Evolución de la comunidad de moluscos del lago Sabaudia: causas antropogénicas

The evolution of the molluscan biota in Sabaudia Lake (Italy, central Tyrrhenian Sea) in the last century is hereby traced on the basis of bibliography, museum type materials, and field samplings carried out from April 2009 to September 2011. Biological assessments revealed clearly distinct phases, elucidating the definitive shift of this human-induced coastal lake from a freshwater to a marine-influenced lagoon ecosystem. Records of marine subfossil taxa suggest that previous accommodations to these environmental features have already occurred in the past, in agreement with historical evidence. Faunal and ecological insights are offered for its current malacofauna, and special emphasis is given to alien species. Within this framework, Mytilodonta Coen, 1936, Mytilodonta paulae Coen, 1936 and Rissoa paulae Coen in Brunelli and Cannicci, 1940 are also considered new synonyms of Mytilaster Monterosato, 1884, Mytilaster marioni (Locard, 1889) and Rissoa membranacea (J. Adams, 1800). Finally, human-driven environmental changes and cumulative anthropogenic pressures proved to be the whole driver of the constitution of the human-induced malacofauna studied, casting doubts on the correct use of the definition of "native fauna"

Različit, ali isti: uz pomoć DNA identifikacije otkrivena iznenađujuća obojenost primjeraka Sredozemnog morskog puža stražnjoškržnjaka (Mollusca: Nudibranchia)

A peculiar eolid nudibranch showing an unknown chromatic array was found in a rocky bottom of Santa Maria al Bagno, in the Salento peninsula, Ionian Sea (Central Mediterranean Sea). This specimen, initially identified as Piseinotecus sp., was observed in situ and photographed while feeding and laying eggs close to individuals belonging to the Mediterranean Piseinotecus soussi. To assess the identity of this unexpected Piseinotecus ‘white morph’, a DNA identification approach was carried out using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), as it is the molecular marker mostly used to distinguish nudibranchs species. The molecular analysis unambiguously identified this specimen as Piseinotecus soussi and helped to shed lights on the striking intraspecific colour variability characterizing this rare species.Neobični primjerak eolidnog morskog puža stražnjoškržnjaka s dosad nezabilježenim obojenjem pronađen je na stjenovitom dnu lokaliteta Santa Maria al Bagno na poluotoku Salentu u Jonskom moru (središnje Sredozemno more). Ovaj primjerak, prvobitno identificiran kao Piseinotecus sp., promatran je i fotografiran dok se hranio i polagao jaja u blizini jedinki koje pripadaju sredozemnoj vrsti Piseinotecus soussi. Kako bi se otkrio identitet ovog neobičnog „bijelog oblika“ Piseinotecus sp. primjerka, provedena je identifikacija DNA pomoću mitohondrijske podjedinice citokrom c oksidaze I (COI), budući da je to molekularni marker koji se uglavnom koristi za razlikovanje vrsta stražnjoškržnjaka. Molekularna analiza nedvojbeno je identificirala ovaj primjerak kao Piseinotecus soussi i pomogla da se rasvijetli upečatljiva intraspecifična varijabilnost obojenja koja karakterizira ovu rijetku vrstu

Hierarchical Control of a Team of Quadrotors for Cooperative Active Target Tracking

International audienceThis paper proposes a novel active target tracking strategy for a team of cooperating quadrotors equipped with 3-D range-finding sensors. The work builds upon previous research of the authors, and adopts a realistic nonlinear dynamic model for the quadrotors. A hierarchical controller is designed for the generation and tracking of the desired optimal trajectories of the aerial vehicles, and a discrete-time Kalman filter is used for fusing their local estimates of the target position. Under suitable conditions, it is shown that the cost function for the D-optimality criterion that the quadrotors aim at collaboratively reduce, possesses a single global minimum and no local minima. Numerical simulations and real-world experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy

Spermine oxidase (SMO) activity in breast tumor tissues and biochemical analysis of the anticancer spermine analogues BENSpm and CPENSpm

Background: Polyamine metabolism has a critical role in cell death and proliferation representing a potential target for intervention in breast cancer (BC). This study investigates the expression of spermine oxidase (SMO) and its prognostic significance in BC. Biochemical analysis of Spm analogues BENSpm and CPENSpm, utilized in anticancer therapy, was also carried out to test their property in silico and in vitro on the recombinant SMO enzyme. Methods: BC tissue samples were analyzed for SMO transcript level and SMO activity. Student’s t test was applied to evaluate the significance of the differences in value observed in T and NT samples. The structure modeling analysis of BENSpm and CPENSpm complexes formed with the SMO enzyme and their inhibitory activity, assayed by in vitro experiments, were examined. Results: Both the expression level of SMO mRNA and SMO enzyme activity were significantly lower in BC samples compared to NT samples. The modeling of BENSpm and CPENSpm complexes formed with SMO and their inhibition properties showed that both were good inhibitors. Conclusions: This study shows that underexpression of SMO is a negative marker in BC. The SMO induction is a remarkable chemotherapeutical target. The BENSpm and CPENSpm are efficient SMO inhibitors. The inhibition properties shown by these analogues could explain their poor positive outcomes in Phases I and II of clinical trials