On the bounds of the expected nearest neighbor distance

In this paper, we give some contributions for special distributions having unbounded support    for which we derive upper and lower bounds on the expected nearest neighbor distance of the extreme value (Gumbel) distribution as typical

U.V. spectra parameters to investigate the influences of intensifications of soybean with sorghum and maize on the physical properties of soybean seed oils

Using U.V. spectra measurements as a tool to investigate the influences of intensifications or intercroping of crops on the physical properties of the constituents of the yielded grains or seeds. In this paper the authors used U.V. spectra measurement to deduce the effects of intensifications of Clark and Crowmord soybean varieties on some sorghum and maize varieties on the physical properties of the oils of the soybean seed varieties. Results of this work revealed that the highest U.V. spectra measurements at bands 270 nm, were 2.5 for the oils of Crowmord soybean seed variety intensificated on Giza 15 sorghum variety intensity 2:4 (2 rows soybean: 4 rows sorghum) and Giza 2, Hz 215 and Hz 310 maize varieties, intensity 2:2, 2:4, 2:4 and 2:2 respectively in the regions of spectra differences. The intensification of Clark and Crowmord soybean varieties on sorghum and maize is effective as the physical properties of their oils improved by increasing the cromophor and carotenoids compound levels.Se usaron medidas de espectros U.V. como una herramienta para investigar las influencias de intensificaciones o intercultivos sobre las propiedades físicas de los constituyentes de granos o semillas producidos. En este trabajo el autor usó medidas de espectros U.V. para deducir los efectos de intensificaciones de variedades de soja Clark y Crowmord con variedades de sorgo y maíz sobre las propiedades físicas de los aceites de soja. Los resultados de este trabajo revelaron que los valores de espectros U.V. más elevados a 270 nm, fueron 2'5 para los aceites de variedades de semilla de soja Crowmord intensificado con la variedad sorgo Giza 15 (2 filas soja: 4 filas sorgo) y las variedades de maíz Giza 2 (2:2 y 2:4), Hz 215 (2:4) y Hz 310 (2:2). La intensificación de variedades de soja Clark y Crowmord con sorgo y maíz es efectiva, ya que las propiedades físicas de sus aceites mejoraron por aumento de los niveles de compuestos cromóforos y carotenoides

Fungal Biofilms and Drug Resistance

Candida species, including the novel opportunistic pathogen Candida dubliniensis, are now emerging as major agents of nosocomial infections. Many such manifestations of infections associated with the formation of Candida biofilms include those occurring on devices such as indwelling intravascular catheters. Fungal biofilm-associated infections are frequently refractory to conventional therapy because of resistance to antimicrobial agents. This resistance could be in part due to the surface-induced upregulation of drug efflux pumps. Biofilm-associated Candida show uniform resistance to a wide spectrum of the currently available conventional antifungal agents, which implies that antimicrobial drugs that specifically target biofilm-associated infections are needed. The novel classes of antifungal agents, the lipid formulation of amphotericins, and the echinocandins have demonstrated unique antifungal activity against the resistant Candida biofilms, providing a breakthrough in the treatment of life-threatening invasive systemic mycoses. The use of drugs effective in combating biofilm-associated infections could lead to major developments in the treatment of fungal implant infections

Thin-film ZnO charge-trapping memory cell grown in a single ALD step

Cataloged from PDF version of article.A thin-film ZnO-based single-transistor memory cell with a gate stack deposited in a single atomic layer deposition step is demonstrated. Thin-film ZnO is used as channel material and charge-trapping layer for the first time. The extracted mobility and subthreshold slope of the thin-film device are 23 cm2/V · s and 720 mV/dec, respectively. The memory effect is verified by a 2.35-V hysteresis in the Idrain–Vgate curve. Physics-based TCAD simulations show very good agreement with the experimental results providing insight to the charge-trapping physics

TRATAMENTO COM ALTA DOSE DE ATORVASTATINA MELHORA A FUNÇÃO ENDOTELIAL EM RATOS DIABÉTICOS POR DIMINUIÇÃO DE ROS

Em virtude de estudos anteriores mostrarem resultados conflitantes em relação aos efeitos do tratamento com estatinas na diabetes mellitus (DM), o objetivo da presente pesquisa foi investigar como o tratamento com alta dose de atorvastatina afeta a função vascular de ratos diabéticos. Foram utilizados ratos Wistar, pesando de 220 a 250g, separados em quatro grupos: 1) controle, tratado apenas com o veículo carboximetilcelulose (Ct); 2) controle tratado com atorvastatina 80 mg / kg / dia (Ct + At); 3) diabético induzido por estreptozotocina (STZ), tratado apenas com o veículo carboximetilcelulose (Db); e 4) diabético induzido por STZ, tratado com atorvastatina (Db + At). O tratamento foi realizado durante quatro semanas, diariamente, através de gavagem. Segmentos de aorta foram utilizados para investigar a reatividade vascular, a expressão proteica da ciclooxigenase-2 (COX-2) e da subunidade NOX1, além de níveis de ânion superóxido. Foi observado que o tratamento com atorvastatina não afetou os níveis da glicemia em nenhum dos grupos. Nos ratos diabéticos, a reatividade vascular à fenilefrina aumentou quando comparada aos grupos controles, sendo que o tratamento com atorvastatina reduziu esta resposta nos ratos diabéticos. A remoção do endotélio aumentou a resposta à fenilefrina nos ratos controle, mas não no grupo diabético; a atorvastatina aumentou a modulação endotelial nestes ratos. O L-NAME (100 μM) aumentou a reatividade em todos os grupos, mas este efeito foi maior nos ratos diabéticos tratados com atorvastatina. A Indometacina (10 μM) e o NS398 (1 μM) reduziram a resposta contrátil em ratos diabéticos e a atorvastatina reverteu estes efeitos, sem alterar a expressão de COX-2. A apocinina (30 μM) diminuiu a resposta da fenilefrina em ratos diabéticos, os quais também mostraram aumento da NOX1 e de ânion superóxido; estes efeitos foram prevenidos pelo tratamento com atorvastatina. Os resultados sugerem que o tratamento com dose elevada de atorvastatina, independentemente da glicemia, reduz a lesão vascular, melhorando a função endotelial em aortas de ratos diabéticos através da redução dos prostanóides constritores derivados de COX-2. Ademais, reduz o estresse oxidativo através da NADPH oxidase, bem como um possível aumento da participação de óxido nítrico

Role assigning and taking in cloud computing

The widespread use of cloud computing (CC) has brought to the forefront information technology (IT) governance issues, rendering the lack of expertise in handling CC-based IT controls a major challenge for business enterprises and other societal organizations. In the cloud-computing context, this study identifies and ranks the determinants of role assigning and taking by IT people. The study’s integrative research links CC and IT governance to humane arrangements, as it validates and ranks role assigning and taking components through in-depth interviews with twelve IT decision-makers and forty-four Information Systems Audit and Control Association (ISACA) members, engaged as panelists in a Delphi technique implementation. The empirical results recognize skills and competencies as prioritized determinants of IT controls, while IT security, risk and compliance emerge as capabilities crucial to evaluate and manage CC service providers. Despite the study’s generalizability limitations, its findings highlight future research paths and provide practical guidelines toward the high technology of open-market IT self-governance. The latter entails the humane flows of collegial control and responsibility, as opposed to the inhumane flows of authority and power, under the sequestered technique of the bureaucratically-hierarchized IT hetero-governanc

Efficient two-stage cryptography scheme for secure distributed data storage in cloud computing

Cloud computing environment requires secure access for data from the cloud server, small execution time, and low time complexity. Existing traditional cryptography algorithms are not suitable for cloud storage. In this paper, an efficient two-stage cryptography scheme is proposed to access and store data into cloud safely. It comprises both user authentication and encryption processes. First, a two-factor authentication scheme one-time password is proposed. It overcomes the weaknesses in the existing authentication schemes. The proposed authentication method does not require specific extra hardware or additional processing time to identity the user. Second, the plaintext is divided into two parts which are encrypted separately using a unique key for each. This division increases the security of the proposed scheme and in addition decreases the encryption time. The keys are generated using logistic chaos model theory. Chaos equation generates different values of keys which are very sensitive to initial condition and control parameter values entered by the user. This scheme achieves high-security level by introducing different security processes with different stages. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme reduces the size of the ciphertext and both encryption and decryption times than competing schemes without adding any complexity