pests was investigated. Results indicated that essential oil of E. cardamomum toxic to the bruchid beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), and the flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Adults of E. kuehniella were more sensitive than the Coleoptera. Also, the highest mortality of these insects was seen after 12 hours. Results of the LT50 tests showed that the lethal time of mortality occurred between 10–20 hours in various test concentrations. Essential oil of E. cardamomum had a good efficacy on oviposition deterrence of C.
maculatus females, too. The chemical constituents of the essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography—mass spectrometry. The major constituents of cardamom were identified as 1,8-cineol, α-terpinyl acetate, terpinene and fenchyl alcohol. These results suggest that essential oil of E. cardamomum is a good choice for control of stored product pests
Global depression in Breast Cancer patients: systematic review and meta-analysis
Background:
Breast cancer is known as one of the most common diseases among women, the psychological consequences of which are common in women and affect various aspects of their lives, so this study aims to investigate the prevalence of depression among women with breast cancer globally.
Method:
The present meta-analysis was performed by searching for keywords related to breast cancer and depression in 4 main databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Sciences and Scopus in the period of January 2000 to November 2021 and the results of the study using R and CMA software were analyzed.
Results:
A total of 71 studies were selected in English and the results of the analysis showed that the prevalence of depression in women with breast cancer is 30.2%, with Pakistan having the highest (83%) prevalence of depression and Taiwan having the lowest (8.3%). And in the WHO regions, EMRO region had the highest (49.7%) rate and SEARO region had the lowest (23%) prevalence of depression. Also, with increasing age, the prevalence of depression among women with breast cancer increases.
Conclusion:
Community and family support for women with breast cancer, holding psychology and psychotherapy courses, lifestyle modifications and training in this area can be effective in preventing the reduction of the prevalence of depression, and given the pivotal role of women in family affairs, this This can be in line with the work of health system policymakers
Toxicidad Fumigante de Algunos Aceites Esenciales sobre Adultos de algunas Plagas de Productos Almacenados.
Plant materials with insecticidal properties have been traditionally
used for generations in some parts of the world. In this study,
fumigant toxicity of some essential oils extracted from Rosmarinus
officinalis L., Mentha pulegium L., Zataria multiflora, and Citrus
sinensis (L.) Osbeck var. hamlin on adults of stored-product pests,
including Tribolium castaneum, Sitophilus granarius, Callosobruchus
maculatus, and Plodia interpunctella were investigated. Pure essential
oils were used in glass vials for the bioassay. LC50 values of Citrus
sinensis var. hamlin against T. castaneum , S. granarius , and C.
maculatus were 391.28, 367.75, and 223.48 ÎĽL L-1 air after 24 h,
362.40, 20.45, and 207.17 ÎĽL L-1 air after 48 h, respectively.
Furthermore, LC50 values of the fumigant test of C. sinensis and M.
pulegium essential oils against S. granarius were 0.038 and 367.75
ÎĽL L-1 air after 24 h, 0.025 and 320.45 ÎĽL L-1 air after 48
h, respectively. On the other hand, LC50 values of R. officinalis and
Z. multiflora on P. interpunctella moths were 0.93 and 1.75 ÎĽL L-1
after 24 h. Results showed that among tested essential oils, C.
sinensis var. hamlin had good fumigant toxicity on T. castaneum , S.
granarius , and C. maculatus . In addition, M. pulegium essential oil
was stronger than C. sinensis var. hamlin on S. granarius . Results
also indicated that both Z. multiflora and R. officinalis had fumigant
toxicity on P. interpunctella adults. In summary, results indicated
that these essential oils have good fumigant toxicity on stored-product
pests.Materiales vegetales con propiedades insecticidas han sido usados
tradicionalmente por generaciones en algunas partes del mundo. En este
estudio se estudiĂł la toxicidad fumigante de algunos aceites
esenciales extraĂdos desde Rosmarinus officinalis L., Mentha
pulegium L., Zataria multiflora y Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck var.
hamlin sobre adultos de plagas de productos almacenados, incluyendo
Tribolium castaneum, Sitophilus granarius, Callosobruchus maculatus y
Plodia interpunctella. Para los bioensayos se usaron aceites esenciales
puros en frascos de vidrio. Los valores de LC50 de C. sinensis var.
hamlin contra T. castaneum , S. granarius y C. maculatus fueron 391.28,
367.75 y 223.48 después de 24 h y 362.40, 20.45 y 207.17 μL
L-1 aire después de 48 h, respectivamente. Además, los
valores de LC50 de la prueba fumigante del aceite esencial de C.
sinensis y M. pulegium contra S. granarius después de 24 h fueron
0,038 y 367,75 μL L-1 aire y fueron 0,025 y 320,45 después de
48 h, respectivamente. Por otra parte, los valores de LC50 de R.
officinalis y Z. multiflora en polillas de P. interpunctella
después de 24 h fueron 0,93 y 1,75 μL L-1. Los resultados
mostraron que entre los aceites esenciales, C. sinensis var. hamlin
tuvo una buena toxicidad fumigante sobre T. castaneum , S. granarius ,
C. maculatus . Además, el aceite esencial de M. pulegium fue
más fuerte que C. sinensis var. hamlin sobre S. granarius . Los
resultados además indicaron que Z. multiflora and R. officinalis
tuvieron toxicidad fumigante sobre adultos de P. interpunctella . En
conclusiĂłn, los resultados indicaron que estos aceites esenciales
tienen buena toxicidad fumigante sobre plagas de productos almacenados