Effects of dihydrotanshinone I on proliferation and invasiveness of paclitaxel-resistant anaplastic thyroid cancer cells

ATC is a very rare, but extremely aggressive form of thyroid malignancy, responsible for the highest mortality rate registered for thyroid cancer. In patients without known genetic aberrations, the current treatment is still represented by palliative surgery and systemic mono-or combined chemotherapy, which is often not fully effective for the appearance of drug resistance. Comprehension of the mechanisms involved in the development of the resistance is therefore an urgent issue to suggest novel therapeutic approaches for this very aggressive malignancy. In this study, we created a model of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cells resistant to paclitaxel and investigated the characteristics of these cells by analyzing the profile of gene expression and comparing it with that of paclitaxel-sensitive original ATC cell lines. In addition, we evaluated the effects of Dihydrotanshinone I (DHT) on the viability and invasiveness of paclitaxel-resistant cells. ATC paclitaxel-resistant cells highlighted an overexpression of ABCB1 and a hyper-activation of the NF-\u3baB compared to sensitive cells. DHT treatment resulted in a reduction of viability and clonogenic ability of resistant cells. Moreover, DHT induces a decrement of NF-\u3baB activity in SW1736-PTX and 8505C-PTX cells. In conclusion, to the best of our knowledge, the results of the present study are the first to demonstrate the antitumor effects of DHT on ATC cells resistant to Paclitaxel in vitro

Quercetin protects human thyroid cells against cadmium toxicity

Various natural compounds have been successfully tested for preventing or counteracting the toxic effects of exposure to heavy metals. In this study, we analyzed the effects of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) on immortalized, non\u2010tumorigenic thyroid cells Nthy\u2010ori\u20103\u20101. We investigated the molecular mechanism underlying its toxic action as well as the potential protective effect of quercetin against CdCl2\u2010induced damage. CdCl2 suppressed cell growth in a dose\u2010 and time\u2010dependent manner (IC50 value ~10 \u3bcM) associated with a decrease in levels of phospho\u2010ERK. In addition, CdCl2 elicited an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lipid peroxidation. A significant increase in GRP78, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress\u2010related protein, was also observed. Supplementation of quercetin counteracted the growth\u2010inhibiting action of CdCl2 by recovering ERK protein phosphorylation levels, attenuating ROS overproduction, decreasing MDA content and reducing the expression of GRP78 in cells exposed to CdCl2. Thus, in addition to revealing the molecular effects involved in cadmium\u2010induced toxicity, the present study demonstrated, for the first time, a protective effect of quercetin against cadmium\u2010induced damages to normal thyroid cells

The Italian Banking and Financial Arbitrator between iurisdictio and Strengthening of the Supervisory Function

Starting out from the current crisis which has affected the intermediaries-clients relationship and caused a massive litigation in the banking and financial sector, particularly in the Italian judicial system, this paper sets out to examine the normative framework of the Banking and Financial Arbitrator (A.B.F.). Specifically, the A.B.F. should pursue the aims of fair and impartial dispute resolution in line with the judicial character ascribable to decision-making by that body. However, the Bank of Italy is given the task of defining the composition and organisation of the organs of the Banking and Financial Arbitrator; a closer examination of the rules suggests that there are plenty of room for intervention by the Supervisory Authority with regard to the A.B.F. investigation procedure. It is evident as a result that there is a plausible risk of functionalisation of the activity carried out by the A.B.F. for purposes other that and different from those referable to aims of justice

Cooperazione di credito e Testo Unica Bancario

Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR). Biblioteca Centrale / CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle RichercheSIGLEITItal

Corso di diritto pubblico dell'economia

La trattazione vuole dare una chiave di lettura di alcune significative tematiche di diritto dell\u2019economia, proponendosi l\u2019obiettivo di fornire al lettore una sistematica visione degli impianti disciplinari di riferimento. Ne consegue la possibilit\ue0 di valutare l\u2019impatto di talune soluzioni applicative adottate nel tempo e di identificare, su un piano prospettico, futuri percorsi formativi volti alla realizzazione di nuovi equilibri nello svolgimento dei processi economici. I contributi sono, quindi, legati tra loro dall\u2019esame delle problematiche al centro dell\u2019odierno dibattito dottrinale e sociopolitico. Emergono in tal modo le linee del cambiamento che ha interessato questa materia, cambiamento che, soprattutto a causa della globalizzazione, si va determinando a livello normativo nel nostro Paese e, pi\uf9 in generale, nell\u2019intera area dell\u2019occidente. L\u2019indagine, come \ue8 specificato dalla stessa autrice, mira a fornire indicazioni, a sollecitare curiosit\ue0, a far riflettere. Il volume si rivolge soprattutto ai giovani che, all\u2019inizio del loro percorso universitario, possono trovare in questo volume contenuti idonei ad un arricchimento culturale, ad una formazione che proietti in chiave dinamica l\u2019interesse dello studio in vista di un adeguato inserimento in ambito professionale