Elementary school principals creativity and their sense of humour

Bu çalışma, ilköğretim okulu öğretmenlerinin algılarına göre okul müdürlerinin yaratıcılık davranışları ve mizah anlayışları düzeyine ilişkin algılarını; bu algılarının bazı değişkenlere göre anlamlı farklılık gösterip göstermediğini ve yaratıcılık davranışları ile mizah anlayışları puanları arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir.Araştırmanın örneklemini, İzmir ili Buca, Konak, Dikili, Çeşme, Ödemiş ve Tire ilçelerinde Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı?na bağlı resmi ilköğretim okullarında görev yapan öğretmenler oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem seçiminde okulların bulundukları sosyo-ekonomik çevre dikkate alınmış ve toplam 390 öğretmen ölçekleri yanıtlamıştır. Tarama modeli kullanılan araştırmada, verilerin toplanmasında ?Ne Kadar Yaratıcısınız?? ve ?Mizah Yaşantıları Ölçeği? kullanılmıştır. Verilerin Analizinde, Veri analizlerinde frekans, yüzde (%), aritmetik ortalama (x), standart sapma (Ss), t- testi, Anova ve Pearson Korelosyon Katsayısı teknikleri kullanılmıştır.Araştırma bulgularına göre; cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim düzeyi, branş ve yerleşim biriminin sosyo-ekonomik düzeyi değişkenlerine göre ilköğretim okullarında görev yapan öğretmenlerin, müdürlerin yaratıcılık davranışı gösterme düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesinde anlamlı bir farklılık yoktur. Öğretmenlerin mesleki kıdem değişkenine göre müdürlerin yaratıcılık davranışı gösterme düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesinde anlamlı fark görülmüştür.Araştırma bulgularına göre; cinsiyet değişkenine göre ilköğretim okullarında görev yapan öğretmenlerin, müdürlerin mizah anlayışları gösterme düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesinde anlamlı bir farklılık yoktur. Öğretmenlerin yaş, eğitim düzeyi, mesleki kıdem, branş ve yerleşim biriminin sosyo-ekonomik düzeyine göre müdürlerin mizah anlayışları gösterme düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesinde anlamlı fark görülmüştür.Öğretmenlerin yaratıcılık davranışlarına ilişkin algılarıyla mizah anlayışlarına ilişkin algıları arasında anlamlı, pozitif bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. İlköğretim okulu müdürlerin yaratıcılık davranışları arttıkça mizah anlayışları da artmaktadır. The purpose of this research was to determine primary school teachers? perceptions of the extent of creativity behaviours and sense of humor applications of the primary school administrators; to find out whether teachers? perceptions of primary schools? principals? creativity behaviour and sense of humor vary according to certain veriables and whether there is a significant relationship between the primary school teachers? perceptions of creativity behaviours and their perceptions of humor styles of the primary school administrators.The sampling of the research consists of the teachers and school administrators who have been working in state elementary schools in İzmir?s towns; Buca, Konak, Dikili, Çeşme, Ödemiş ve Tire. The sample was composed of 390 teachers who have been drawn from the three different socio-economic level of districts. ?How Creative Are You?? and ?Humor Styles Questionnaire? were used for data collection in this research that was figured by scanning method. In data analysis, frequency, percent (%), arithmetic average (x) Standard deviation(ss) were computed, t- test, Anova and pearson corelation techniques were used.According to the results in teachers? assesment of primary school principals? creativity behaviours, there isn?t a significant relationship according to gender, age, education level, branch variable and socio-economic level of districts. According to the lenght of service, there have been seen differences in teachers? assesment of primary school principals? creativity behaviours.According to the results in teachers? assesment of primary school principals?sense of humor, there isn?t a significant relationship according to gender. According to age, education level, the lenght of service, branch variable and socio-economic level of districts, there have been seen differences in teachers? assesment of primary school principals? sense of humor. On the other hand, it was found that there is a significant positive correlation between the teachers? perceptions of creativity behaviours and their perceptions of sense of humor of the primary school administrators. The creativity behaviours increases aslongas sense of humor level of primary school administrators ancreases

Inpatient Capacity at Children’s Hospitals during Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Outbreak, United States

Quantifying how close hospitals came to exhausting capacity during the outbreak of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 can help the health care system plan for more virulent pandemics. This ecologic analysis used emergency department (ED) and inpatient data from 34 US children's hospitals. For the 11-week pandemic (H1N1) 2009 period during fall 2009, inpatient occupancy reached 95%, which was lower than the 101% occupancy during the 2008–09 seasonal influenza period. Fewer than 1 additional admission per 10 inpatient beds would have caused hospitals to reach 100% occupancy. Using parameters based on historical precedent, we built 5 models projecting inpatient occupancy, varying the ED visit numbers and admission rate for influenza-related ED visits. The 5 scenarios projected median occupancy as high as 132% of capacity. The pandemic did not exhaust inpatient bed capacity, but a more virulent pandemic has the potential to push children’s hospitals past their maximum inpatient capacity

Feasibility of Web Based Self-Triage by Parents of Children with Influenza-Like Illness

Importance: Self-triage using web-based decision support could be a useful way to encourage appropriate careseeking behavior and reduce health system surge in epidemics. However, the feasibility and safety of this strategy have not previously been evaluated. Objective: To assess the usability and safety of Strategy for Off-site Rapid Triage (SORT) for Kids, a webbased decision support tool designed to translate clinical guidance developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to help parents and adult caregivers determine if a child with influenza-like illness requires immediate care in an emergency department (ED). Design: Prospective pilot validation study conducted between February 8 and April 30, 2012. Staff who abstracted medical records and made follow-up calls were blinded to the SORT algorithm\u27s assessment of the child\u27s level of risk. Setting: Two pediatric emergency departments in the National Capital Region. Participants: Convenience sample of 294 parents and adult caregivers who were at least 18 years of age; able to read and speak English; and the parent or legal guardian of a child 18 years or younger presenting to 1 of 2 EDs with signs and symptoms meeting Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for influenza-like illness. Intervention: Completion of the SORT for Kids survey. Main Outcome Measures: Caregiver ratings of the website\u27s usability and the sensitivity of the underlying algorithm for identifying children who required immediate ED management of influenza-like illness, defined as receipt of 1 or more of 5 essential clinical services. Results: Ninety percent of participants reported that the website was very easy to understand and use. Ratings did not differ by respondent race, ethnicity, or educational attainment. Of the 15 patients whose initial ED visit met explicit criteria for clinical necessity, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention algorithm classified 14 as high risk, resulting in an overall sensitivity of 93.3% (exact 95% CI, 68.1%-99.8%). Specificity of the algorithm was poor. Conclusions and Relevance: This pilot study suggests that web-based decision support to help parents and adult caregivers self-triage children with influenza-like illness is feasible. However, prospective refinement of the clinical algorithm is needed to improve its specificity without compromising patient safety

Engagement and education: care of the critically ill and injured during pandemics and disasters: CHEST consensus statement

BACKGROUND: Engagement and education of ICU clinicians in disaster preparedness is fragmented by time constraints and institutional barriers and frequently occurs during a disaster. We reviewed the existing literature from 2007 to April 2013 and expert opinions about clinician engagement and education for critical care during a pandemic or disaster and offer suggestions for integrating ICU clinicians into planning and response. The suggestions in this article are important for all of those involved in a pandemic or large-scale disaster with multiple critically ill or injured patients, including front-line clinicians, hospital administrators, and public health or government officials. METHODS: A systematic literature review was performed and suggestions formulated according to the American College of Chest Physicians (CHEST) Consensus Statement development methodology. We assessed articles, documents, reports, and gray literature reported since 2007. Following expert-informed sorting and review of the literature, key priority areas and questions were developed. No studies of sufficient quality were identified upon which to make evidence-based recommendations. Therefore, the panel developed expert opinion-based suggestions using a modified Delphi process. RESULTS: Twenty-three suggestions were formulated based on literature-informed consensus opinion. These suggestions are grouped according to the following thematic elements: (1) situational awareness, (2) clinician roles and responsibilities, (3) education, and (4) community engagement. Together, these four elements are considered to form the basis for effective ICU clinician engagement for mass critical care. CONCLUSIONS: The optimal engagement of the ICU clinical team in caring for large numbers of critically ill patients due to a pandemic or disaster will require a departure from the routine independent systems operating in hospitals. An effective response will require robust information systems; coordination among clinicians, hospitals, and governmental organizations; pre-event engagement of relevant stakeholders; and standardized core competencies for the education and training of critical care clinicians