Monitoring Resistance and Biochemical Studies of Three Egyptian Field Strains of Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Six Insecticides

BACKGROUND: METHODS: Laboratory bioassays were carried out using the leaf-dipping method to examine the susceptibility of the laboratory and field strains to the tested insecticides. Activities of detoxification enzymes were determined in an attempt to identify resistance mechanisms. RESULTS: The results showed that LC CONCLUSION: Our findings, along with other tactics, are expected to help with the resistance management o