Razne učene bilješke Pietra Mazzucchellija o Instituciji Marka Marulića

Pietro Mazzucchelli (1762-1829), svećenik milanske biskupije, pošto je postigao doktorat iz teologije, odmah potom, radeći u Biblioteca Ambrosiana, postao je cijenjen stručnjak za orijentalne i moderne jezike. Godine 1798. u Biblioteku je primljen s naslovom scrittore; 1810. postao je članom Collegio dei Dottori, a 1823. prefektom Ambrosiane. Mazzuccheli je bio vrstan latinist, epigrafičar i ekspert za starine. Među ostalim, bavio se talijanskom književnošću te 1819. objavio komentar grofa Lorenza Magalottija (1637-1712) o prvih pet pjevanja Danteova Pakla, te drugih djela Tassa i Annibalea Cara. Osobito se posvetio milanskoj povijesti, posebice povijesti liturgije. Među njegovim prvim radovima, koji su ostali u rukopisu, i ove su bilješke komentara na talijanski prijevod Marulićeve Institucije. Iz tekstualnih navoda proizlazi da je on u rukama imao venecijansko izdanje iz 1574, krnji primjerak bez naslovnice, kako se sam žali u svom rukopisu datiranom 4. siječnja 1801. Njegove osobne bilješke na Marulićev tekst mogu se definirati kao “bilješke s raznih područja učenosti”, s obzirom na to da ne proizlaze iz jedinstvenog i isključivog pogleda na Splićaninov tekst, nego su određene različitim interesima koje od slučaja do slučaja u njemu izaziva spis koji razmatra. Tako se pojavljuju raznovrsne bilješke s obzirom na pitanja: lingvistike (glede nekih talijanskih izraza Nanninijeva prijevoda); opće povijesti (izvori, događaji, mjesta, datumi, likovi); povijesti liturgije (sakramentalna i devocionalna praksa); biblijska (navodi tekstova, hermeneutika, kronologija), kao i pitanja s obzirom na sadržaj (etički problemi, običaji). Iz Mazzucchellijeva se rada izvlače barem dva zaključka: prije svega zapaža se ozbiljnost tog znanstvenika koji je kritički manirom erudita analizirao spise što ih je čitao, u ovom slučaju ne službeno, nego za osobne potrebe, možda u vezi s propovijedanjem; na drugom je mjestu znakovito da se krajem 18. i početkom 19. st. nastavlja zanimanje za Marulića i njegov utjecaj u Milanu u obrazovanim i elitističkim krugovima Ambrosiane

“Oxaliplatin plus high dose folinic acid and 5-fluoruracil i.v. bolus (OXAFAFU) versus irinotecan plus high dose folinic acid and 5-fluoruracil i.v. bolus (IRIFAFU) in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma: Southern Italy Cooperative Oncology Group trial 0103”

PURPOSE: The primary end point of this phase III trial was to compare the response rate (RR) of oxaliplatin (OXA) plus levo-folinic acid (l-FA) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) bolus with that of irinotecan (IRI) plus l-FA and 5-FU bolus in advanced colorectal carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with measurable metastatic colorectal carcinoma were randomly allocated to receive: IRI 200 mg/m(2) on day 1, l-FA 250 mg/m(2) intravenously plus 5-FU 850 mg/m(2) on day 2 (IRIFAFU); or OXA 100 mg/m(2) on day 1, l-FA 250 mg/m(2) plus 5-FU 1050 mg/m(2) on day 2 [OXAFAFU high dose (hd)]. Cycles were given every 2 weeks. After a planned interim analysis, OXA was reduced to 85 mg/m(2) and 5-FU to 850 mg/m(2) [OXAFAFU low dose (ld)]. RESULTS: Two hundred and seventy-four patients (IRIFAFU, 135; OXAFAFUhd, 71; OXAFAFUld, 68) were treated. Forty-two confirmed responses were achieved with IRIFAFU, 29 with OXAFAFUhd and 32 with OXAFAFUld. The response rate with OXAFAFU [44%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 35% to 52%] was significantly higher (P=0.029) than that of IRIFAFU (31%; 95% CI 23% to 40%). Occurrence of grade > or =3 neutropenia with OXAFAFUld was similar to that for IRIFAFU (29% versus 31%), while severe diarrhoea was significantly lower (12% versus 24%). Median failure-free survival (7 versus 5.8 months; P=0.046) and overall survival of patients (18.9 versus 15.6 months; P=0.032) were significantly prolonged with OXAFAFU. CONCLUSIONS: OXAFAFU was more active and less toxic than IRIFAFU, and it should be preferred in the first-line treatment of advanced colorectal cancer patients

Multifractal modeling of anomalous scaling laws in rainfall

The coupling of hydrological distributed models to numerical weather predictions outputs is an important issue for hydrological applications such as forecasting of flood events. Downscaling meteorological predictions to the hydrological scales requires the resolution of two fundamental issues regarding precipitation, namely: 1) understanding the statistical properties and scaling laws of rainfall fields; 2) validation of downscaling models that are able to preserve statistical characteristics observed in real precipitation. In this paper we discuss the first issue by introducing a new multifractal model that appears particularly suitable for random generation of synthetic rainfall. We argue that the results presented in this paper may be also useful for the solution of the second question. Statistical behavior of rainfall in time is investigated through a high resolution time series recorded in Genova (Italy). The multifractal analysis shows the presence of a temporal threshold, localized around 10÷20 hours, which separates two ranges of anomalous scaling laws. Synthetic time series, characterized by very similar scaling laws to the observed one, are generated with the multifractal model. The potential of the model for extreme rainfall event distributions is also discussed. The multifractal analysis of GATE radar fields have shown that statistical properties of rainfall in space depend on time durations over which precipitation is accumulated. Further analysis of some rainfall fields produced with a meteorological limited area model exhibited the same anomalous scaling as the GATE fields

Electrochemistry of inherently chiral molecular materials with bisindole atropisomeric cores: interacting equivalent redox sites, configurational stability, and enantioselection ability for different chiral probes

In "inherently chiral" molecules chirality and key functional properties originate from the same structural element, and are thus strictly linked together. In the case of poly(hetero)aromatic electroactive molecules, this can be achieved by inserting in the main conjugated backbone a tailored torsion with an energy barrier too high to be overcome at room temperature, while not entirely hampering conjugation. This strategy results in outstanding chirality manifestations. including e.g. circularly polarized luminescence as well as outstanding enantiorecognition ability in CV experiments. For instance, large peak potential differences were observed for the enantiomers of different chiral probes on electroactive surfaces obtained by electrooligomerization of inherently chiral monomers having atropisomeric (= with hindered rotation between two moieties) bibenzothiophene (Fig 1A) or bithiophene cores. [1-4]. An interesting option is also to change the thiophene-based atropisomeric cores with 2,2'-bisindole and 3,3'-bisindole ones (Fig 1B and 1C), on account of the easy functionalization of the core e.g. with long alkyl chains, modulating solubility and processability. A B C Figure 1 R = H or C1-C6 alkyl chains; Spacer = phenyl or nothing (oligothiophene wing attached to core) The change also leads to quite interesting modifications in the electrochemical activity. Since indole is electron richer than thiophene, the first two oxidations take place at significantly less positive potentials than in the former cases, and are localized on the two interacting moieties of the bisindole core rather than on the terminal wings; thus, they are chemically reversible (oligomerization can be achieved cycling around the third oxidation peak). A peculiar attractive feature concerns the interaction between the two equivalent redox centers in the biindole core, which can be evaluated from the potential difference between the corresponding oxidation peak: it can be shown that it can account for the atropisomeric energy barrier (depending on the 2,2' or 3,3' connectivity and on the N-alkyl substituents), and is also modulated by temperature and the solvent polarity. Thus electrochemistry can provide information on the torsional energy barrier and on the enantiomer stability, as confirmed by other approaches. Besides the intrinsic interest of these inherently chiral families, they are also quite attractive from the applicative point of view, since enantioselectivity test on films obtained by electrooligomerization of the more stable 2,2' monomers yield large potential differences for the antipodes of very different chiral probes, also of pharmaceutical interest. The current support of Fondazione Cariplo/Regione Lombardia "Avviso congiunto per l\u2019incremento dell\u2019attrattivit\ue0 del sistema di ricerca lombardo e della competitivit\ue0 dei ricercatori candidati su strumenti ERC - edizione 2016\u201d (Project 2016-0923) to our inherently chiral research is gratefully acknowledged. References: 1. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 2623. 2. Chem. Eur. J. 2014, 20, 15298. 3. Chem. Sci. 2015, 6,1706. 4. Chem. Eur.2016 , 22,10839. 5. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2016, 408, 7243

Aggiornamenti in tema di tutela della salute occupazionale dei lavoratori della sanità

The board of the Thematic Section on Preventive Medicine for Health Care Workers of the Italian Society of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene (SIMLII) programmed a national conference on occupational risks of health care workers to be held in late 2009. Main topics will be: a) biohazards; b) biomechanical risk; c) psychosocial factors. Three different working groups were established to tackle critical aspects and suggest practical recommendations to occupational health professionals. Preliminary issues are presented while final results will be presented at the conference on September 2009. © PI-ME, 2008

Prospective randomized trial of docetaxel versus doxorubicin in patients with metastatic breast cancer

Purpose: This phase III study compared docetaxel and doxorubicin in patients with metastatic breast cancer who had received previous alkylating agent-containing chemotherapy

Italian guidelines for primary headaches: 2012 revised version

The first edition of the Italian diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for primary headaches in adults was published in J Headache Pain 2(Suppl. 1):105–190 (2001). Ten years later, the guideline committee of the Italian Society for the Study of Headaches (SISC) decided it was time to update therapeutic guidelines. A literature search was carried out on Medline database, and all articles on primary headache treatments in English, German, French and Italian published from February 2001 to December 2011 were taken into account. Only randomized controlled trials (RCT) and meta-analyses were analysed for each drug. If RCT were lacking, open studies and case series were also examined. According to the previous edition, four levels of recommendation were defined on the basis of levels of evidence, scientific strength of evidence and clinical effectiveness. Recommendations for symptomatic and prophylactic treatment of migraine and cluster headache were therefore revised with respect to previous 2001 guidelines and a section was dedicated to non-pharmacological treatment. This article reports a summary of the revised version published in extenso in an Italian version

Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Introduzione alla vita beata

L'Essere e il sapere, l'Assoluto e l'immagine compaiono, assieme agli argomenti filosofico-religiosi condotti sul rapporto d'amore fra Dio e le sue creature mutuati dall'Evangelo di Giovanni, nella strutturazione di questo ciclo di conferenze tenute ogni domenica mattina presso l'Accademia delle Scienze di Berlino nel gennaio-marzo 1806. Ecco la guida che il filosofo offre a chi si abbandoni cos\uec interamente alla propria finitezza da lasciarsi folgorare nella visione, sulla strada della vita beat