52 research outputs found
Energy and Momentum densities of cosmological models, with equation of state , in general relativity and teleparallel gravity
We calculated the energy and momentum densities of stiff fluid solutions,
using Einstein, Bergmann-Thomson and Landau-Lifshitz energy-momentum complexes,
in both general relativity and teleparallel gravity. In our analysis we get
different results comparing the aforementioned complexes with each other when
calculated in the same gravitational theory, either this is in general
relativity and teleparallel gravity. However, interestingly enough, each
complex's value is the same either in general relativity or teleparallel
gravity. Our results sustain that (i) general relativity or teleparallel
gravity are equivalent theories (ii) different energy-momentum complexes do not
provide the same energy and momentum densities neither in general relativity
nor in teleparallel gravity. In the context of the theory of teleparallel
gravity, the vector and axial-vector parts of the torsion are obtained. We show
that the axial-vector torsion vanishes for the space-time under study.Comment: 15 pages, no figures, Minor typos corrected; version to appear in
International Journal of Theoretical Physic
Nonlinear Gravitational Waves: Their Form and Effects
A gravitational wave must be nonlinear to be able to transport its own
source, that is, energy and momentum. A physical gravitational wave, therefore,
cannot be represented by a solution to a linear wave equation. Relying on this
property, the second-order solution describing such physical waves is obtained.
The effects they produce on free particles are found to consist of nonlinear
oscillations along the direction of propagation.Comment: 15 pages, no figures. v2: presentation changes aiming at clarifying
the text; matches published versio
Energy and Momentum Distributions of Kantowski and Sachs Space-time
We use the Einstein, Bergmann-Thomson, Landau-Lifshitz and Papapetrou
energy-momentum complexes to calculate the energy and momentum distributions of
Kantowski and Sachs space-time. We show that the Einstein and Bergmann-Thomson
definitions furnish a consistent result for the energy distribution, but the
definition of Landau-Lifshitz do not agree with them. We show that a signature
switch should affect about everything including energy distribution in the case
of Einstein and Papapetrou prescriptions but not in Bergmann-Thomson and
Landau-Lifshitz prescriptions.Comment: 12 page
A General Relativistic Model for Magnetic Monopole-Infused Compact Objects
Emergent concepts from astroparticle physics are incorporated into a
classical solution of the Einstein-Maxwell equations for a binary
magnetohydrodynamic fluid, in order to describe the final equilibrium state of
compact objects infused with magnetic monopoles produced by proton-proton
collisions within the intense dipolar magnetic fields generated by these
objects during their collapse. It is found that the effective mass of such an
object's acquired monopolar magnetic field is three times greater than the mass
of its native fluid and monopoles combined, necessitating that the interior
matter undergo a transition to a state of negative pressure in order to attain
equilibrium. Assuming full symmetry between the electric and magnetic Maxwell
equations yields expressions for the monopole charge density and magnetic field
by direct analogy with their electrostatic equivalents; inserting these into
the Einstein equations then leads to an interior metric which is well-behaved
from the origin to the surface, where it matches smoothly to an exterior
magnetic Reissner-Nordstr\"om metric free of any coordinate pathologies. The
source fields comprising the model are all described by simple, well-behaved
polynomial functions of the radial coordinate, and are combined with
straightforward regularity conditions to yield expressions delimiting several
fundamental physical parameters pertaining to this hypothetical astrophysical
object.Comment: Accepted for publication in "Astrophysics and Space Science.
General Relativistic Singularity-Free Cosmological Model
We "explain", using a Classical approach, how the Universe was created out of
"nothing", i.e., with no input of initial energy nor mass. The inflationary
phase, with exponential expansion, is accounted for, automatically, by our
equation of state for the very early Universe. This is a Universe with
no-initial infinite singularity of energy density.Comment: Astrophysics and Space Science, 321,157 (2009
The Pioneer Anomaly and a Machian Universe
We discuss astronomical and astrophysical evidence, which we relate to the
principle of zero-total energy of the Universe, that imply several relations
among the mass M, the radius R and the angular momentum L of a "large" sphere
representing a Machian Universe. By calculating the angular speed, we find a
peculiar centripetal acceleration for the Universe. This is an ubiquituous
property that relates one observer to any observable. It turns out that this is
exactly the anomalous acceleration observed on the Pioneers spaceships. We have
thus, shown that this anomaly is to be considered a property of the Machian
Universe. We discuss several possible arguments against our proposal.Comment: 6 pages including front page. Publishe
The gravitational interaction of light: from weak to strong fields
An explanation is proposed for the fact that pp-waves superpose linearly when
they propagate parallely, while they interact nonlinearly, scatter and form
singularities or Cauchy horizons if they are antiparallel. Parallel pp-waves do
interact, but a generalized gravitoelectric force is exactly cancelled by a
gravitomagnetic force. In an analogy, the interaction of light beams in
linearized general relativity is also revisited and clarified, a new result is
obtained for photon to photon attraction, and a conjecture is proved. Given
equal energy density in the beams, the light-to-light attraction is twice the
matter-to-light attraction and four times the matter-to-matter attraction.Comment: 17 pages, LaTeX, no figures. To appear in General Relativity and
Gravitatio
Energy and Momentum Densities Associated with Solutions Exhibiting Directional Type Singularities
We obtain the energy and momentum densities of a general static axially
symmetric vacuum space-time described by the Weyl metric, using Landau-Lifshitz
and Bergmann-Thomson energy-momentum complexes. These two definitions of the
energy-momentum complex do not provide the same energy density for the
space-time under consideration, while give the same momentum density. We show
that, in the case of Curzon metric which is a particular case of the Weyl
metric, these two definitions give the same energy only when .
Furthermore, we compare these results with those obtained using Einstein,
Papapetrou and M{\o}ller energy momentum complexes.Comment: 10 pages, references added, minor corrections [Admin note:
substantial overlap with gr-qc/0403097 , gr-qc/0403039
Gravitational Collapse of Null Radiation and a String fluid
We consider the end state of collapsing null radiation with a string fluid.
It is shown that, if diffusive transport is assumed for the string, that a
naked singularity can form (at least locally). The model has the advantage of
not being asymptotically flat. We also analyse the case of a radiation-string
two-fluid and show that a locally naked singularity can result in the collapse
of such matter. We contrast this model with that of strange quark matter.Comment: RevTeX 4.0 (8 pages - no figures). submitted to Phys Rev D. Some
changes to abstract, introduction and conclusion - references update
The averaged tensors of the relative energy-momentum and angular momentum in general relativity and some their applications
There exist at least a few different kind of averaging of the differences of
the energy-momentum and angular momentum in normal coordinates {\bf NC(P)}
which give tensorial quantities. The obtained averaged quantities are
equivalent mathematically because they differ only by constant scalar
dimensional factors. One of these averaging was used in our papers [1-8] giving
the {\it canonical superenergy and angular supermomentum tensors}.
In this paper we present another averaging of the differences of the
energy-momentum and angular momentum which gives tensorial quantities with
proper dimensions of the energy-momentum and angular momentum densities. But
these averaged relative energy-momentum and angular momentum tensors, closely
related to the canonical superenergy and angular supermomentum tensors, {\it
depend on some fundamental length }.
The averaged relative energy-momentum and angular momentum tensors of the
gravitational field obtained in the paper can be applied, like the canonical
superenergy and angular supermomentum tensors, to {\it coordinate independent}
analysis (local and in special cases also global) of this field.
We have applied the averaged relative energy-momentum tensors to analyze
vacuum gravitational energy and momentum and to analyze energy and momentum of
the Friedman (and also more general) universes. The obtained results are very
interesting, e.g., the averaged relative energy density is {\it positive
definite} for the all Friedman universes.Comment: 30 pages, minor changes referring to Kasner universe
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