8 research outputs found
Acute Delta Hepatitis in Italy spanning three decades (1991–2019): Evidence for the effectiveness of the hepatitis B vaccination campaign
Updated incidence data of acute Delta virus hepatitis (HDV) are lacking worldwide. Our aim was to evaluate incidence of and risk factors for acute HDV in Italy after the introduction of the compulsory vaccination against hepatitis B virus (HBV) in 1991. Data were obtained from the National Surveillance System of acute viral hepatitis (SEIEVA). Independent predictors of HDV were assessed by logistic-regression analysis. The incidence of acute HDV per 1-million population declined from 3.2 cases in 1987 to 0.04 in 2019, parallel to that of acute HBV per 100,000 from 10.0 to 0.39 cases during the same period. The median age of cases increased from 27 years in the decade 1991-1999 to 44 years in the decade 2010-2019 (p < .001). Over the same period, the male/female ratio decreased from 3.8 to 2.1, the proportion of coinfections increased from 55% to 75% (p = .003) and that of HBsAg positive acute hepatitis tested for by IgM anti-HDV linearly decreased from 50.1% to 34.1% (p < .001). People born abroad accounted for 24.6% of cases in 2004-2010 and 32.1% in 2011-2019. In the period 2010-2019, risky sexual behaviour (O.R. 4.2; 95%CI: 1.4-12.8) was the sole independent predictor of acute HDV; conversely intravenous drug use was no longer associated (O.R. 1.25; 95%CI: 0.15-10.22) with this. In conclusion, HBV vaccination was an effective measure to control acute HDV. Intravenous drug use is no longer an efficient mode of HDV spread. Testing for IgM-anti HDV is a grey area requiring alert. Acute HDV in foreigners should be monitored in the years to come
Tackling rare diseases yet lacking diagnosis and/or prognosis: a pilot project integrating data collection and experimental studies
Altered microRNA Expression Patterns in Hepatoblastoma Patients
Liver cancers in children are rare representing only 1.1% of malignancies, with an annual incidence rate of 1.5 cases per million. Hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinomas are the most common malignancies of the liver occurring in young people aged 15 years or younger. Molecular basis of both tumors are still unclear, and common markers (i.e., CTNNB1, APC, IGF-2) are not always useful in the characterization of sporadic forms; in this respect, microRNA recently associated with carcinogenesis could play a pivotal role in their onset. CTNNB1 and APC were analyzed by sequencing, and IGF-2 promoter methylation status was assessed by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. MicroRNA expression was assayed by microarray and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in hepatoblastoma samples. Although few genomic alterations were detected in ours samples, an altered expression of somemicroRNA in hepatoblastoma was observed. Unsupervised clustering shows that microRNA profile can distinguish tumor from nontumor tissues. Further analyses of microRNA contents in hepatoblastoma compared with hepatocellular carcinoma highlighted four upregulated microRNA (miR-214, miR-199a, miR-150 [P < .01], and miR-125a [P < .05]) and one downregulated microRNA (miR-148a [P < .01]). In conclusion, although our samples were poorly informative from a genetic point of view, they showed a peculiar microRNA expression pattern compared with nontumor tissues and hepatocellular carcinoma. MicroRNA could represent valid markers for the classification of pediatric liver tumors
In utero exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate affects liver morphology and metabolism in post-natal CD-1 mice
In utero exposure to DEHP affects liver morphology, metabolism and glycogen storage in post-natal CD-1 mice
Varia
Ce troisième numéro de la RIEF est encore plus riche que les précédents. Grâce aux soins de Gianni Iotti et d’Hélène de Jacquelot, vous y trouverez pour la première fois une section thématique : nous y publions les communications du colloque Lumières Romantiques, organisé par le « Seminario di Filologia Francese », à Pise, les 22 et 23 novembre 2012. Les rubriques, d’autre part, continuent à se caractériser par leur grande variété. Dans Le point sur, Sandra Teroni discute l’opposition manichéenne traditionnelle entre Sartre et Camus, sur laquelle le centenaire de Camus nous invite aujourd’hui à la réflexion. Vous trouverez une contribution théorique et un guide fiable pour la pratique de la traduction du vers classique dans la rubrique Seuils poétiques, où Flavia Marotti recueille des traductions commentées d’œuvres en vers du XVIIe siècle. Dans Rencontres, notre directeur interroge Paolo Tortonese à propos de son livre L'Homme en action. La représentation littéraire d'Aristote à Zola (Classiques Garnier, 2013), consacré aux théories de la vraisemblance, d’Aristote à Gérard Genette. La rubrique Documents offre un texte inédit d’Irène Némirovsky, écrit probablement pour la radio, Vie de l’impératrice Joséphine, commenté par Teresa M. Lussone. Enfin, dans la rubrique Bibliographies nous publions la vaste bibliographie d’Arnaldo Pizzorusso, grand maître de la « francesistica » italienne, récemment disparu, auquel nous avions dédié le numéro 2 de notre revue. Dans les trois numéros publiés, les articles de spécialistes attitrés côtoient ceux de vaillants jeunes chercheurs. Les articles des uns et des autres ont systématiquement été examinés par deux lecteurs anonymes ; plusieurs articles ont été refusés ou soumis à révision. La consigne de sévérité et d’ouverture que nous nous sommes donnée a été récompensée par la quantité de propositions d’articles parvenus et le nombre de visiteurs de notre site
