Report on Two Cases of Adequate Medical Support System Using the Japanese Version of Kid-KINDL Questionnaire for Children with ADHD

We are investigating whether medical support improves not only the core symptoms of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but also their quality of life (QOL) using the Japanese version of the Kid-KINDLR (for ages 7-13 years) questionnaire (Kid-KINDLR). Herein, we report two cases of adequate medical support using Kid-KINDLR for children with ADHD. Case 1 is a 9-year-old boy. The Kid-KINDLR questionnaire revealed that this patient had conflict with his father; however, the father was unaware of such situation and had no understanding of the conflict. In addition to medical treatment, we advised his father to ascertain a good relationship with his son in order to better understand him. Case 2 is an 8-year-old boy who showed a decreasing self-esteem score after administration of medicine, despite improvements in his ADHD symptoms. We considered that the medicine had improved both his self-discernment and his relationships with others, indicating that the medical support was more effective in case 2 than in case 1. The Kid-KINDLR Questionnaire, and in particular the self-esteem scores, enabled us to understand the QOL changes in the reported cases. We speculated that children with ADHD have a greater obstacle of self-discernment than children showing normal development. However, such children may learn to recognize the concept of self-esteem, and we conclude that it is necessary to support these patients with specialized care to improve their ability to compare themselves with others

Are lifetime prevalence of impetigo, molluscum and herpes infection really increased in children having atopic dermatitis?

Background: Cutaneous infections such as impetigo contagiosum (IC), molluscum contagiosum (MC) and herpes virus infection (HI) appear to be associated with atopic dermatitis (AD), but there are no reports of concrete epidemiological evidence. Objective: We evaluated the association of childhood AD with these infections by conducting a population-based cross-sectional study. Methods: Enrolled in this study were 1117 children aged 0–6 years old attending nursery schools in Ishigaki City, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. Physical examination was performed by dermatologists, and a questionnaire was completed on each child's history of allergic diseases including AD, asthma, allergic rhinitis and egg allergy, and that of skin infections including IC, MC and HI, as well as familial history of AD. Results: In 913 children (AD; 132), a history of IC, MC or HI was observed in 45.1%, 19.7%, and 2.5%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds of having a history of IC were 1.8 times higher in AD children than in non-AD children. Meanwhile, a history of MC was significantly correlated to the male gender, but not to a personal history of AD. As for HI, we found no correlated factors in this study. Conclusions: The lifetime prevalence of IC was indeed higher in young children with a history of AD