Comparing Standard Care with a Physician and Pharmacist Team Approach for Uncontrolled Hypertension

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of a physician and pharmacist teamwork approach to uncontrolled hypertension in a medical resident teaching clinic, for patients who failed to meet the recommended goals of the fifth Joint National Commission on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. HYPOTHESIS: Physician and pharmacist teamwork can improve the rate of meeting national blood pressure goals in patients with previously uncontrolled hypertension. DESIGN: A single-blinded randomized controlled trial lasting 6 months. SETTING: A primary care outpatient teaching clinic. PATIENTS: A sample of 95 adult hypertensive patients who failed to meet national blood pressure goals based on three consecutive visits over a 6-month period. INTERVENTION: Patients were randomly assigned to a control arm of standard medical care or to an intervention arm in which a physician and pharmacist worked together as a team. MAIN RESULTS: At study completion, the percentage of patients achieving national goals due to intervention was more than double the percentage in the control arm (55% vs 20%, p < .001). Systolic blood pressure declined 23 mm Hg in the intervention arm versus 11 mm Hg in the control arm (p < .01). Diastolic blood pressure declined 14 and 3 mm Hg in the intervention and control arms, respectively (p < .001). The intervention worked equally as well in men and women and demonstrated noticeable promise in a minority of mixed-ancestry Hawaiians in whom hypertension is of special concern. CONCLUSIONS: Patients who fail to achieve national blood pressure goals under standard outpatient medical care may benefit from a program that includes a physician and pharmacist teamwork approach

Aluminium dependent human diseases, and chelating properties of aluminium chelators for bio-medical applications

1. Introduction 2. Aluminium metabolism 2.1 Intestinal aluminium absorption 2.2 Aluminium transport in blood 2.3 Tissue distribution 2.4 Brain uptake and efflux 2.5 Aluminium excretion 3. Solution chemistry of aluminium 4. Chelating agents 5. Crystal structures of selected Al(III) complexes 5.1. Al-(6O) complexes 5.2. Al-(4O,2N) complexes 5.3. Al-(3O,3N) complexes 6. Reference