Classical and Quantum-like approaches to Charged-Particle Fluids in a Quadrupole

A classical description of the dynamics of a dissipative charged-particle fluid in a quadrupole-like device is developed. It is shown that the set of the classical fluid equations contains the same information as a complex function satisfying a Schrodinger-like equation in which Planck's constant is replaced by the time-varying emittance, which is related to the time-varying temperature of the fluid. The squared modulus and the gradient of the phase of this complex function are proportional to the fluid density and to the current velocity, respectively. Within this framework, the dynamics of an electron bunch in a storage ring in the presence of radiation damping and quantum-excitation is recovered. Furthermore, both standard and generalized (including dissipation) coherent states that may be associated with the classical particle fluids are fully described in terms of the above formalism.Comment: LaTex, to appear in Physica Script

COVID-19 NHS infection control strategy: errare humanum est, perseverare autem diabolicum

A recent BMJ Editorial (“Getting it right in the pandemic”) has discussed examples of countries that have done better than others in responding to COVID‐19 pandemic and, conversely, those policymakers and health systems that got it wrong. (Loder, 2020) There is little doubt that, when facing a pandemic with a high speed of onset and transmission, “nobody should be surprised that errors were made” (Adebowale et al, 2020) and “what it was done some weeks ago is not what we would do today”

Coherent States for Particle Beams in the Thermal Wave Model

In this paper, by using an analogy among {\it quantum mechanics}, {\it electromagnetic beam optics in optical fibers}, and {\it charge particle beam dynamics}, we introduce the concept of {\it coherent states} for charged particle beams in the framework of the {\it Thermal Wave Model} (TWM). We give a physical meaning of the Gaussian-like coherent structures of charged particle distribution that are both naturally and artificially produced in an accelerating machine in terms of the concept of coherent states widely used in quantum mechanics and in quantum optics. According to TWM, this can be done by using a Schr\"{o}dinger-like equation for a complex function, the so-called {\it beam wave function} (BWF), whose squared modulus is proportional to the transverse beam density profile, where Planck's constant and the time are replaced by the transverse beam emittance and by the propagation coordinate, respectively. The evolution of the particle beam, whose initial BWF is assumed to be the simplest coherent state (ground-like state) associated with the beam, in an infinite 1-D quadrupole-like device with small sextupole and octupole aberrations, is analytically and numerically investigated.Comment: 21 pages, Late

Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Associated with Antiangiogenics in Antiresorptive-Naive Patient: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature

Objectives. To review the available literature on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) associated with antiangiogenics in antiresorptive-naïve individuals. Methods. A literature search was performed using MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science in December 2017. Results. We identified reports describing a total of 35 antiresorptive drugs-naïve patients who developed antiangiogenic-related MRONJ. The mean age of these patients was 59.06 years and the F : M ratio was 4 : 5. The most common underlying disease was metastatic renal cell cancer. Pain to the mandible was the most common complaint (34.29%) and the majority of patients presented with bone exposure. The mean duration of intravenous and oral antiangiogenics before MRONJ development was 6.5 and 16.72 months, respectively. The most common additional risk factor was dental extraction (37.14%). Almost half of the MRONJ patients (48.57%) received surgical treatment. 18 patients (62.06%) were reported to have disease resolution within an average time of 6.75 months. Conclusion. MRONJ associated with antiangiogenic therapy in antiresorptive-naïve patients is a rare but potentially serious adverse effect. Available data suggests that there might be notable differences between MRONJ associated with antiangiogenics and antiresorptives; however, further prospective well-designed studies are required

Self modulated dynamics of a relativistic charged particle beam in plasma wake field excitation

Self modulated dynamics of a relativistic charged particle beam is reviewed within the context of the theory of plasma wake field excitation. The self-consistent description of the beam dynamics is provided by coupling the Vlasov equation with a Poisson-type equation relating the plasma wake potential to the beam density. An analysis of the beam envelope self-modulation is then carried out and the criteria for the occurrence of the instability are discussed thereby.Comment: This is a 10 pages manuscript which contain 4 figures. This manuscript is recently submitted in 'Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A' as a proceeding of the conference 'EAAC 2015

Orofacial Granulomatosis

Orofacial granulomatosis (OFG) is an uncommon chronic inflammatory disorder of the orofacial region. It is characterized by subepithelial noncaseating granulomas and has a spectrum of possible clinical manifestations ranging from subtle oral mucosal swelling to permanent disfiguring fibrous swelling of the lips and face. Etiopathogenesis is unknown. A range of systemic granulomatous disorders, including Crohn disease and sarcoidosis, may cause orofacial manifestations that cannot be distinguished from those of OFG. Treatment of OFG has proven difficult and unsatisfactory, with no single therapeutic model showing consistent efficacy in reducing orofacial swelling and mucosal inflammation

Image Correlation-Based Identification of Fracture Parameters for Structural Adhesives

We consider the identification problem of a cohesive model using kinematic full-field data obtained via digital image correlation during the fracture test of an adhesive joint. A criterion is presented for selecting measurements that exhibit optimal features for identification purposes. The proposed selection scheme is constructed using the sensitivity information and its performances are evaluated at varying noise-to-signal ratio

Psychosocial impacts of oral epithelial dysplasia

BACKGROUND: The psychosocial impact of receiving the diagnosis of oral epithelial dysplasia, which presents up to 3.5% increased annual risk of mouth cancer, remain unknown. Using validated instruments, the present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and existing correlations between anxiety, depression and dental anxiety symptoms and burden on oral health-related quality of life. METHODS: A clinical cohort of 82 patients with oral dysplasia was asked to complete the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale and the shortened version of the Oral Health Impact Profile. Spearman's correlation coefficient and regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: The participants' scores were in keeping with the presence of anxiety, depression and emotional distress symptoms in 30%, 16%, and 26%, respectively. However, 69% experienced anxiety related to procedures that may be required as part of long-term management of oral dysplasia (e.g. local anaesthetic injection). The oral-health related quality of life scores showed 41.5% reporting a recent daily problem due to their oral or dental health. Significant correlations [p > 0.05] were found among and between all of the used instruments. Being a female with oral dysplasia also predicted increased odds of indicating higher anxiety and dental anxiety scores than males [p > 0.05]. CONCLUSION: Oral dysplasia can adversely impact on the psychosocial well-being of affected persons. Establishing a causal relationship between the measured variables may, however, be challenging and would need further longitudinal studies