O ambiente virtual Moodle como espaço de articulação e organização docente

Propõe o plano de desenvolvimento e a construção de um protótipo de ação docente de Coordenação Pedagógica estruturada em ambiente virtual Moodle e a análise do trabalho realizado.33 páginasEducação e DocênciaNível: Micro - Ensino e Aprendizagem na Educação a Distância Área Temática: Interação e comunicação em comunidades de aprendizage

Gestão Escolar: Enfoques Teóricos, Concepções e Formação Docente

A gestão escolar é um trabalho de mediação com vistas ao cumprimento das finalidades educacionais, as quais podem assumir sentido destoante de uma orientação filosófica emancipadora. A reflexão sobre a gestão escolar torna-se importante contribuição aos processos de formação docente para o exercício desse trabalho. Entendemos que, sem a reflexão teórica e crítica, a gestão assume um caráter praticista e burocrático, alinhando-se facilmente à lógica neoliberal. Assim, a partir de uma perspectiva crítica, refletimos sobre a gestão escolar, abordando os enfoques teóricos e as concepções a eles associados e aspectos relevantes da formação docente para a efetivação da práxis educativa

O Discurso Filosófico como Legitimação do Poder e Formação do Estado

O artigo aborda a genealogia do conhecimento como maneira de compreensão do discurso filosófico que embasa a legitimação do poder e a formação do Estado. A participação popular deve estar pautada pela melhor organização da máquina pública, representando de forma cristalina os anseios da sociedade e conferindo maior segurança às decisões políticas a serem tomadas. Ademais, o artigo que aqui se apresenta tem um viés exploratório e descritivo, fundamentado em uma abordagem qualitativa, a qual partiu da análise de documentos e de observações da realidade que foram confrontados com a recente doutrina sobre o tema e a legislação vigente

Prevalence and influence of overweight and obesity on clinical and epidemiological profile of breast cancer patients in the North of Mato Grosso, Brazil: a retrospective cross-sectional study

Obesity is one of the main preventable risk factors in post-menopausal breast cancer. This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to demonstrate the clinical and epidemiological profile of breast cancer patients diagnosed in the period from 2013 to 2018 in the North of Mato Grosso, Brazil and to verify the prevalence and influence of overweight and obesity in these patients. Data were collected from patient’s medical records who were diagnosed with breast carcinoma in the Department of Oncology of Santo Antônio’s Hospital, in Sinop-MT. 196 patients were included. 99.5% were women. The majority were married, ≥50 years old (57.7%) and overweight or obese. In the overweight and obesity group the percentage of patients with invasive breast carcinoma were significantly higher when compared with eutrophic group (p=0.03). In all groups the profile of estrogen and progesterone receptors positive and HER-2 negative were more prevalent, however, the frequency of triple negative profile was higher in the overweight (7.1%) and obesity (6.3%) group when compared with control (4.3%) group, as well as the presence of hypertension and diabetes. In conclusion, it was observed a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in breast cancer patients, which contributed to modify the histological type of breast cancer (high prevalence of invasive and lobular carcinomas), increase the frequency of patients in stages 3 and 4, the percentage of triple negative profile and the frequency of other comorbidities, as hypertension and diabetes. Furthermore, metformin, an antidiabetic drug, seems to be contributing to reduce tumor development and improve the clinical profile and prognosis in diabetic breast cancer patients

Overweight/obesity aggravates hospital complications in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a systematic review

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become a pandemic and patients with overweight and obesity have been reported to be at increased risk for complications from COVID-19. In this context, the objective of the present systematic review was to demonstrate the evidence relating the association or not of overweight and obesity with the prevalence of complications and worst prognosis in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs, JMIR, ScienceDirect, Springer, Wiley and Web of Science were used to identify studies published in the period from 2020 to 2021.  This work was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and PICOS approach. The review included non-randomized or randomized controlled clinical trials, cohort, case-control, cross-sectional and observational studies, and the patient’s included in the studies should present overweight or obesity and COVID-19. From 395 articles, 49 studies met the scope of the review and were selected to be evaluated in this systematic review. According to the selected articles, it was observed that most patients hospitalized with COVID-19 were overweight/obese, elderly (mean age between 60 and 65 years old) and male. Overweight and obesity significantly contributed to increase the incidence of complications as longer hospital stay, invasive mechanical ventilation, non-invasive ventilation, kidney injury, septic shock, heart injury and ICU admission, increasing the rate of deaths. It was observed that the overweight and obesity significantly contributed to increase the incidence of complications and promote a worst prognosis in those patients, being present in most hospital complications

Mortality due to malignant neoplasms of the liver and intrahepatic biliary tract in the state of Mato Grosso in 2020

Malignant neoplasms of the liver and intrahepatic biliary tract occupy the third place of cancer deaths in the world and the second most deadly in men and the sixth in women. Eating habits characterized by the consumption of food with high caloric and glycemic indexes, associated with a sedentary lifestyle, provide a greater risk of developing hepatic steatosis, as well as obesity, which, together with the increased incidence of chronic viral hepatitis, excessive alcoholism, and age over 50 years, constitute the main risk factors for the development of these types of cancer. In addition, due to the chronicity of liver pathologies, the diagnosis is usually late, a factor that contributes to increase the mortality rate. Thus, the objective of this work is to analyze the epidemiological profile of deaths due to liver cancer and intrahepatic biliary tract that occurred in the state of Mato Grosso in 2020. This is a cross-sectional study based on data from the Mortality Information System (SIM), made available by the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), and in the population estimate of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) for 2020. A study was carried out of the epidemiological profile of deaths related to liver and intrahepatic biliary ducts neoplasms (CID 10 C-22) of the state of Mato Grosso for the year 2020 regarding age group, sex (gender), and race. A total of 120 deaths due to malignant neoplasms of the liver and intrahepatic biliary tract were reported, corresponding to a mortality rate of approximately 3.4 deaths/100,000 inhabitants, with the proportion of deaths between men and women approximately 4:3. For both sexes, there is an abrupt increase in the incidence of deaths after the sixth decade of life, corresponding to 90% of deaths due to this pathology. Regarding the racial evaluation, deaths are more incident in the yellow race, with about 4.97 deaths/100,000 inhabitants, followed by the black race with 4.87 deaths/100,000 inhabitants. Thus, it is evident that deaths from liver and intrahepatic biliary tract malignant neoplasms in the state of Mato Grosso, in 2020, were concentrated from the sixth decade of life, especially in men, with emphasis on the yellow race. It should be noted that the analysis of epidemiological characteristics is essential for the development of screening policies and early diagnosis in patients with modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors

An Acidic Thermostable Recombinant Aspergillus nidulans Endoglucanase Is Active towards Distinct Agriculture Residues

Aspergillus nidulans is poorly exploited as a source of enzymes for lignocellulosic residues degradation for biotechnological purposes. This work describes the A. nidulans Endoglucanase A heterologous expression in Pichia pastoris, the purification and biochemical characterization of the recombinant enzyme. Active recombinant endoglucanase A (rEG A) was efficiently secreted as a 35 kDa protein which was purified through a two-step chromatography procedure. The highest enzyme activity was detected at 50 ∘ C/pH 4. rEG A retained 100% of activity when incubated at 45 and 55 ∘ C for 72 h. Purified rEG A kinetic parameters towards CMC were determined as = 27.5 ± 4.33 mg/mL, max = 1.185 ± 0.11 mmol/min, and 55.8 IU (international units)/mg specific activity. Recombinant P. pastoris supernatant presented hydrolytic activity towards lignocellulosic residues such as banana stalk, sugarcane bagasse, soybean residues, and corn straw. These data indicate that rEG A is suitable for plant biomass conversion into products of commercial importance, such as second-generation fuel ethanol

Antibody reactivity against potato apyrase, a protein that shares epitopes with Schistosoma mansoni ATP diphosphohydrolase isoforms, in acute and chronically infected mice, after chemotherapy and reinfection

Schistosoma mansoni ATP diphosphohydrolase isoforms and potato apyrase share conserved epitopes. By enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, elevated levels of IgM, IgG2a and IgG1 antibody reactivity against potato apyrase were observed in S. mansoni-infected BALB/c mice during the acute phase of infection, while only IgM and IgG1 antibody reactivity levels maintained elevated during the chronic phase of infection. Antibody reactivity against potato apyrase was monitored over an 11-month period in chronically-infected mice treated with oxamniquine. Eleven months later, the level of seropositive IgM decreased significantly (~30%) compared to the level found in untreated, infected mice. The level of seropositive IgG1 decreased significantly four months after treatment (MAT) (61%) and remained at this level even after 11 months. The IgG2a reactivity against potato apyrase, although unchanged during chronic phase to 11 MAT, appeared elevated again in re-infected mice suggesting a response similar to that found during the acute phase. BALB/c mouse polyclonal anti-potato apyrase IgG reacted with soluble egg antigens probably due to the recognition of parasite ATP diphosphohydrolase. This study, for the first time, showed that the IgG2a antibody from S. mansoni-infected BALB mice cross-reacts with potato apyrase and the level of IgG2a in infected mice differentiates disease phases. The results also suggest that different conserved-epitopes contribute to the immune response in schistosomiasis

Incidência de pancreatite aguda: Impactos na saúde pública e estratégias de prevenção

A pancreatite aguda é uma inflamação súbita do pâncreas que pode variar de casos leves e autolimitados a quadros graves e potencialmente fatais. Esta condição é uma das principais causas de internação hospitalar relacionada a doenças gastrointestinais em todo o mundo. No Brasil, o impacto da pancreatite aguda nas internações hospitalares tem se mostrado significativo, refletindo tanto na sobrecarga do sistema de saúde quanto nos custos associados ao tratamento. A natureza urgente da maioria dos casos requer intervenção médica imediata para prevenir complicações severas, como necrose pancreática, infecções e falência de órgãos. Com uma distribuição desigual de casos e custos entre as diferentes regiões do país, a análise das internações por pancreatite aguda oferece informações importantes sobre as disparidades no acesso e na qualidade dos cuidados de saúde. Além disso, o estudo dos fatores demográficos e comportamentais associados às internações pode ajudar na formulação de políticas de prevenção e manejo mais eficazes, visando reduzir a incidência e a severidade dessa condição. Trata-se de estudo descritivo e retrospectivo com análise de dados secundários, que traçou o perfil epidemiológico das internações hospitalares causadas por pancreatite aguda registradas no Sistema de Informações Hospitalares, disponível no DATASUS. As internações selecionadas foram de janeiro de 2019 e dezembro de 2023 no território nacional. Por se tratar de uma análise secundária, não houve a necessidade de submetê-lo ao Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. As internações por pancreatite aguda destacam uma série de desafios e disparidades no sistema de saúde. Com um aumento de 3% nas internações, a maioria dos casos foi registrada na região Sudeste, que também apresentou os maiores custos associados. A predominância de internações de urgência, que somaram 95% do total, sublinha a gravidade e a natureza imprevisível da condição. A análise revelou uma vulnerabilidade particular entre homens pardos e indivíduos na faixa etária de 40 a 49 anos, indicando a necessidade de abordagens direcionadas de prevenção e tratamento para esses grupos. A desigualdade regional nos custos de internação e no acesso a serviços de saúde especializados aponta para a necessidade de políticas públicas que promovam a equidade e melhorem a infraestrutura médica nas regiões menos favorecidas