10 research outputs found
The Effect of Processing Method of Dolichos Bean (Lablab purpureus L. Sweet) on the Digestibility and Perfonnance of Growing-finishing pigs
Tanzania Journal of Agricultural Sciences (TAJAS), 1998; I (2): 121-130A 4 x 4 Latin sqf!.are experiment was carried out using 4 bancows to investigate the effect of
processing method on the digestibility ofnutrients of dolichos beans and nitrogen retention in
pigs. Four diets were formulated to contain the control diet with 0.09 soybean meal or 0.33 of
the control diet and O. 67 of each of either raw, boiled or roasted dolichos bean meal in diets I,
II, III and IV, respectively. In another experiment, four diets were formulated such that O. 18
of raw (Diet 2), boiled (Diet 3) or roasted (Diet 4) dolichos bean meals replaced the 0.09 soybean
meal contained in the contro[,(Diet I). These diets were ded to 12female and 12 castrated
male pigs in a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement. Feed intake, growth performance and
slaughter characteristics were evaluated. Mean values of crude protein digestability and nitrogen
retention in the raw dolichos meal (50.6% and 18g/d) were relatively lower than in the
processed meals (p ~ 0.05). The' corresponding values for boiled dolichos meal were higher
(p < 0.05) than those of roasted meal (73.6% versus 65.2% and 12.8g/dversus 8. 7g/d)~ Animals
fed on the raw dolichos diet (Diet 2) had significantly lower growth rates and poorer feed
conversion ratio. The two parameters were improved on the animals fed on heat-treated dolichos
diets. It was concluded that thermC!-processing, particularly boiling greatly improved
nutrient availability and overall utilisation of dolichos bean meal for pigs
The Effect of Processing Method of Dolichos Bean (Lablab purpureus L. Sweet) on the Digestibility and Perfonnance of Growing-finishing pigs
Tanzania Journal of Agricultural Sciences (TAJAS), 1998; I (2): 121-130A 4 x 4 Latin sqf!.are experiment was carried out using 4 bancows to investigate the effect of
processing method on the digestibility ofnutrients of dolichos beans and nitrogen retention in
pigs. Four diets were formulated to contain the control diet with 0.09 soybean meal or 0.33 of
the control diet and O. 67 of each of either raw, boiled or roasted dolichos bean meal in diets I,
II, III and IV, respectively. In another experiment, four diets were formulated such that O. 18
of raw (Diet 2), boiled (Diet 3) or roasted (Diet 4) dolichos bean meals replaced the 0.09 soybean
meal contained in the contro[,(Diet I). These diets were ded to 12female and 12 castrated
male pigs in a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement. Feed intake, growth performance and
slaughter characteristics were evaluated. Mean values of crude protein digestability and nitrogen
retention in the raw dolichos meal (50.6% and 18g/d) were relatively lower than in the
processed meals (p ~ 0.05). The' corresponding values for boiled dolichos meal were higher
(p < 0.05) than those of roasted meal (73.6% versus 65.2% and 12.8g/dversus 8. 7g/d)~ Animals
fed on the raw dolichos diet (Diet 2) had significantly lower growth rates and poorer feed
conversion ratio. The two parameters were improved on the animals fed on heat-treated dolichos
diets. It was concluded that thermC!-processing, particularly boiling greatly improved
nutrient availability and overall utilisation of dolichos bean meal for pigs
Technological interventions for promoting smallholder integrated farming:a case study of Turiani, Morogoro, Tanzania
Empirical assessment of short-term preferences of tropical forages by crossbred bull calves
Short-term preference studies were carried out with growing calves based on diets of local grass
forages found in Turiani division, Morogoro, Tanzania. Four intact crossbred male calves aged 7 - 8
months and weighing 82.75 kg were used. Four grass species were provided either singly [Panicum
maximum (T1), Panicum trichocladum (T2), Pennisetum purpureum (T3) and Rottboelia cochinchinensis
(T4)] or in combinations of two forages in equal proportions [P. maximum + P. trichocladum (M1), P.
maximum + R. cochinchinensis (M2), P. trichocladum + R. cochinchinensis (M3) and P. purpureum + P.
trichocladum (M4)]. The single grass species and mixtures were respectively fed for four days. Animals
were simultaneously observed while each animal was feeding on one of the four treatments in
sequential periods of 15 min each in random orders (1, 2, 3 and 4) every test-day. The amounts of
herbage eaten were estimated by differences between offered and left feed. The intake rate of 15.72
gDM/min, bite rate of 5.31 bites/min and bite mass of 3.11 g/bite for T3 was significantly higher (P < 0.05)
than other single grass forages. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between intake rate of T1
(9.78 g/min) and T2 (9.36 g/min). Total DM intake of M3 and M4 of 224.54 and 232.52 g/15 min
respectively were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of M1 and M2. All grass mixtures had bite
mass significantly different (P < 0.05) from each other although that of 3.34 gDM/bite M4 was the highest
thus suggesting that whether singly or in mixture P. purpureum was the most preferred grass forage in
the study area. It is concluded that in order to optimize DM intake farmers should consider the type of
grasses and their level of inclusion in grass mixture depending on their preference by cattl
Empirical assessment of short-term preferences of tropical forages by crossbred bull calves
Short-term preference studies were carried out with growing calves based on diets of local grass
forages found in Turiani division, Morogoro, Tanzania. Four intact crossbred male calves aged 7 - 8
months and weighing 82.75 kg were used. Four grass species were provided either singly [Panicum
maximum (T1), Panicum trichocladum (T2), Pennisetum purpureum (T3) and Rottboelia cochinchinensis
(T4)] or in combinations of two forages in equal proportions [P. maximum + P. trichocladum (M1), P.
maximum + R. cochinchinensis (M2), P. trichocladum + R. cochinchinensis (M3) and P. purpureum + P.
trichocladum (M4)]. The single grass species and mixtures were respectively fed for four days. Animals
were simultaneously observed while each animal was feeding on one of the four treatments in
sequential periods of 15 min each in random orders (1, 2, 3 and 4) every test-day. The amounts of
herbage eaten were estimated by differences between offered and left feed. The intake rate of 15.72
gDM/min, bite rate of 5.31 bites/min and bite mass of 3.11 g/bite for T3 was significantly higher (P < 0.05)
than other single grass forages. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between intake rate of T1
(9.78 g/min) and T2 (9.36 g/min). Total DM intake of M3 and M4 of 224.54 and 232.52 g/15 min
respectively were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of M1 and M2. All grass mixtures had bite
mass significantly different (P < 0.05) from each other although that of 3.34 gDM/bite M4 was the highest
thus suggesting that whether singly or in mixture P. purpureum was the most preferred grass forage in
the study area. It is concluded that in order to optimize DM intake farmers should consider the type of
grasses and their level of inclusion in grass mixture depending on their preference by cattl