The relationship of eating behavior with biochemical blood parameters in children and adolescents born preterm

BACKGROUND: Prematurity is a risk for the formation of adverse metabolic disorders, the components of which can progress and lead to obesity. However, at the moment, the presence and nature of interrelations of metabolic parameters with the type of nutrition have not been established, there is also no clear idea of the age and structure of the initial manifestations of metabolic shifts, the prevalence of eating disorders in children born prematurely. AIMS: To determine the frequency and structure of the initial manifestations of the metabolic syndrome (abdominal obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia, hypertension); to establish associations of types of eating behavior with biochemical parameters characterizing the adverse metabolic phenotype in children and adolescents born prematurely. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 123 children: in the main group (group 1) there were children and adolescents aged 10-17 years 11 months who were born prematurely (less than 37 weeks at birth and less than 2500 grams at birth), in the control group (group 2) included full-term children (more than 37 weeks and more than 2500 grams at birth). The study included clinical anthropometry with measurement of body weight, height, waist circumference (WC) and hips (HC), followed by calculation of body mass index (BMI) and ratio of WC/HC, measurement of blood pressure (BP). Eating behavior (EB) was assessed using a modified validated Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ). RESULTS: WC equal to or above the 90th percentile were only in children from the main group (4 children (9.7%).There were not observed such parameters in the control group (χ²=4.63, p=0.047). BP higher than the 95th percentile was observed mainly in children born prematurely: 19 children (46.3%) against one (3.3%) of the control group (χ²=21.94, p <0.001). Eating disorders are often found in both groups (59 of 123 (47.9%)): the control group had 35 of 65 (53.8%) children against 24 of 58 (41.4%) of the main group (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The components of metabolic syndrome are registered more often in children born prematurely. Eating disorders are often found in both groups

Heat-Resistant Concrete for Collector Bars of Aluminum Reduction Сells Insulation

In aluminium reduction technology it’s possible to reduce energy consumption and increase current efficiency by decreasing anode-cathode distance and horizontal currents in molten aluminium. Horizontal currents can be decreased by replacing insulation between cathode carbon block and collector bar in area of “ledge border – anode periphery projection on lining”. As an insulator it’s technologically and economically preferable to use refractory concrete which have good adhesion to steel, and chemical resistance against cryolite-alumina melt, sufficiently low compressive strength, which prevents cathode carbon block destruction in case of insulator volume expansion due to electrolyte attack. Results of the refractory concrete properties studies results in order to select the optimal bar’s insulator material composition are presentedПри производстве алюминия снизить удельный расход электроэнергии и повысить выход по току возможно за счет уменьшения расстояния между анодом и катодом МПР с одновременным снижением горизонтальных токов в расплавленном алюминии. Снижение горизонтальных токов может быть достигнуто размещением электроизоляции между катодным угольным блоком и блюмсом на участке «граница настыли – проекция периферии анода на подину». В качестве электроизоляционного материала наиболее технологично и экономично использовать жаростойкий бетон, имеющий хорошую адгезию к стали и химическую стойкость к воздействию криолит-глиноземного расплава, достаточно малую прочность на сжатие, что исключит разрушение катодного угольного блока в случае увеличения объема электроизоляционной вставки под воздействием электролита. В статье приводятся результаты исследований свойств некоторых жаростойких бетонов с целью выбора оптимального состава материала для электроизоляции блюмсов алюминиевого электролизер

Microbiota of Cow’s Milk with Udder Pathologies

Mastitis is the most common disease for cattle, causing great economic losses for the global dairy industry. Recent studies indicate the multi-agent and microbiome diversity of this disease. To understand the nature of mastitis and investigate the role of the microbiome in the development of pathologies in the udder of bovines, we performed NGS sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene of cow’s milk with pathologies of the udder. The obtained data show a significant increase in the Cutibacterium, Blautia, Clostridium sensu stricto 2, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Microbacterium genera for groups of cows with udder pathologies. Increasing relative abundance of the Staphylococcus and Streptococcus genera was associated with subclinical mastitis. Our data show that a relative increase in abundance of the Staphylococcus and Microbacterium genera may be an early sign of infection. We have shown, for the first time, an increase in the Colidextribacter, Paeniclostridium and Turicibacter genera in groups of cows with mastitis. These results expand our understanding of the role of the microbiome in the development of bovine mastitis

Heat-Resistant Concrete for Collector Bars of Aluminum Reduction Сells Insulation

In aluminium reduction technology it’s possible to reduce energy consumption and increase current efficiency by decreasing anode-cathode distance and horizontal currents in molten aluminium. Horizontal currents can be decreased by replacing insulation between cathode carbon block and collector bar in area of “ledge border – anode periphery projection on lining”. As an insulator it’s technologically and economically preferable to use refractory concrete which have good adhesion to steel, and chemical resistance against cryolite-alumina melt, sufficiently low compressive strength, which prevents cathode carbon block destruction in case of insulator volume expansion due to electrolyte attack. Results of the refractory concrete properties studies results in order to select the optimal bar’s insulator material composition are presentedПри производстве алюминия снизить удельный расход электроэнергии и повысить выход по току возможно за счет уменьшения расстояния между анодом и катодом МПР с одновременным снижением горизонтальных токов в расплавленном алюминии. Снижение горизонтальных токов может быть достигнуто размещением электроизоляции между катодным угольным блоком и блюмсом на участке «граница настыли – проекция периферии анода на подину». В качестве электроизоляционного материала наиболее технологично и экономично использовать жаростойкий бетон, имеющий хорошую адгезию к стали и химическую стойкость к воздействию криолит-глиноземного расплава, достаточно малую прочность на сжатие, что исключит разрушение катодного угольного блока в случае увеличения объема электроизоляционной вставки под воздействием электролита. В статье приводятся результаты исследований свойств некоторых жаростойких бетонов с целью выбора оптимального состава материала для электроизоляции блюмсов алюминиевого электролизер