Flammability, Smoke, Mechanical Behaviours and Morphology of Flame Retarded Natural Fibre/Elium\uae Composite

The work involves fabrication of natural fibre/Elium\uae composites using resin infusion technique. The jute fabrics were treated using phosphorus-carbon based flame retardant (FR) agent, a phosphonate solution and graphene nano-platelet (GnP), followed by resin infusion, to produce FR and graphene-based composites. The properties of these composites were compared with those of the Control (jute fabric/Elium\uae). As obtained from the cone calorimeter and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the peak heat release rate reduced significantly after the FR and GnP treatments of fabrics whereas total smoke release and quantity of carbon monoxide increased with the incorporation of FR. The addition of GnP had almost no effect on carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide yield. Dynamic mechanical analysis demonstrated that coating jute fabrics with GnP particles led to an enhanced glass transition temperature by 14%. Scanning electron microscopy showed fibre pull-out locations in the tensile fracture surface of the laminates after incorporation of both fillers, which resulted in reduced tensile properties

Laser Diagnostics and Chemical Modeling of Combustion and Catalytic Processes

The H2+1/2O2H2O reaction on hot platinum surfaces has been studied. A stagnation flow geometry was used with a gas mixture of H2 and O2 at subatmospheric pressures. Experimental data of the OH concentration outside the surface were measured with Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence, PLIF, while Second Harmonic Generation, SHG, was used to determine the coverage on the surface. Detailed simulations of surface chemistry, mass-transport effects, and gas-phase chemistry, as well as the interaction between them, were performed with Chemkin. The formation energy of H2O and OH was found to be 67 kJ/mol, while the desorption energy of OH was 250 kJ/mol. It was also found that, for pressures up to 130 Pa, the OH molecules that desorb from the surface are not influenced by the gas-phase chemistry. At higher pressures the desorbed OH molecules are partially consumed in reactions with gas-phase species. Increasing the pressure even more will result in a reactive gas phase where water is produced. Comparison with an inert glass surface showed that the catalytic surface strongly inhibits the gas-phase ignition. An explanation of this behaviour is that gas-phase radicals adsorb onto the surface and form less reactive species, such as water. In this way the gas phase outside a catalytic surface becomes depleted of reactive radicals. Sensitivity analysis was also used to study the complex surface/gas interaction. In another study elastic light scattering from a fuel spray was studied. Image processing was used in an attempt to reproduce the internal structure of the spray, despite the problems with strong attenuation due to substantial scattering from the spray. The numerical implementation was based on the Beer-Lambert\u27s law for an inhomogeneous medium. The method was partially successful, although, calibration studies of the scattered light dependence on spray structure and droplet density will need to be included in future work

European initiative on CDIO in raw material programmes

One of five Knowledge and Innovation Communities (KICs), was launched in Europe in 2014and has its focus on exploration, extraction, mineral processing, metallurgy, recycling andmaterial substitution of raw materials. To reach the vision, where the European Union’sindustrial strength is based on a cost-efficient, secure, sustainable supply and use of rawmaterials, a new generation of skilled people entering industry, universities and researchneeds to be developed. Today’s technical MSc graduates in raw materials and especiallyprimary resources (i.e. exploration, extraction, mining and mineral processing and metallurgy)best suits large companies where they often act as specialists and experts. For small tomedium enterprises as well as for our future engineers other skills than technical arenecessary. As a part of the KIC Raw Materials, the education project “The implementation ofCDIO in raw material programmes” started in 2016. The project focuses, during 2016-2017,on (WP1) faculty- and (WP2) pilot case development. There are no academic institutes inEurope that have yet applied CDIO for primary resource related MSc programmes. Thispaper describes an education project within the KIC Raw material and presents key outputswith implementing CDIO in mining and metallurgy related programmes

Implementation of CDIO Initiative In New European Education Programs in Raw Materials

EIT Raw Materials, one of the six Knowledge and Innovation Communities (KICs) initiated by the EIT (European Institute of Innovation and Technology) and funded by the European Commission, has the mission to boost competitiveness, growth and attractiveness of the European raw materials sector via radical innovation and guided entrepreneurship. It aims to significantly enhance innovation in the raw materials sector by the sharing of knowledge, information and expertise. This must generate a significant impact on European competitiveness and employment by driving and fostering innovation and empowering students, entrepreneurs and education partners driving toward the circular economy.To reach the vision, where the European Union’s industrial strength is based on a cost-efficient, secure, sustainable supply and use of raw materials, a new generation of skilled people entering industry, universities and research needs to be developed. Today’s technical MSc graduates in raw materials and especially primary resources (i.e. exploration, extraction, mining and mineral processing and metallurgy) meet the technical standards required by the raw materials industry across the full raw materials value chain and best suits large companies where they often act as specialists and experts. For small to medium enterprises as well as for our future engineers, other skills than technical are necessary.EIT Raw Materials will educate people that will have an intra- and entrepreneurial mind-set and will be able to develop their functions in new working environments, fostering the entrepreneurial and innovation skills, knowledge and attitudes needed for the entre- and intrapreneurs of tomorrowThe CDIO™ INITIATIVE is an innovative educational framework for producing the next generation of engineers. The framework provides students with an education stressing engineering fundamentals set in the context of Conceiving — Designing — Implementing — Operating (CDIO) real-world systems and products. There are no academic institutes in Europe that have yet applied CDIO for primary resource related MSc programs. Within the KIC EIT Raw Materials Academy, the overarching brand of all the KIC’s education activities are created in order to stimulate education activities and foster new ways of learning and teaching; an approved education project is focusing on the implementation of the CDIO methodology in primary resources linked programs. The project started in 2016 and focuses on faculty and pilot case development and the contributing partners are from academia, industry and research institutes. This project focuses on faculty development for an active and experimental learning by teaching the “technical” faculty through CDIO linked courses (entrepreneurship, business, etc.), communicative workshops, inspiration lectures and by involving the “business and entrepreneurial” faculty in exploration, mining, mineral processing and metallurgy related issues also through curriculum and pilot cases developed together with the industry.This paper describes how this education project is being developed within the EIT Raw Materials and will give an overview of the needed skillset of future engineers demanded in the Raw Materials primary sector. It presents key outputs about already developed and implemented activities in mining engineering and metallurgy related programs