Del acueducto al alcázar

Copia digital. Valladolid : Junta de Castilla y León. Consejería de Cultura y Turismo, 2009-201

Transition of plasmodium sporozoites into liver stage-like forms is regulated by the RNA binding protein pumilio

Many eukaryotic developmental and cell fate decisions that are effected post-transcriptionally involve RNA binding proteins as regulators of translation of key mRNAs. In malaria parasites (Plasmodium spp.), the development of round, non-motile and replicating exo-erythrocytic liver stage forms from slender, motile and cell-cycle arrested sporozoites is believed to depend on environmental changes experienced during the transmission of the parasite from the mosquito vector to the vertebrate host. Here we identify a Plasmodium member of the RNA binding protein family PUF as a key regulator of this transformation. In the absence of Pumilio-2 (Puf2) sporozoites initiate EEF development inside mosquito salivary glands independently of the normal transmission-associated environmental cues. Puf2- sporozoites exhibit genome-wide transcriptional changes that result in loss of gliding motility, cell traversal ability and reduction in infectivity, and, moreover, trigger metamorphosis typical of early Plasmodium intra-hepatic development. These data demonstrate that Puf2 is a key player in regulating sporozoite developmental control, and imply that transformation of salivary gland-resident sporozoites into liver stage-like parasites is regulated by a post-transcriptional mechanism

Low appendicular muscle mass is correlated with femoral neck bone mineral density loss in postmenopausal women

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>After menopause, rapid bone mass loss occurs in response to hypoestrogenism. Several studies suggest that muscle mass and bone mineral density (BMD) are positively associated in postmenopausal women. Therefore, it may be assumed that postmenopausal low appendicular muscle mass (aMM) can increase BMD loss in a short period of time.</p> <p>Objective</p> <p>The purpose of this study was to assess relationship of aMM with femoral neck BMD in postmenopausal women.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Prospective, controlled clinical Trial including 64 women aged 45-70 years, who had not had their last menstruation for at least one year. Subjects were divided into two groups: low aMM (n = 32), and normal aMM (n-32). Femoral neck BMD and muscle mass were measured by DXA at baseline and after twelve months. Pairwise and independent t tests were used for data analysis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Baseline weight, BMI and muscle mass (total and appendicular) significantly differ between groups (p < 0.05). After twelve months, femoral neck BMD was significantly lower in the group with low aMM, whereas no significant difference was observed in the group with normal aMM (p < 0.05).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In postmenopausal women, low appendicular muscle mass is associated negatively with femoral neck BMD in a short period of time.</p

Consciência fonológica em adultos não alfabetizados

Resumo: OBJETIVO: analisar a estimativa da habilidade em consciência fonológica de adultos não alfabetizados. MÉTODOS: participaram da pesquisa 44 adultos, de ambos os sexos, com a idade superior a 28 anos. Os adultos foram divididos em dois grupos, a saber: (1) não alfabetizados, (2) alfabetizados na infância. Utilizou-se os seguintes instrumentos: Ficha sobre dados sociodemográficos; Teste de Habilidades Preditoras da Leitura (THPL), composto por tarefas de rima, aliteração e segmentação, administrados de forma individual e em um tablet. RESULTADOS: ocorreu diferença significante na estimativa de habilidade em consciência fonológica entre os dois grupos. Destaca-se que a habilidade na tarefa de rimar foi significantemente superior no grupo de adultos alfabetizados. Observou-se que a tarefa de segmentar palavras foi considerada a mais difícil. Os resultados sugerem um padrão de habilidade, a saber: Aliteração > rima > segmentação. Um dado interessante refere-se ao tempo de execução da tarefa; foi verificado que houve diferença estatisticamente significante no que se refere ao tempo de execução das tarefas de aliteração, segmentação e rima entre os dois grupos analisados. CONCLUSÃO: ao verificar a correlação entre tempo de execução e habilidade na tarefa, foi possível perceber que a correlação não ocorreu nos dois grupos da mesma forma: no grupo de alfabetizados houve correlação positiva e no grupo de não alfabetizados correlação negativa

Dietary factors associated with metabolic syndrome in Brazilian adults

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is defined as the association of numerous factors that increase cardiovascular risk and diet is one of the main factors related to increase the MS in the population. This study aimed to evaluate the association of diet on the presence of MS in an adult population sample.</p> <p>Methodology</p> <p>305 adults were clinically screened to participate in a lifestyle modification program. Anthropometric assessments included waist circumference (WC), body fat and calculated BMI (kg/m²) and muscle-mass index (MMI kg/m²). Dietary intake was estimated by 24 h dietary recall. Fasting blood was used for biochemical analysis. MS was diagnosed using NCEP-ATPIII (2001) criteria with adaptation for glucose (≥ 100 mg/dL). Logistic regression (Odds ratio) was performed in order to determine the odds ratio for developing MS according to dietary intake.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>An adequate intake of fruits, OR = 0.52 (CI:0.28-0.98), and an intake of more than 8 different items in the diet (variety), OR = 0.31 (CI:0.12-0.79) showed to be a protective factor against a diagnosis of MS. Saturated fat intake greater than 10% of total caloric value represented a risk for MS diagnosis, OR = 2.0 (1.04-3.84).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Regarding the dietary aspect, a risk factor for MS was higher intake of saturated fat, and protective factors were high diet variety and adequate fruit intake.</p