Multifractal properties of critical eigenstates in two-dimensional systems with symplectic symmetry

The multifractal properties of electronic eigenstates at the metal-insulator transition of a two-dimensional disordered tight-binding model with spin-orbit interaction are investigated numerically. The correlation dimensions of the spectral measure $\widetilde{D}_{2}$ and of the fractal eigenstate $D_{2}$ are calculated and shown to be related by $D_{2}=2\widetilde{D}_{2}$. The exponent $\eta=0.35\pm 0.05$ describing the energy correlations of the critical eigenstates is found to satisfy the relation $\eta=2-D_{2}$.Comment: 6 pages RevTeX; 3 uuencoded, gzipped ps-figures to appear in J. Phys. Condensed Matte

Process Development Challenges Associated with Gallium Nitride Materials

While attempting to fabricate low resistance Ohmic contacts to n-GaN and n-AlGaN, processing setbacks necessitated the development of new procedures within the Semiconductor and Microsystems Fabrication Lab (SMFL) at RIT. Photoresist coating recipes usable on GaN pieces were developed for OiR-620 and LOR-5A photoresists, and GaN was etched for the first time on the LAM4600 reactive ion etcher (RIE). The etch was successful, etched GaN at a rate of 187.2 Å/min, and exhibited selectivity between GaN and hard-baked photoresist comparable to an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etch of the same chemical makeup. An Ohmic Ti to n-GaN contact was fabricated, but was not optimized for low resistance due to time constraints. These processing solutions will enable future GaN-based projects in the SMFL

Truncated Battery Power Following Strategy for Energy Management Control of Series Hybrid Electric Vehicles

This paper deals with the optimal energy management control of series hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) by which their fuel consumption is minimized. Based on the modeling of the essential dynamics of a series HEV and its powertrain, closed-form solutions of the optimal energy source power split are formulated. These solutions yield a set of simple heuristic control rules, by which a novel rule-based control strategy, the truncated battery power following strategy (TBFS), is developed for optimally allocating the hybrid energy sources to satisfy the demanded propulsion power. Numerical examples show that the TBFS is able to reproduce the globally optimal solutions found by dynamic programming (DP), but with significantly reduced computation effort, as the TBFS only requires one-dimensional parameter tuning, rather than solving an optimization problem. The results also indicate its benchmark potential for high-fidelity HEV models, where DP is no longer applicable

Exactly solvable model with two conductor-insulator transitions driven by impurities

We present an exact analysis of two conductor-insulator transitions in the random graph model. The average connectivity is related to the concentration of impurities. The adjacency matrix of a large random graph is used as a hopping Hamiltonian. Its spectrum has a delta peak at zero energy. Our analysis is based on an explicit expression for the height of this peak, and a detailed description of the localized eigenvectors and of their contribution to the peak. Starting from the low connectivity (high impurity density) regime, one encounters an insulator-conductor transition for average connectivity 1.421529... and a conductor-insulator transition for average connectivity 3.154985.... We explain the spectral singularity at average connectivity e=2.718281... and relate it to another enumerative problem in random graph theory, the minimal vertex cover problem.Comment: 4 pages revtex, 2 fig.eps [v2: new title, changed intro, reorganized text

Scaling of Level Statistics at the Disorder-Induced Metal-Insulator Transition

The distribution of energy level separations for lattices of sizes up to 28$\times$28$\times$28 sites is numerically calculated for the Anderson model. The results show one-parameter scaling. The size-independent universality of the critical level spacing distribution allows to detect with high precision the critical disorder $W_{c}=16.35$. The scaling properties yield the critical exponent, $\nu =1.45 \pm 0.08$, and the disorder dependence of the correlation length.Comment: 11 pages (RevTex), 3 figures included (tar-compressed and uuencoded using UUFILES), to appear in Phys.Rev. B 51 (Rapid Commun.

Evaluation of children's centres in England (ECCE) : strand 1: first survey of children's centre leaders in the most deprived areas

This report is the first output from the Evaluation of Children's Centres in England (ECCE), a six year study commissioned by the Department for Education and undertaken by NatCen Social Research, the University of Oxford and Frontier Economics. The aim of ECCE is to provide an in-depth understanding of children's centre services, including their effectiveness in relation to different management and delivery approaches and the cost of delivering different types of services. The aim of Strand 1 is to profile children’s centres in the most disadvantaged areas, providing estimates on different aspects of provision with which to select centres for subsequent stages of the evaluation and to explore different models of provision. The findings below relate to 500 children's centres that are representative of all phase 1 and 2 centres (i.e. those in the 30percent most deprived areas).</p

Gate Stack Dielectric Degradation of Rare-Earth Oxides Grown on High Mobility Ge Substrates

We report on the dielectric degradation of Rare-Earth Oxides (REOs), when used as interfacial buffer layers together with HfO2 high-k films (REOs/HfO2) on high mobility Ge substrates. Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) devices with these stacks,show dissimilar charge trapping phenomena under varying levels of Constant- Voltage-Stress (CVS) conditions, which also influences the measured densities of the interface (Nit) and border (NBT) traps. In the present study we also report on C-Vg hysteresis curves related to Nit and NBT. We also propose a new model based on Maxwell-Wagner instabilities mechanism that explains the dielectric degradations (current decay transient behavior) of the gate stack devices grown on high mobility substrates under CVS bias from low to higher fields, and which is unlike to those used for other MOS devices. Finally, the time dependent degradation of the corresponding devices revealed an initial current decay due to relaxation, followed by charge trapping and generation of stress-induced leakage which eventually lead to hard breakdown after long CVS stressing.Comment: 19pages (double space), 7 figures, original research article, Submitted to JAP (AIP

Dynamic Analysis of Double Wishbone Front Suspension Systems for Sport Motorcycles

In this paper, two alternative front suspension systems and their influence on motorcycle dynamics are investigated. Based on an existing motorcycle mathematical model, the front end is modified to accommodate both Girder and Hossack suspension systems. Both of them have in common a double wishbone design that varies the front end geometry on certain manoeuvrings and, consequently, the machine’s behaviour. The kinematics of the two systems and their impact on the motorcycle performance is analysed and compared to the well known telescopic fork suspension system. Stability study for both systems is carried out by means of root-loci methods, in which the main oscillation modes, weave and wobble, are studied and compared to the baseline model

Delocalization and spin-wave dynamics in ferromagnetic chains with long-range correlated random exchange

We study the one-dimensional quantum Heisenberg ferromagnet with exchange couplings exhibiting long-range correlated disorder with power spectrum proportional to $1/k^{\alpha}$, where $k$ is the wave-vector of the modulations on the random coupling landscape. By using renormalization group, integration of the equations of motion and exact diagonalization, we compute the spin-wave localization length and the mean-square displacement of the wave-packet. We find that, associated with the emergence of extended spin-waves in the low-energy region for $\alpha > 1$, the wave-packet mean-square displacement changes from a long-time super-diffusive behavior for $\alpha <1$ to a long-time ballistic behavior for $\alpha > 1$. At the vicinity of $\alpha =1$, the mobility edge separating the extended and localized phases is shown to scale with the degree of correlation as $E_c\propto (\alpha -1)^{1/3}$.Comment: PRB to appea

Spatio-temporal conjecture for diffusion

We present here a conjecture about the equivalence between the noise density of states of a system governed by a generalized Langevin equation and the fluctuation in the energy density of states in a Hamiltonian system. We present evidence of this for a disordered Heisenberg system.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure. Submitted to Physica