The Effect Of The Conditions Of The Treatment Of Gel On The Crystallinity Of The Layered Compound Zirconium (iv) Bis(phosphite)

The conditions of treatment of gels obtained by the reaction of Zr4+ and H3PO3 with the formation of layered compound Zr(HPO3)2. nH2O are analyzed. An increase of the degree of crystallinity with the molar ratio H3PO3/Zr4+ was observed. For conditions where the ratio is < 5:1 the X-ray patterns indicate that a non-crystalline material is formed. The FTIR spectra show that the P-H stretching mode (∼2460 cm-) is very sensitive to the organization of the layers. The temperature and time of gel treatment also increases the degree of crystallinity. The combination of these parameters allows us to modulate the crystallinity of this material. © 1990.1211-398103 IEEE Computer Society,West Virginia UniversityPublisher: IEEE Computer SocietyClearfield, (1984) J. Molec. Catal., 27, p. 251Alberti, Costantino, (1984) J. Molec. Catal., 27, p. 235Clearfield, (1982) Inorganic Ion Exchange Materials, , CRC Press, Boca Raton, FLWittingham, Jacobson, (1982) Intercalation Chemistry, , Academic Press, New YorkAvduevskaya, Mironova, (1970) Neorg. Mat., 6, p. 391Dines, DiGiacomo, (1981) Inorg. Chem., 20, p. 92Alberti, Costantino, Perego, (1986) J. Solid State Chem., 63, p. 455Elving, Olson, (1955) Anal. Chem., 27, p. 1817Bernhardt, Wreath, Colorimetric Determination of Phosphorus by Modified Phosphomolybdate Method (1955) Analytical Chemistry, 27, p. 440Clearfield, Thomas, (1969) Inorg. Nucl. Chem. Lett., 5, p. 775Clearfield, Smith, (1969) Inorg. Chem., 8, p. 431Tsuboi, (1957) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 79, p. 1351Garrido, (1989) MS thesis, , UNICAM

Preparation Of Zr(iv)/nb(v) Nasicon-like Phosphates By A Sol-gel Method - Code: Dp21

The NbZr(PO4)3 and Na0.5Nb0.5Zr1.5(PO4)3 Nasicon-like phases were prepared by the sol-gel method using (NH4)3 [NbO(C2O4)3]·1.5H2O, ZrOCl2·8H2O and NH4H2PO4 in oxalic or tartaric acid mediums. The thermal evolution of the xerogels prepared was followed by XRD and IR techniques. Depending on reaction conditions, such as, pH and Zr4+/organic acid ratio, pure Nasicon-like phases can be prepared at different temperatures. © 1994 Kluwer Academic Publishers.21-342142

Synthesis And Hyperfine Interactions Of The Amine Intercalates Of Feocl

Some amine derivatives were intercalated into the van der Waals gap of layered compound FeOCl. These compounds were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The isomer shift and the quadrupole splitting are characteristic of the high-spin ferric iron. The magnetic structure of FeOCl was affected by intercalation of amine molecules in the interlayer region of FeOCl. The magnetic hyperfine field in the low temperature is larger in the intercalates than it is in unintercalated FeOCl. The sign of the EFG tensor at the iron atom is dependent of the type of amine intercalated. © 1991 J.C. Baltzer A.G. Scientific Publishing Company.661-427928

Ionic Conductivity And Structural Characterization Of Na1.5nb0.3zr1.5(po4)3 With Nasicon-type Structure

The NASICON-type Na1.5Nb0.3Zr1.5(PO4)3 was prepared by solid state reaction of Nb2O5 and the precursor γ-NaHZr(PO4)2 at 700°C. The EPR spectra showed a signal with a g factor of 1.984 assigned to Nb (IV) species in octahedral oxygen environments. The X-ray powder diffraction pattern obtained with monochromatic radiation was indexed on the basis of a rhombohedral cell, the hexagonal parameters being aH = 8.8061(2) and cH = 22.7638(7) Å. The Na+ ion conduction was measured by the complex impedance method (frequency range: 0.1-105 Hz; temperature range: 20-500°C) on four pellets previously sintered at 450, 750, 900 and 1000°C. The conductivity data are discussed in relation to the sintering temperature. An activation energy of 0.60 eV for the movement of Na+ ions in the NASICON framework has been found.10001/02/15127134Goodenough, J.B., Hong, H.Y.-P., Kafalas, J.A., (1976) Mat. Res. Bull., 11, p. 203Hagman, L., Kierkegaard, P., (1968) Acta Chem. 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Acute heart failure congestion and perfusion status – impact of the clinical classification on in-hospital and long-term outcomes; insights from the ESC-EORP-HFA Heart Failure Long-Term Registry

Aims: Classification of acute heart failure (AHF) patients into four clinical profiles defined by evidence of congestion and perfusion is advocated by the 2016 European Society of Cardiology (ESC)guidelines. Based on the ESC-EORP-HFA Heart Failure Long-Term Registry, we compared differences in baseline characteristics, in-hospital management and outcomes among congestion/perfusion profiles using this classification. Methods and results: We included 7865 AHF patients classified at admission as: ‘dry-warm’ (9.9%), ‘wet-warm’ (69.9%), ‘wet-cold’ (19.8%) and ‘dry-cold’ (0.4%). These groups differed significantly in terms of baseline characteristics, in-hospital management and outcomes. In-hospital mortality was 2.0% in ‘dry-warm’, 3.8% in ‘wet-warm’, 9.1% in ‘dry-cold’ and 12.1% in ‘wet-cold’ patients. Based on clinical classification at admission, the adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for 1-year mortality were: ‘wet-warm’ vs. ‘dry-warm’ 1.78 (1.43–2.21) and ‘wet-cold’ vs. ‘wet-warm’ 1.33 (1.19–1.48). For profiles resulting from discharge classification, the adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for 1-year mortality were: ‘wet-warm’ vs. ‘dry-warm’ 1.46 (1.31–1.63) and ‘wet-cold’ vs. ‘wet-warm’ 2.20 (1.89–2.56). Among patients discharged alive, 30.9% had residual congestion, and these patients had higher 1-year mortality compared to patients discharged without congestion (28.0 vs. 18.5%). Tricuspid regurgitation, diabetes, anaemia and high New York Heart Association class were independently associated with higher risk of congestion at discharge, while beta-blockers at admission, de novo heart failure, or any cardiovascular procedure during hospitalization were associated with lower risk of residual congestion. Conclusion: Classification based on congestion/perfusion status provides clinically relevant information at hospital admission and discharge. A better understanding of the clinical course of the two entities could play an important role towards the implementation of targeted strategies that may improve outcomes. © 2019 The Authors. European Journal of Heart Failure © 2019 European Society of Cardiolog

Association between loop diuretic dose changes and outcomes in chronic heart failure: observations from the ESC-EORP Heart Failure Long-Term Registry

Aims: Guidelines recommend down-titration of loop diuretics (LD) once euvolaemia is achieved. In outpatients with heart failure (HF), we investigated LD dose changes in daily cardiology practice, agreement with guideline recommendations, predictors of successful LD down-titration and association between dose changes and outcomes. Methods and results: We included 8130 HF patients from the ESC-EORP Heart Failure Long-Term Registry. Among patients who had dose decreased, successful decrease was defined as the decrease not followed by death, HF hospitalization, New York Heart Association class deterioration, or subsequent increase in LD dose. Mean age was 66 ± 13 years, 71% men, 62% HF with reduced ejection fraction, 19% HF with mid-range ejection fraction, 19% HF with preserved ejection fraction. Median [interquartile range (IQR)] LD dose was 40 (25–80) mg. LD dose was increased in 16%, decreased in 8.3% and unchanged in 76%. Median (IQR) follow-up was 372 (363–419) days. Diuretic dose increase (vs. no change) was associated with HF death [hazard ratio (HR) 1.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12–2.08; P = 0.008] and nominally with cardiovascular death (HR 1.25, 95% CI 0.96–1.63; P = 0.103). Decrease of diuretic dose (vs. no change) was associated with nominally lower HF (HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.33–1.07; P = 0.083) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 0.62,. 95% CI 0.38–1.00; P = 0.052). Among patients who had LD dose decreased, systolic blood pressure [odds ratio (OR) 1.11 per 10 mmHg increase, 95% CI 1.01–1.22; P = 0.032], and absence of (i) sleep apnoea (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.09–0.69; P = 0.008), (ii) peripheral congestion (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.29–0.80; P = 0.005), and (iii) moderate/severe mitral regurgitation (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.37–0.87; P = 0.008) were independently associated with successful decrease. Conclusion: Diuretic dose was unchanged in 76% and decreased in 8.3% of outpatients with chronic HF. LD dose increase was associated with worse outcomes, while the LD dose decrease group showed a trend for better outcomes compared with the no-change group. Higher systolic blood pressure, and absence of (i) sleep apnoea, (ii) peripheral congestion, and (iii) moderate/severe mitral regurgitation were independently associated with successful dose decrease. © 2020 European Society of Cardiolog