62 research outputs found

    Anomalous electron trapping by localized magnetic fields

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    We consider an electron with an anomalous magnetic moment g>2 confined to a plane and interacting with a nonzero magnetic field B perpendicular to the plane. We show that if B has compact support and the magnetic flux in the natural units is F\ge 0, the corresponding Pauli Hamiltonian has at least 1+[F] bound states, without making any assumptions about the field profile. Furthermore, in the zero-flux case there is a pair of bound states with opposite spin orientations. Using a Birman-Schwinger technique, we extend the last claim to a weak rotationally symmetric field with B(r) = O(r^{-2-\delta}) correcting thus a recent result. Finally, we show that under mild regularity assumptions the existence can be proved for non-symmetric fields with tails as well.Comment: A LaTeX file, 12 pages; to appear in J. Phys. A: Math. Ge

    One-Dimensional Discrete Stark Hamiltonian and Resonance Scattering by Impurities

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    A one-dimensional discrete Stark Hamiltonian with a continuous electric field is constructed by extension theory methods. In absence of the impurities the model is proved to be exactly solvable, the spectrum is shown to be simple, continuous, filling the real axis; the eigenfunctions, the resolvent and the spectral measure are constructed explicitly. For this (unperturbed) system the resonance spectrum is shown to be empty. The model considering impurity in a single node is also constructed using the operator extension theory methods. The spectral analysis is performed and the dispersion equation for the resolvent singularities is obtained. The resonance spectrum is shown to contain infinite discrete set of resonances. One-to-one correspondence of the constructed Hamiltonian to some Lee-Friedrichs model is established.Comment: 20 pages, Latex, no figure

    Spectral flow and level spacing of edge states for quantum Hall hamiltonians

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    We consider a non relativistic particle on the surface of a semi-infinite cylinder of circumference LL submitted to a perpendicular magnetic field of strength BB and to the potential of impurities of maximal amplitude ww. This model is of importance in the context of the integer quantum Hall effect. In the regime of strong magnetic field or weak disorder B>>wB>>w it is known that there are chiral edge states, which are localised within a few magnetic lengths close to, and extended along the boundary of the cylinder, and whose energy levels lie in the gaps of the bulk system. These energy levels have a spectral flow, uniform in LL, as a function of a magnetic flux which threads the cylinder along its axis. Through a detailed study of this spectral flow we prove that the spacing between two consecutive levels of edge states is bounded below by 2παL12\pi\alpha L^{-1} with α>0\alpha>0, independent of LL, and of the configuration of impurities. This implies that the level repulsion of the chiral edge states is much stronger than that of extended states in the usual Anderson model and their statistics cannot obey one of the Gaussian ensembles. Our analysis uses the notion of relative index between two projections and indicates that the level repulsion is connected to topological aspects of quantum Hall systems.Comment: 22 pages, no figure

    Magnetic strip waveguides

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    We analyze the spectrum of the "local" Iwatsuka model, i.e. a two-dimensional charged particle interacting with a magnetic field which is homogeneous outside a finite strip and translationally invariant along it. We derive two new sufficient conditions for absolute continuity of the spectrum. We also show that in most cases the number of open spectral gaps of the model is finite. To illustrate these results we investigate numerically the situation when the field is zero in the strip being screened, e.g. by a superconducting mask.Comment: 22 pages, a LaTeX source file with three eps figure

    Comportamiento de mostrar (showing) en perros de Intervenciones Asistidas con Animales y perros de familia

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    Los perros indican la ubicación de un objeto escondido (i.e., “comportamiento de mostrar”) cuando un compañero humano ignora donde está. Para ello, dirigen la atención del compañero hacia el objeto y llevan a cabo conductas comunicativas como la mirada y la alternancia de mirada. Esta destacable habilidad comunicativa ha sido estudiada extensivamente en perros mascotas, pero las investigaciones no se han enfocado aún en perros con diferentes experiencias de vida. Un grupo de particular interés son los perros que participan en Intervenciones Asistidas con Animales (IAA), ya que están frecuentemente expuestos a ambientes novedosos y personas desconocidas. Estudios previos han destacado la importancia de la mirada como respuesta comunicativa en esta población. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar el desempeño de estos perros y perros mascotas en una tarea de mostrar. Para ello, se evaluaron 14 perros participantes en IAA y 14 perros mascotas, adultos, apareados en raza y sexo. Se comparó una condición de muestra (donde había comida escondida y un compañero humano presente) con condiciones control (donde no había comida o no había compañero). Los resultados indican que los perros en general llevaron a cabo el comportamiento de mostrar, ya que miraron más al recipiente que contenía comida y alternaron más su mirada entre este y la persona en los ensayos de la condición de muestra respecto a los ensayos control. Contrariamente a las expectativas, las diferencias comportamentales entre perros de IAA y mascotas fueron mínimas. Sin embargo, los guías de los perros de IAA fueron más exitosos en indicar la ubicación de la comida que los dueños de perros mascotas en los ensayos de muestra [mediana dueños de IAA= 2 (1 – 2), dueños de mascotas = 1 (0 – 1.25); U = 52, p = 0.02]. Esto sugiere que los guías de perros de IAA podrían ser particularmente habilidosos en entender el comportamiento de sus perros, lo que representa una capacidad crucial para asegurar el bienestar de los mismos durante las sesiones.Fil: Cavalli, Camila María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas; ArgentinaFil: Carballo, F.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Dzik, Marina Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas; ArgentinaFil: Bentosela, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas; ArgentinaX Jornadas de Jóvenes InvestigadoresArgentinaUniversidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

    Bound States in Mildly Curved Layers

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    It has been shown recently that a nonrelativistic quantum particle constrained to a hard-wall layer of constant width built over a geodesically complete simply connected noncompact curved surface can have bound states provided the surface is not a plane. In this paper we study the weak-coupling asymptotics of these bound states, i.e. the situation when the surface is a mildly curved plane. Under suitable assumptions about regularity and decay of surface curvatures we derive the leading order in the ground-state eigenvalue expansion. The argument is based on Birman-Schwinger analysis of Schroedinger operators in a planar hard-wall layer.Comment: LaTeX 2e, 23 page
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