13 research outputs found

    Analysis of fish assemblages in sectors along a salinity gradient based on species, families and functional groups

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    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

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    Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time, and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space. While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes, vast areas of the tropics remain understudied. In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity, but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases. To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge, it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

    Licófitas e monilófitas das Unidades de Conservação da Usina Hidroelétrica - UHE de Tucuruí, Pará, Brasil

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    Conhecimento botânico medicinal sobre espécies vegetais nativas da caatinga e plantas espontâneas no agreste da Paraíba, Brasil

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    O bioma Caatinga apresenta diversas espécies vegetais amplamente empregadas pelas populações rurais, especialmente na fitoterapia, abrangendo diversos usos no tratamento de determinadas enfermidades. As plantas espontâneas, apesar de serem entendidas como espécies daninhas ou invasoras, concomitantemente apresentam propriedades fitoquímicas que podem ser aproveitadas no âmbito medicinal. Nesta concepção, o referente trabalho tem como objetivo identificar espécies vegetais nativas da Caatinga, assim como plantas espontâneas, empregadas na medicina popular através de estudo etnobotânico desenvolvido na zona rural do município de Serra da Raiz, Agreste da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil. O levantamento das plantas de uso fitoterápico foi estabelecido através de questionamentos e entrevistas semiestruturadas com 57 famílias da região. Foram coletadas informações referentes a 55 espécies vegetais e seus empregos terapêuticos, destacando-se entre elas: Myracrodruom urundeuva Allemão (Aroeira), Genipa americana L. (Jenipapo), Solanum paniculatum L. (Jurubeba) e Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan (Angico) por serem amplamente utilizadas no tratamento de diversas enfermidades pelos moradores locais

    Avoiding the mononuclear phagocyte system using human albumin for mesoporous silica nanoparticle system

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    [EN] The mononuclear phagocytic system is a key participant determining the half-life of nanoparticles (NPs) in the bloodstream and influencing active targeting. Several strategies to extend the circulation time of nanoparticles and to reduce MPS (Mononuclear Phagocyte System) uptake have been developed so far. Here we evaluated the potential of albumin coated-mesoporous silica nanoparticles to overcome MPS clearance in a mouse model of endometrioses. We found that human albumin bath was able to reduce unspecific uptake by liver and spleen but reduced accumulation of NPs to endometriosis site. Our data suggest that although human albumin bath may help to overcome MPS clearance of NPs, it affects NPs uptake by the target site. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.The authors would like to thank the National Scientific and Technological Research Council (CNPQ) and the Rio de Janeiro State Research Foundation (FAPERJ) for funding.Authors also gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Project MAT2012-38429-004-01) and the Generalitat Valenciana (project PROMETEO/2009/016) for support.Dos Santos, S.; Rezende Dos Reis, S.; Pires, L.; Helal-Neto, E.; Sancenón Galarza, F.; Barja-Fidalgo, T.; Medina De Mattos, R.... (2017). Avoiding the mononuclear phagocyte system using human albumin for mesoporous silica nanoparticle system. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials. 251:181-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2017.06.005S18118925

    Implementação da seleção recorrente no melhoramento de plantas autógamas através da macho-esterilidade Implementation of recurrent selection in plant breding of autogamous crops through male sterility

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    Os sistemas de melhoramento convencionais baseados no método genealógico, utilizados principalmente em cereais de estação fria, determinam a redução da variabilidade e da capacidade de recombinação, devido a utilização de um número de genitores limitado nos cruzamentos. O incremento da probabilidade de recombinação através da seleção recorrente pelo aumento do número de cruzamentos pode ser a saída para este problema. A utilização da macho-esterilidade representa uma alternativa viável para propiciar o cruzamento natural em espécies de autofecundação, favorecendo a utilização da seleção recorrente como uma importante ferramenta para o melhoramento de plantas autógamas.<br>The mechanism of pedigree system used in smallgrain cereals reduce genetic variability and recombination capacity due to the limited number of parent used in crosses. The increase in recombination through recurrent selection by maximizing number of crosses may be a solution for this problem. The use of male sterility may overcome the difficult of performing artificial crosses, supporting recurrent selection as a viable and important tool for autogamous crops breeding
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