Valorisation des déchets d’agroressources par bioproduction d’acide citrique

Une étude sur la production d’acide citrique à partir de divers déchets de fruits et d’amylacés a été entreprise pour leurs potentielles valorisations. Les résultats obtenus pour les fruits montrent que les pulpes de la papaye (Carica papaya), du fruit de la passion (Passiflora edulis) et de la mirabelle (Prunus domestica) donnent les meilleurs rapports des teneurs en acide citrique sur la quantité de sucres totaux consommés avec des valeurs respectives de 0,58 ; 0,63 et 0,77 ainsi que des quantités d’acide citrique produites respectives de 72,5 ; 91, 3 et 61,6 g/kg. Pour les amylacés, l’épluchure de la patate douce (Ipomoea batatas) présente la meilleure production d’acide citrique et le meilleur rapport des teneurs en acide citrique sur la quantité de sucres totaux consommés avec des valeurs respectives de 16,7 g/kg et 0,28. De façon générale, les teneurs en acide citrique, inférieurs à 50g/kg pendant les trois premiers jours de fermentation évoluent vers des valeurs de 100-287 g/kg au douzième jour. L’étude de la variation du potentiel Hydrogène montre qu’il décroit rapidement au cours de la fermentation des différents déchets.A study on the production of citric acid from various fruit and starch wastes was performed for their potential valorization. The results obtained for the fruits show that the pulp of the papaya (Carica papaya), the passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) and the mirabelle fruit (Prunus domestica) gave the best ratios of the citric acid contents on the quantity of total sugars consumed with respective values of 0.58; 0.63 and 0.77 and respectively produced citric acid amounts of 72.5; 91, 3 and 61.6 g/kg. For starchy foods, sweet potato peels (Ipomoea batatas) had the best citric acid production and the best ratio of the citric acid contents on the quantity of total sugars consumed with respective values of 16.7g / kg and 0.28g. In general, the citric acid contents, lower than 50 g/kg during the first three days of fermentation evolve to values of 100-287 g/kg on the twelfth day. The study of the Hydrogen potential variation shows that it decreases rapidly during the various wastes fermentation

Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose Triacetate from Cocoa Pod Husk

The valorisation of agricultural residues into a high value-added product is necessary to respond to the global environmental concerns caused by the pollution of agricultural waste. The objective of this study was to shed light on a new value-added usage of cocoa pod husk (CPH) for the synthesis of cellulose triacetate (CTA). Alkaline treatment with sodium hydroxide (5 wt%) followed by bleaching process with (2 wt%) hydrogen peroxide was found effective for the extraction of cellulose from CPH. The percentage of cellulose obtained was 80.5% with a yield of 54%. The CTA was synthesised by a explore new way acetylation reaction in the presence of acetic acid, acetic anhydride, and sulphuric acid. The CTA obtained had a degree of substitution of 2.87 and a percentage of acetylated group of 43.8%, as determined by titration. The result of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed the appearance of the stretching of the ester and the acetyl groups, indicating the formation of CTA. X-ray diffraction showed that the crystallinity index of CPH cellulose was 38.4%, while indicating the semi-crystalline nature of CTA produced. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed a change in the morphology of CTA after acetylation. X-ray energy dispersive analysis showed that the CTA was mainly composed of carbon and oxygen