Thermocapillary rupture in falling liquid films at moderate Reynolds numbers

An experimental study of the flow of a water film over a heated surface for Re = 15-50 was performed. The influence of the development of thermocapillary instability on the wave amplitudes, the deformation of the surface of the liquid film, and the formation of the first stable dry spot on the heater are investigated. It is shown that the interaction of waves with thermocapillary structures can lead to an increase in the critical heat flux corresponding to the rupture of the liquid film, as compared with the data known in the literature

An experimental model of the evaporative cooling system of a single powerful LED

An experimental model of the evaporative cooling system of a single powerful LED with a natural circulation of the coolant capable of removing a heat flux density of more than 1 kW / cm2 is created. It is shown that on the finned surfaces the overheating relative to the saturation temperature in comparison with a smooth surface decreases up to three times for the heater with a diameter of 5 mm. There is up to two times increase in heat transfer coefficient on finned surfaces as compared to the smooth ones. For finned surfaces on the heater with a diameter of 1 mm the surface overheating relative to the saturation temperature decreases in four times. More than three times increase is observed for the heat transfer coefficient on finned surfaces as compared to the smooth ones

Thermocapillary rupture in falling liquid films at moderate Reynolds numbers

An experimental study of the flow of a water film over a heated surface for Re = 15-50 was performed. The influence of the development of thermocapillary instability on the wave amplitudes, the deformation of the surface of the liquid film, and the formation of the first stable dry spot on the heater are investigated. It is shown that the interaction of waves with thermocapillary structures can lead to an increase in the critical heat flux corresponding to the rupture of the liquid film, as compared with the data known in the literature

The waves amplitudes increase due to interacting with thermocapillary structures

The analysis of experimental data on the simultaneous measurement of the thickness and temperature fields in the flowing heated liquid film at Re = 15 is presented. It is shown that increasing heat flux results in more expressed rivulet formation in the lower part of the heater (differential thicknesses in the rivulet and interrivulet area increases from 0.04 mm to 0.11 mm). It was found that the wave amplitude increase in the region where waves interact with the thermocapillary structures

The waves amplitudes increase due to interacting with thermocapillary structures

The analysis of experimental data on the simultaneous measurement of the thickness and temperature fields in the flowing heated liquid film at Re = 15 is presented. It is shown that increasing heat flux results in more expressed rivulet formation in the lower part of the heater (differential thicknesses in the rivulet and interrivulet area increases from 0.04 mm to 0.11 mm). It was found that the wave amplitude increase in the region where waves interact with the thermocapillary structures

Enhanced Pool Boiling Heat Transfer with Porous Ti-6Al-4V-Coatings Produced by Cold Spray Metal Additive Manufacturing

In advancing industrial heat transfer mechanisms, surface coatings offer significant potential. This research elucidates the efficacy of the metal additive manufacturing Cold Spray deposition technique for producing enhanced boiling surfaces, specifically focusing on Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) coatings on Aluminium substrates. This offers a rapid and low-cost fabrication method for producing lightweight enhanced boiling surfaces. The Cold Spray method is typically used to create dense metal deposits. Here, the process has been specially tuned to create highly inhomogeneous honeycomb-type porous Ti64 coatings. Critical Cold Spray deposition parameters, such as particle velocity, preheat temperature, and deposition rate have been identified to create repeatable porous coatings, with thicknesses of up to 3.0 mm achievable. Following deposition, several samples were subjected to systematic boiling heat transfer tests in a purpose-built pool boiling apparatus. Boiling curves were generated for the augmented Cold Spray surfaces as well as a bare surface, with the latter acting as a baseline to which enhancement levels were assessed. Initial data analysis shows that some of the tested surfaces exhibit a notable increase in boiling heat transfer coefficient and Critical Heat Flux (CHF). This enhancement is potentially attributed to increased surface area, increased nucleation site density, capillary wicking, and mitigation of lateral bubble coalescence, though excessive coating thickness may degrade heat transfer. In summary, the novel Ti64 surface structures developed using the Cold Spray deposition technique exhibits high potential for industries necessitating superior boiling heat transfer performance. Importantly, the manufacturing process is industrially scalable, offering the capacity to rapidly coat large areas at low cost compared with subtractive manufacturing other metal additive manufacturing methods