31 research outputs found

    Suivi à long terme de la chirurgie conservatrice de la valve mitrale (expérience rouennaise de 2001 à 2011)

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    L'insuffisance mitrale est la deuxiĂšme valvulopathie la plus opĂ©rĂ©e en Europe. La plastie mitrale en est le traitement de choix. But de l'Ă©tude : Etudier le taux de rĂ©-intervention, le taux de survie Ă  long terme, et les facteurs prĂ©dictifs d'Ă©chec de la chirurgie conservatrice de la valve mitrale MatĂ©riel et MĂ©thode : Nous avons rĂ©alisĂ©, au sein du service de chirurgie cardiaque du centre hospitalier universitaire de Rouen, une Ă©tude rĂ©trospective du 1er janvier 2001 au 31 dĂ©cembre 2011, avec inclusion de toutes les plasties mitrales successivement rĂ©alisĂ©es durant cette pĂ©riode, quelle que soit l'Ă©tiologie de la fuite mitrale. L Ă©chec de la rĂ©paration nĂ©cessitant un remplacement valvulaire mitral durant la mĂȘme procĂ©dure constituait l unique critĂšre d exclusion. RĂ©sultats : Durant cette dĂ©cennie, 426 patients consĂ©cutifs ont Ă©tĂ© opĂ©rĂ©s d une plastie mitrale dans le service. Parmi eux, il y avait 137 femmes (32%) et 289 hommes (68%), avec un Ăąge moyen de 62 +- 13 ans ; 93 patients (22%) Ă©taient symptomatiques avec une dyspnĂ©e stade 1 de la NYHA, 157 en stade 2 (37%), 150 en stade 3 (36%) et 20 patients (10%) dyspnĂ©iques au moindre effort. La fuite mitrale Ă©tait sĂ©vĂšre, supĂ©rieure ou Ă©gale au grade 3 Ă©chocardiographique, dans 95% des plasties ; 25 patients ont bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d une plastie mitrale en urgence. L Ă©tiologie principale des rĂ©gurgitations Ă©tait l atteinte dĂ©gĂ©nĂ©rative retrouvĂ©e chez 350 patients soit 82% de la population. Une endocardite Ă©tait rapportĂ©e chez 21 patients, soit 5% de la population, une dilatation significative de l anneau dans 21 cas de plasties, et 26 patients ont Ă©tĂ© opĂ©rĂ©s d une IM fonctionnelle ischĂ©mique. Seuls 8 cas de plasties sur valve mitrale rhumatismale ont Ă©tĂ© retrouvĂ©s. Les deux techniques les plus utilisĂ©es Ă©taient la rĂ©section quadrangulaire de la petite valve (RQPV) et le recours aux nĂ©ocordages, respectivement dans 193 cas pour la RQPV (45%), et chez 207 patients pour les nĂ©ocordages (48,5%). La mortalitĂ© hospitaliĂšre Ă©tait de 1,2%. Sur les 426 patients Ă©tudiĂ©s, une rĂ©-intervention fĂ»t nĂ©cessaire chez 25 patients soit 6,1% de la population. Le taux de succĂšs de la plastie Ă©tait de 88,3% et le nombre moyen d annĂ©es sans rĂ©-intervention Ă©tait de 11,5 annĂ©es IC95% [11,2- 11,8]. Sur le suivi Ă  long terme, un total de 39 dĂ©cĂšs (10%) a Ă©tĂ© retrouvĂ© Ă  la fin des 10 annĂ©es de suivi. La survie Ă©tait en moyenne de 10,8 annĂ©es IC95% [10,4-11,3] et le taux de survivants Ă  10 ans de suivi Ă©tait de 78,5%. Les deux facteurs prĂ©dictifs de rĂ©-intervention retrouvĂ©s dans notre Ă©tude Ă©taient, d une part l atteinte dĂ©gĂ©nĂ©rative de la valve antĂ©rieure (OR=3,4 IC95% [1,05-9,8] ; p=0,02), et, d autre part, la prĂ©sence d une fuite mitrale au moins grade 2 sur l Ă©chocardiographie rĂ©alisĂ©e Ă  la sortie (OR=6,7 IC95% [2-22] ; p=0,001). Conclusion : L'expĂ©rience rouennaise confirme que la plastie mitrale est une technique chirurgicale efficace et sĂ»re dans le traitement des fuites mitrales sĂ©vĂšres.ROUEN-BU MĂ©decine-Pharmacie (765402102) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Résultats cliniques comparés de la chirurgie coronarienne sous circulation extracorporelle (CEC), Mini-CEC et coeur battant

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    La chirurgie à coeur battant (CB) et la mini-CEC sont 2 méthodes qui visent à réduire le traumatisme lié à la CEC en chirurgie coronarienne. Ces 3 méthodes ont été utilisées parallÚlement dans notre service sur la période du 01/01/2001 au 30/06/2002. L'objectif a été d'évaluer leurs avantages respectifs. Matériels et méthodes : Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective. 392 patients ont bénéficié de pontages et ont été répartis en deux populations en fonction de leur Euroscore : Euroscore 0-3 et Euroscore 4+. Les 3 techniques ont été comparées au sein de chaque population d'Euroscore. la répartitio dans chque population était la suivante : Euroscore 0-3 : CEC : 82 , Mini - CEC : 44, CB : 71; Euroscore 4+ : CEC : 97, Mini-CEC : 30, CB : 68. Le nombre de pontage / patient était : Euroscore 0-3 : CEC : 2,8 +- 0,6; Mini-CEC : 2,6+-0,6 ; CB : 2,3 +- 0,5. Euroscore 4+ : CEC : 2,6 +- 0,6; Mini -CEC : 2,6+-0,7 ; CB : 2,4 +- 0,5. Conclusion : La MECC apporte un confort opératoire comparable à la CEC. La transfusion péri-opératoire, l'incidence de 'insuffisance rénale, des pneumopathies sont réduites mais moins que dans la chirurgie à coeur battant.ROUEN-BU Médecine-Pharmacie (765402102) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Insuffisance tricuspide en 2023 : modalités de traitement pour la valve oubliée

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    The negative impact of tricuspid regurgitation on prognosis in now well established. It also appears clear that surgical and possibly percutaneous treatment should be performed before reaching a point of no return with advanced heart failure and deterioration of right ventricle function. Percutaneous treatment has been divided into coaptation restoration devices, annuloplasty devices, and ortho- or heterotopic valve replacement. The present article offers a brief review of diagnostic modalities beyond echocardiography, surgical treatment as well as of the multiple recent development in the percutaneous treatment of this frequent condition.L’impact pronostique dĂ©favorable de l’insuffisance tricuspide (IT) est maintenant bien Ă©tabli, ainsi que la nĂ©cessitĂ© d’intervenir chirurgicalement ou de maniĂšre percutanĂ©e lorsque le traitement mĂ©dicamenteux est insuffisant. Des donnĂ©es rĂ©centes suggĂšrent par ailleurs qu’il est probablement judicieux d’intervenir avant qu’un stade trop avancĂ© d’insuffisance cardiaque et d’atteinte du ventricule droit ne soit atteint. Le traitement percutanĂ© est divisĂ© en dispositifs de restauration de la coaptation valvulaire, d’annuloplastie et de remplacement de valve ortho ou hĂ©tĂ©rotopique. Cet article propose une brĂšve revue des modalitĂ©s diagnostiques au-delĂ  de l’échocardiographie, du traitement chirurgical ainsi que des multiples dĂ©veloppements rĂ©cents dans le traitement percutanĂ© de cette pathologie frĂ©quente

    Cardiac surgery and repair of pectus deformities: When and how?

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    International audienceThere is currently a lack of recommendations about patients with pectus deformities requiring cardiac surgery. This study reports the results of our surgical strategy on this issue

    Priming of Cardiopulmonary Bypass with Human Albumin Decreases Endothelial Dysfunction after Pulmonary Ischemia–Reperfusion in an Animal Model

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    The routine use of mechanical circulatory support during lung transplantation (LTx) is still controversial. The use of prophylactic human albumin (HA) or hypertonic sodium lactate (HSL) prime in mechanical circulatory support during LTx could prevent ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injuries and pulmonary endothelial dysfunction and thus prevent the development of pulmonary graft dysfunction. The objective was to investigate the impact of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) priming with HA and HSL compared to a CPB prime with Gelofusine (GF) on pulmonary endothelial dysfunction in a lung IR rat model. Rats were assigned to four groups: IR-CPB-GF group, IR-CPB-HA group, IR-CPB-HSL group and a sham group. The study of pulmonary vascular reactivity by wire myograph was the primary outcome. Glycocalyx degradation (syndecan-1 and heparan) was also assessed by ELISA and electron microscopy, systemic and pulmonary inflammation by ELISA (IL-1ÎČ, IL-10, and TNF-α) and immunohistochemistry. Clinical parameters were evaluated. We employed a CPB model with three different primings, permitting femoral–femoral assistance with left pulmonary hilum ischemia for IR. Pulmonary endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine was significantly decreased in the IR-CPB-GF group (11.9 ± 6.2%) compared to the IR-CPB-HA group (52.8 ± 5.2%, p &lt; 0.0001), the IR-CPB-HSL group (57.7 ± 6.3%, p &lt; 0.0001) and the sham group (80.8 ± 6.5%, p &lt; 0.0001). We did not observe any difference between the groups concerning glycocalyx degradation, and systemic or tissular inflammation. The IR-CPB-HSL group needed more vascular filling and developed significantly more pulmonary edema than the IR-CPB-GF group and the IR-CPB-HA group. Using HA as a prime in CPB during Ltx could decrease pulmonary endothelial dysfunction’s IR-mediated effects. No effects of HA were found on inflammation.</jats:p

    Position paper for the evaluation and management of oral status in patients with valvular disease: Groupe de Travail Valvulopathies de la Societe Francaise de Cardiologie, Societe Frangaise de Chinirgie Orale, Societe Frangaise de Parodontologie et d'Implantologie Orale, Societe Frangaise d'Endodontie et Societe de Pathologie Infectieuse de Langue Frangaise

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    International audienceOral health is of particular importance in patients with heart valve diseases because of the risk of infective endocarditis. Recommendations for antibiotic prophylaxis before dental procedures have been restricted, but the modalities of oral evaluation and dental care are not detailed in guidelines. Therefore, a multidisciplinary working group reviewed the literature to propose detailed approaches for the evaluation and management of buccodental status in patients with valvular disease. Simple questions asked by a non-dental specialist may draw attention to buccodental diseases. Besides clinical examination, recent imaging techniques are highly sensitive for the detection of inflammatory bone destruction directly related to oral or dental infection foci. The management of buccodental disease before cardiac valvular surgery should be adapted to the timing of the intervention. Simple therapeutic principles can be applied even before urgent intervention. Restorative dentistry and endodontic and periodontal therapy can be performed before elective valvular intervention and during the follow-up of patients at high risk of endocarditis. The detection and treatment of buccodental foci of infection should follow specific rules in patients who present with acute endocarditis. Implant placement is no longer contraindicated in patients at intermediate risk of endocarditis, and can also be performed in selected high-risk patients. The decision for implant placement should follow an analysis of general and local factors increasing the risk of implant failure. The surgical and prosthetic procedures should be performed in optimal safety conditions. It is therefore now possible to safely decrease the number of contraindicated dental procedures in patients at risk of endocarditis. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved

    Cardiopulmonary bypass increases endothelial dysfunction after pulmonary ischaemia-reperfusion in an animal model

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    Abstract OBJECTIVES Endothelial dysfunction during ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) is a major cause of primary graft dysfunction during lung transplantation. The routine use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during lung transplantation remains controversial. However, the contribution of CPB to pulmonary endothelial dysfunction remains unclear. The objective was to investigate the impact of CPB on endothelial dysfunction in a lung IR rat model. METHODS Rats were allocated to 4 groups: (i) Sham, (ii) IR, (iii) CPB and (iv) IR-CPB. The primary outcome was the study of pulmonary vascular reactivity by wire myograph. We also assessed glycocalyx degradation by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and electron microscopy and both systemic and pulmonary inflammation by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry. Rats were exposed to 45 min of CPB and IR. We used a CPB model allowing femoro-femoral support with left pulmonary hilum ischaemia for IR. RESULTS Pulmonary endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine was markedly reduced in the IR-CPB group (10.7 ± 9.1%) compared to the IR group (50.5 ± 5.2%, P &lt; 0.001), the CPB group (54.1 ± 4.7%, P &lt; 0.001) and the sham group (80.8 ± 6.7%, P &lt; 0.001), suggesting that the association of pulmonary IR and CPB increases endothelial dysfunction. In IR-CPB, IR and CPB groups, vasorelaxation was completely abolished when inhibiting nitric oxide synthase, suggesting that this relaxation process was mainly mediated by nitric oxide. We observed higher syndecan-1 plasma levels in the IR-CPB group in comparison with the other groups, reflecting an increased degradation of glycocalyx. We also observed higher systemic inflammation in the IR-CPB group as shown by the increased plasma levels of IL-1ÎČ, IL-10. CONCLUSIONS CPB significantly increased the IR-mediated effects on pulmonary endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, the use of CPB during lung transplantation could be deleterious, by increasing endothelial dysfunction
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