8,133 research outputs found
Reduced 30% scanning time 3D multiplexer integrated circuit applied to large array format 20KHZ frequency inkjet print heads
Enhancement of the number and array density of nozzles within an inkjet head
chip is one of the keys to raise the printing speed and printing resolutions.
However, traditional 2D architecture of driving circuits can not meet the
requirement for high scanning speed and low data accessing points when nozzle
numbers greater than 1000. This paper proposes a novel architecture of
high-selection-speed three-dimensional data registration for inkjet
applications. With the configuration of three-dimensional data registration,
the number of data accessing points as well as the scanning lines can be
greatly reduced for large array inkjet printheads with nozzles numbering more
than 1000. This IC (Integrated Circuit) architecture involves three-dimensional
multiplexing with the provision of a gating transistor for each ink firing
resistor, where ink firing resistors are triggered only by the selection of
their associated gating transistors. Three signals: selection (S), address (A),
and power supply (P), are employed together to activate a nozzle for droplet
ejection. The smart printhead controller has been designed by a 0.35 um CMOS
process with a total circuit area, 2500 x 500 microm2, which is 80% of the
cirucuit area by 2D configuration for 1000 nozzles. Experiment results
demonstrate the functionality of the fabricated IC in operation, signal
transmission and a potential to control more than 1000 nozzles with only 31
data access points and reduced 30% scanning time.Comment: Submitted on behalf of EDA Publishing Association
(http://irevues.inist.fr/EDA-Publishing
Laser pulse annealing of ion-implanted GaAs
GaAs single-crystals wafers are implanted at room temperature with 400-keV Te + ions to a dose of 1×10^15 cm^–2 to form an amorphous surface layer. The recrystallization of this layer is investigated by backscattering spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy after transient annealing by Q-switched ruby laser irradiation. An energy density threshold of about 1.0 J/cm^2 exists above which the layer regrows epitaxially. Below the threshold the layer is polycrystalline; the grain size increases as the energy density approaches threshold. The results are analogous to those reported for the elemental semiconductors, Si and Ge. The threshold value observed is in good agreement with that predicted by the simple model successfully applied previously to Si and Ge
Dietary Patterns and Prostate Cancer Risk in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Epidemiological Follow-up Study Cohort
Ecological studies implicate a “Western” diet in prostate cancer development, but whether dietary patterns measured in individuals are associated with risk has not been studied previously. We examined this issue using prospective data from the nationally representative United States Health Examination Epidemiological Follow-up Study. Among 3,779 men followed from 1982– 84 to 1992, 136 incident cases were identified. Using principal component analysis on responses to a 105-item dietary questionnaire, the following three distinct patterns were identified: a vegetable-fruit pattern; a red meat-starch pattern characterized by red meats, potatoes, cheese, salty snacks, and desserts; and a Southern pattern characterized by such foods as cornbread, grits, sweet potatoes, okra, beans, and rice. In adjusted proportional hazards models, prostate cancer risk was not associated with the vegetable-fruit or red meat-starch pattern, but higher intake of the Southern pattern showed a reduction in risk (3rd versus 1st tertile relative risk, 0.6; 95% confidence interval, 0.4 –1.1; trend P= 0.08) that approached statistical significance. The inverse association was observed in black and non-black men and was not attributable to intake of any individual foods or nutrients. A Southern dietary pattern may reflect a history of living in the South and serve as an integrative marker of sunlight exposure and protection through 1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D production. Further evaluation and better characterization of the pattern would offer more information on potentially beneficial features of the diet or its associated lifestyle
Hadamard Products of Product Operators and the Design of Gradient-Diffusion Experiments for Simulating Decoherence by NMR Spectroscopy
An extension of the product operator formalism of NMR is introduced, which
uses the Hadamard matrix product to describe many simple spin 1/2 relaxation
processes. The utility of this formalism is illustrated by deriving NMR
gradient-diffusion experiments to simulate several decoherence models of
interest in quantum information processing, along with their Lindblad and Kraus
representations. Gradient-diffusion experiments are also described for several
more complex forms of decoherence, including the well-known collective
isotropic model. Finally, it is shown that the Hadamard formalism gives a
concise representation of decoherence with arbitrary correlations among the
fluctuating fields at the different spins involved, and that this can be
applied to both decoherence (T2) as well as nonadiabatic relaxation (T1)
processes.Comment: RevTeX, 11 page single-spaced preprint, no figures. Version two has
new title, abstract, introduction & conclusions, while the main body of the
text remains substantially the sam
α-Actinin and Filamin Cooperatively Enhance the Stiffness of Actin Filament Networks
BACKGROUND: The close subcellular proximity of different actin filament crosslinking proteins suggests that these proteins may cooperate to organize F-actin structures to drive complex cellular functions during cell adhesion, motility and division. Here we hypothesize that alpha-actinin and filamin, two major F-actin crosslinking proteins that are both present in the lamella of adherent cells, display synergistic mechanical functions. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using quantitative rheology, we find that combining alpha-actinin and filamin is much more effective at producing elastic, solid-like actin filament networks than alpha-actinin and filamin separately. Moreover, F-actin networks assembled in the presence of alpha-actinin and filamin strain-harden more readily than networks in the presence of either alpha-actinin or filamin. SIGNIFICANCE: These results suggest that cells combine auxiliary proteins with similar ability to crosslink filaments to generate stiff cytoskeletal structures, which are required for the production of internal propulsive forces for cell migration, and that these proteins do not have redundant mechanical functions
The Top Window for dark matter
We investigate a scenario that the top quark is the only window to the dark
matter particle. We use the effective Lagrangian approach to write down the
interaction between the top quark and the dark matter particle. Requiring the
dark matter satisfying the relic density we obtain the size of the effective
interaction. We show that the scenario can be made consistent with the direct
and indirect detection experiments by adjusting the size of the effective
coupling. Finally, we calculate the production cross section for at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), which will give rise to an
interesting signature of a top-pair plus large missing energy.Comment: 17 pages including 8 figures; added references and a footnot
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