180 research outputs found
MR Imaging of Perianal Crohn Disease: The Role of Contrast-enhanced Sequences
The MR imaging protocol described
by the authors includes contrast-enhanced
T1-weighted imaging with fat
saturation in all patients except those
with poor renal function. Horsthuis et
al demonstrated in 2009 the usefulness
of contrast-enhanced MR imaging
for determining disease activity. Contrast
agent administration is also required
in case of suspicion of neoplastic
tissue complicating fistulas. The joint
European Crohn\u2019s and Colitis Organisation\u2013European
Society of Gastointestinal
and Abdominal Radiology guidelines
report that T2-weighted images and
contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images
are included in the MR imaging protocol
for the evaluation of perianal CD.
However, as we have demonstrated, an axial T2-weighted fast spinecho
sequence with fat saturation, in
particular the short inversion time inversion-recovery
(STIR) sequence, is
a valid alternative to postcontrast T1-
weighted fat-saturated imaging, allowing
the identification of the primary
fistula and any secondary ramification
The Videofluorographic Swallowing Study in Rheumatologic Diseases: A Comprehensive Review
Autoimmune connective tissue diseases are a heterogeneous group of pathologies that affect about 10% of world population with chronic evolution in 20%-80%. Inflammation in autoimmune diseases may lead to serious damage to other organs including the gastrointestinal tract. Gastrointestinal tract involvement in these patients may also due to both a direct action of antibodies against organs and pharmacological therapies. Dysphagia is one of the most important symptom, and it is caused by failure of the swallowing function and may lead to aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, dehydration, weight loss, and airway obstruction. The videofluorographic swallowing study is a key diagnostic tool in the detection of swallowing disorders, allowing to make an early diagnosis and to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal and pulmonary complications. This technique helps to identify both functional and structural anomalies of the anatomic chain involved in swallowing function. The aim of this review is to systematically analyze the basis of the pathological involvement of the swallowing function for each rheumatological disease and to show the main features of the videofluorographic study that may be encountered in these patients
Magnetic resonance imaging of the cirrhotic liver in the era of gadoxetic acid
Gadoxetic acid improves detection and characterization of focal liver lesions in cirrhotic patients and can estimate liver function in patients undergoing liver resection. The purpose of this article is to describe the optimal gadoxetic acid study protocol for the liver, the unique characteristics of gadoxetic acid, the differences between gadoxetic acid and extra-cellular gadolium chelates, and the differences in phases of enhancement between cirrhotic and normal liver using gadoxetic acid. We also discuss how to obtain and recognize an adequate hepatobiliary phase
Acceptance of non-invasive computed tomography coronary angiography: for a patient-friendly medicine
PURPOSE:
This study was done to evaluate the psychological state and anxiety of patients undergoing computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA), and assess their acceptance and satisfaction compared to invasive conventional coronary angiography (CCA).
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A total of 442 consecutive patients (282 male; mean age 57.7 ± 9.5 years) who underwent CTCA for suspected or known coronary artery disease were evaluated with the Endler Multimodality Anxiety Scales (EMAS) before and after the scan, and a questionnaire administered after the scan. Among the 442 patients, 181 had a history of CCA. Two radiologists assessed the image quality of CTCA.
RESULTS:
Anxiety was more intense prior to the scan (EMAS score 51.7 vs. 46.7, p < 0.01) and in patients with a history of CCA (EMAS score 55.5 vs. 49.1, p < 0.01). Women presented more intense anxiety (EMAS score 59.5 vs. 47.3, p < 0.01), higher mean heart rate (63.5 ± 7.6 vs. 60.7 ± 7.3 beats per minute, p < 0.01) and a lower image quality than men (p < 0.0001). CTCA proved to be more acceptable than CCA because of accurate preparation, lower concern prior to the examination, negligible pain, higher comfort, and greater overall satisfaction (p < 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS:
Computed tomography coronary angiography is a patient-friendly imaging method because of the minimal perceived discomfort. Anxiety may affect CTCA image quality in women
EVALUATION OF MESENTERIC CHANGES WITH ELASTOSONOGRAPHY AND DIFFUSION-WEIGHTED MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN PATIENTS WITH CROHN'S DISEASE: PRELIMINARY RESULTS
Abdomen, Small bowel, Gastrointestinal tract, Elastography,
MR, Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis, Diagnostic
procedure, Motilit
Cemented fixed-bearing PFC total knee arthroplasty: survival and failure analysis at 12–17 years
Comparison of 1.0 M gadobutrol and 0.5 M gadopentate dimeglumine-enhanced MRI in 471 patients with known or suspected renal lesions: results of a multicenter, single-blind, interindividual, randomized clinical phase III trial
Management of peripheral facial nerve palsy
Peripheral facial nerve palsy (FNP) may (secondary FNP) or may not have a detectable cause (Bell’s palsy). Three quarters of peripheral FNP are primary and one quarter secondary. The most prevalent causes of secondary FNP are systemic viral infections, trauma, surgery, diabetes, local infections, tumor, immunological disorders, or drugs. The diagnosis of FNP relies upon the presence of typical symptoms and signs, blood chemical investigations, cerebro-spinal-fluid-investigations, X-ray of the scull and mastoid, cerebral MRI, or nerve conduction studies. Bell’s palsy may be diagnosed after exclusion of all secondary causes, but causes of secondary FNP and Bell’s palsy may coexist. Treatment of secondary FNP is based on the therapy of the underlying disorder. Treatment of Bell’s palsy is controversial due to the lack of large, randomized, controlled, prospective studies. There are indications that steroids or antiviral agents are beneficial but also studies, which show no beneficial effect. Additional measures include eye protection, physiotherapy, acupuncture, botulinum toxin, or possibly surgery. Prognosis of Bell’s palsy is fair with complete recovery in about 80% of the cases, 15% experience some kind of permanent nerve damage and 5% remain with severe sequelae
Collateral non cardiac findings in clinical routine CT coronary angiography: results from a multi-center registry
Clinical and Radiologic Assessments to Predict Breast Cancer Pathologic Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
To prospectively compare the ability of clinical examination, mammography, vascularity-sensitive ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine pathologic complete response (CR) in breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44230/1/10549_2005_Article_2510.pd
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