Asosiasi Konsorsium Bakteri Pseudomonas Pseudoalcaligenes dan Micrococus Luteus dengan Lamtoro (Leucaena Leucocephala (Lamk.) De Wit) dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Bioremediasi Minyak Bumi

Penelitian mengenai Asosiasi Konsorsium Bakteri Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes dan Micrococus luteus dengan Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala (Lamk.) de Wit) Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Bioremediasi Minyak Bumi telah dilakukan pada bulan Januari-Maret 2012 di area jurusan Biologi, Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Jurusan Biologi dan Laboratorium Kimia Analisa Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Sriwijaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kerja sama antara tanaman Leucaena leucocephala dengan konsorsium bakteri Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes dan Micrococus luteus dalam proses bioremediasi minyak bumi dengan menghitung penurunan nilai TPH, jumlah sel bakteri dan pertumbuhan tanaman. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 6 kali ulangan. Dimana penanaman lamtoro dilakukan setelah 4 minggu inokulasi bakteri. Variabel yang diamati yaitu penurunan nilai TPH, jumlah populasi bakteri dan pertumbuhan tanaman. Hasil yang didapat, menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan B3 (inokulasi bakteri Micrococus luteus dan Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes dan penanaman lamtoro) menghasilkan rata-rata jumlah sel bakteri tertinggi setiap minggunya, pertambahan berat basah tertinggi mencapai 9,67 ± 2,357 dan penurunan rata-rata nilai TPH tertinggi yaitu sebesar 2,85%. Sedangkan perlakuan yang terendah pada perhitungan rata-rata jumlah sel bakteri terdapat pada B0 (bioreaktor) dan pada pertambahan berat basah tanaman , B1 (lamtoro saja) memiliki nilai yang terendah yaitu 1,55%. Konsorsium bakteri Micrococus luteus dan Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes menunjukkan kerja sama yang baik dengan lamtoro dalam upaya meningkatkan bioremediasi minyak bumi

Dyspepsia in Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Gastropathy

Background: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) gastropathy is a common complication, which has characteristic symptoms of dyspepsia syndrome. Mostly, it includes epigastric discomfort with bloating and nausea. The aim of this study was to provide evidences that clinical symptoms of dyspepsia are related to macroscopic changes of gastric form in rats, which are expected to be applied in human. Method: The study was conducted in 20 white rats (Rattus norvegicus, Sprague-Dawley strain) at the Department of Pathology and Clinical Reproduction, Bogor Agricultural University between January and December 2008. The rats were divided to treatment group and control group and each group consisted of 10 rats. Acetyl salicylic acid (ASA/aspirin) was administered at 400 mg dose, diluted in distilled water and was given to the treatment group using gastric cannula, once daily for three days period; while the control group had received aquabidest only. Subsequently, necropsies were conducted for both groups, followed by macroscopic observation and measurement of sagittal and transversal diameter. Gastric incisions along the minor curvature were performed in both groups to recognize any macroscopic changes of gastric mucosa. ANOVA test was utilized for data analysis, which was followed by Duncan test when the results were significant. Results: Gastric diameters in treatment group with positive lesion were significantly different from the control group and the treatment group with negative lesion on anthrum/pylorus region, with p < 0.05. Conclusion: Prominent gastric dilatation at anthrum/pylorus region found in the treatment group may become the initial cause and signs of dyspepsia in human

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Ekstrak Malt dan Sumber Eksplan yang Berbeda terhadap Induksi Tunas secara Langsung pada Limau Kue\u27 (Citrus SP)

Penelitian pengaruh konsentrasi ekstrak malt dan sumber eksplan yang berbeda terhadap induksi tunas secara langsung pada Limau Kue\u27 (Citrus sp) secara in vitro telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi ekstrak malt dan sumber eksplan terhadap induksi tunas secara langsung. Dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi mengenai pengaruh konsentrasi ekstrak malt dan sumber eksplan terhadap induksi tunas serta sebagai langkah awal propagasi Limau Kue\u27. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan penambahan ekstrak malt dengan 6 taraf konsentrasi yaitu 0, 100, 150, 200, 250 dan 300 mg/L. Semua kombinasi media perlakuan digunakan untuk menanam eksplan (hipokotil, epikotil dan kotiledon) yang berasal dari biji Limau Kue\u27 yang dikecambahkan secara steril, masing-masing diulang 2 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kotiledon dan hipokotil, semua perlakuan yang dicobakan belum mampu menginduksi tumbuhnya tunas, tetapi hanya penginduksi tumbuhnya kalus. Tunas tumbuh hanya pada eksplan epikotil. Tunas paling cepat muncul pada perlakuan M3 (penambahan ekstrak malt 150 mg/L) yaitu 6,5 hari setelah penanaman dengan tinggi kalus yang mencapai paling panjang yaitu 28,9 mm

Mechanisms of Dermatophyte Invasion on New Zealand Rabbit Skin Models

Dermatophytosis is a dermatophyte fungi infection most commonly found in animals and humans. The first step of infection is started from the attachment of arthroconidium into stratum corneum. The attachment of fungi to the host cell is mediated by fungi adhesin and its interaction with the host receptor. The objective of this research was to develop the infection model of Microsporum gypseum and Microsporum canis by inoculating the macroconidia intradermally on the rabbit model. The macroconidia collection method from culture media was re-visualized as fungi ultrastructure using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Skin lesion analysis was measured from clinical changes of the skin based on primary dermatophytosis signs such as circular alopecia with erythema and squamosal. Clinical confirmation test was done via skin sampling followed by histopathological examination using Methenamine Silver—Grocott’s (GMS) staining. As a result of this research, the in vivo infection model through direct infection of macroconidia applied intradermally was very effective in improving the direct infection to the invasion phase on the skin. This model confirmed the epidermal differentiation process and skin permeability showed primary lesion within 2 hours and aggravated up to 6 hours after inoculation. In conclusion, macroconidium is a potential source of infection to induce the dermatophytosis model and the severity of primary injection correlated with duration and the scale of clinical symptoms exhibited. This is a promising model for further research on the mechanism involved in dermatophyte infection

Innate and adaptive resistance of Indonesian Thin Tail sheep to liver fluke: A comparative analysis of Fasciola gigantica and Fasciola hepatica infection

In the current study, three independent trials directly compared Fasciola gigantica and Fasciola hepatica infection of ITT sheep. In all trials, F. hepatica infection resulted in higher worm burden recoveries and greater physiological damage to ITT sheep. Developmental differences of the two Fasciola species were also observed during the first twelve weeks of a primary infection, where the migration and growth of F. hepatica was more rapid than F. gigantica. Various immunological blood parameters were measured and indicated similar kinetics in the humoral and cellular responses during the time course of infection with each Fasciola species. In contrast to F. hepatica infection, we demonstrate an innate and adaptive comparative ability of ITT sheep to resist the early stages of infection with F. gigantica infection. Unraveling the mechanisms leading to this differential resistance may potentially lead to new methods for the control of fasciolosis and other human liver flukes