15,874 research outputs found
Cellular automata models of traffic flow along a highway containing a junction
We examine various realistic generalizations of the basic cellular automaton
model describing traffic flow along a highway. In particular, we introduce a
{\em slow-to-start} rule which simulates a possible delay before a car pulls
away from being stationary. Having discussed the case of a bare highway, we
then consider the presence of a junction. We study the effects of acceleration,
disorderness, and slow-to-start behavior on the queue length at the entrance to
the highway. Interestingly, the junction's efficiency is {\it improved} by
introducing disorderness along the highway, and by imposing a speed limit.Comment: to appear in J. Phys. A:Math.& General. 15 pages, RevTeX, 3
Postscript figure
Theory of the evolutionary minority game
We present a theory which describes a recently introduced model of an
evolving, adaptive system in which agents compete to be in the minority. The
agents themselves are able to evolve their strategies over time in an attempt
to improve their performance. The present theory explicitly demonstrates the
self-interaction, or so-called market impact, that agents in such systems
experience
From market games to real-world markets
This paper uses the development of multi-agent market models to present a
unified approach to the joint questions of how financial market movements may
be simulated, predicted, and hedged against. We examine the effect of different
market clearing mechanisms and show that an out-of-equilibrium clearing process
leads to dynamics that closely resemble real financial movements. We then show
that replacing the `synthetic' price history used by these simulations with
data taken from real financial time-series leads to the remarkable result that
the agents can collectively learn to identify moments in the market where
profit is attainable. We then employ the formalism of Bouchaud and Sornette in
conjunction with agent based models to show that in general risk cannot be
eliminated from trading with these models. We also show that, in the presence
of transaction costs, the risk of option writing is greatly increased. This
risk, and the costs, can however be reduced through the use of a delta-hedging
strategy with modified, time-dependent volatility structure.Comment: Presented at APFA2 (Liege) July 2000. Proceedings: Eur. Phys. J. B
Latex file + 10 .ps figs. [email protected]
Crowd-Anticrowd Theory of Multi-Agent Market Games
We present a dynamical theory of a multi-agent market game, the so-called
Minority Game (MG), based on crowds and anticrowds. The time-averaged version
of the dynamical equations provides a quantitatively accurate, yet intuitively
simple, explanation for the variation of the standard deviation (`volatility')
in MG-like games. We demonstrate this for the basic MG, and the MG with
stochastic strategies. The time-dependent equations themselves reproduce the
essential dynamics of the MG.Comment: Presented at APFA2 (Liege) July 2000. Proceedings: Eur.Phys.J. B
[email protected]
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