From spinal central pattern generators to cortical network: integrated BCI for walking rehabilitation

Success in locomotor rehabilitation programs can be improved with the use of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Although a wealth of research has demonstrated that locomotion is largely controlled by spinal mechanisms, the brain is of utmost importance in monitoring locomotor patterns and therefore contains information regarding central pattern generation functioning. In addition, there is also a tight coordination between the upper and lower limbs, which can also be useful in controlling locomotion. The current paper critically investigates different approaches that are applicable to this field: the use of electroencephalogram (EEG), upper limb electromyogram (EMG), or a hybrid of the two neurophysiological signals to control assistive exoskeletons used in locomotion based on programmable central pattern generators (PCPGs) or dynamic recurrent neural networks (DRNNs). Plantar surface tactile stimulation devices combined with virtual reality may provide the sensation of walking while in a supine position for use of training brain signals generated during locomotion. These methods may exploit mechanisms of brain plasticity and assist in the neurorehabilitation of gait in a variety of clinical conditions, including stroke, spinal trauma, multiple sclerosis, and cerebral palsy

Vanishing spin alignment : experimental indication of triaxial 28Si+28Si\bf ^{28}Si + {^{28}Si} nuclear molecule

Fragment-fragment-$\gamma$ coincidences have been measured for $\rm ^{28}Si + {^{28}Si}$ at an energy corresponding to the population of a conjectured resonance in $^{56}$Ni. Fragment angular distributions as well as $\gamma$-ray angular correlations indicate that the spin orientations of the outgoing fragments are perpendicular to the orbital angular momentum. This differs from the $\rm ^{24}Mg+{^{24}Mg}$ and the $\rm ^{12}C+{^{12}C}$ resonances, and suggests two oblate $\rm ^{28}Si$ nuclei interacting in an equator-to-equator molecular configuration.Comment: 14 pages standard REVTeX file, 3 ps Figures -- Accepted for publication in Physical Review C (Rapid Communication

First observation of excited states in the neutron-rich nucleus 138^{138}Te

The very neutron-rich nucleus $^{138}$Te produced in the spontaneous fission of $^{248}$Cm has been investigated using the EUROGAM II $\gamma$-ray multidetector array. The excited states of $^{138}$Te observed for the first time indicate that the region of ground state deformation beyond the doubly magic nucleus $^{132}$Sn has yet not been reached

Spectroscopy of neutron-rich odd-A Ce isotopes

Web resources are more and more different, not only regarding thematic content but also related to type of document, geographic origin, level, language, etc. However, web search engines do not take into account this heterogeneity and propose only a thematic access by keywords to the documents. This paper presents a method allowing to extract homogenous corpus of web documents. This method based on link analysis uses co-citation method and focuses more specially on the notion of type of web documents