Performance evaluation method of spherical bearing based on correlation and sensitivity analysis and SVM

In order to ensure the safety of bridge structure operation, the working mechanism and damage mechanism of spherical steel bearings commonly used in urban rail transit bridges and large highway bridges are studied. This study combines correlation and sensitivity analysis methods, and proposes that the correlation between output parameters and input parameters and the order of sensitivity are used as the basis for selecting spherical steel bearings. The sudden change of the sensitivity of each operating point is used as the basis for index division, and the discriminating system of spherical steel bearings is established accordingly. Combined with SVM, it is trained into a ball-type steel bearing safety level discrimination model. Through the test data test, the results show that the test of the discriminant model is effective

Comprehensive evaluation of the response to aluminum stress in olive tree (Olea europaea L.)

Olive (Olea europaea L.) is an ancient tree species in the Mediterranean, but the lack of knowledge about aluminum-resistant varieties limits its introduction to acidic soil. The objective of this study was to have a comprehensive evaluation of the response to aluminum stress in olive tree at germplasm, metabolome, and transcriptome levels. In this experiment, seedlings of 97 olive germplasm with 1.0–3.0 cm roots and two leaves were treated with 50 μM Al3+ (pH = 5.0). By factor analysis of the traits of defoliation rate, rooting rate, length of extended root, and length of new root, 97 germplasm were classified into five different groups according to their diverse responses to aluminum stress: 5 highly resistant (5.15%), 30 moderately resistant (30.93%), 31 general (31.96%), 23 moderately sensitive (23.71%), and 8 highly sensitive (8.25%) germplasm. The three most sensitive and three most resistant germplasm were further used for metabolome and transcriptome analysis. Exposed to aluminum stress, 96 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs)/4,845 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 66 DAMs/2,752 DEGs were identified in highly sensitive and resistant germplasm, respectively. Using multi-omics technology, the pathways and related DAMs/DEGs involved in cell wall/cytoplasm receptors, reactive oxygen species balance, hormone induction, synthesis of organic acids, Al3+ transport, and synthesis of metabolites were identified to mainly regulate the response to aluminum stress in olive. This study provides a theoretical guide and prior germplasm and genes for further genetic improvement of aluminum tolerance in the olive tree

Genomic analysis of the domestication and post-Spanish conquest evolution of the llama and alpaca

Background Despite their regional economic importance and being increasingly reared globally, the origins and evolution of the llama and alpaca remain poorly understood. Here we report reference genomes for the llama, and for the guanaco and vicuña (their putative wild progenitors), compare these with the published alpaca genome, and resequence seven individuals of all four species to better understand domestication and introgression between the llama and alpaca. Results Phylogenomic analysis confirms that the llama was domesticated from the guanaco and the alpaca from the vicuña. Introgression was much higher in the alpaca genome (36%) than the llama (5%) and could be dated close to the time of the Spanish conquest, approximately 500 years ago. Introgression patterns are at their most variable on the X-chromosome of the alpaca, featuring 53 genes known to have deleterious X-linked phenotypes in humans. Strong genome-wide introgression signatures include olfactory receptor complexes into both species, hypertension resistance into alpaca, and fleece/fiber traits into llama. Genomic signatures of domestication in the llama include male reproductive traits, while in alpaca feature fleece characteristics, olfaction-related and hypoxia adaptation traits. Expression analysis of the introgressed region that is syntenic to human HSA4q21, a gene cluster previously associated with hypertension in humans under hypoxic conditions, shows a previously undocumented role for PRDM8 downregulation as a potential transcriptional regulation mechanism, analogous to that previously reported at high altitude for hypoxia-inducible factor 1α. Conclusions The unprecedented introgression signatures within both domestic camelid genomes may reflect post-conquest changes in agriculture and the breakdown of traditional management practices

Reinforced Structured State-Evolution for Vision-Language Navigation

Vision-and-language Navigation (VLN) task requires an embodied agent to navigate to a remote location following a natural language instruction. Previous methods usually adopt a sequence model (e.g., Transformer and LSTM) as the navigator. In such a paradigm, the sequence model predicts action at each step through a maintained navigation state, which is generally represented as a one-dimensional vector. However, the crucial navigation clues (i.e., object-level environment layout) for embodied navigation task is discarded since the maintained vector is essentially unstructured. In this paper, we propose a novel Structured state-Evolution (SEvol) model to effectively maintain the environment layout clues for VLN. Specifically, we utilise the graph-based feature to represent the navigation state instead of the vector-based state. Accordingly, we devise a Reinforced Layout clues Miner (RLM) to mine and detect the most crucial layout graph for long-term navigation via a customised reinforcement learning strategy. Moreover, the Structured Evolving Module (SEM) is proposed to maintain the structured graph-based state during navigation, where the state is gradually evolved to learn the object-level spatial-temporal relationship. The experiments on the R2R and R4R datasets show that the proposed SEvol model improves VLN models' performance by large margins, e.g., +3% absolute SPL accuracy for NvEM and +8% for EnvDrop on the R2R test set.Comment: Accepted to CVPR 202

Metformin and Resveratrol Inhibited High Glucose-Induced Metabolic Memory of Endothelial Senescence through SIRT1/p300/p53/p21 Pathway.

Endothelial senescence plays crucial roles in diabetic vascular complication. Recent evidence indicated that transient hyperglycaemia could potentiate persistent diabetic vascular complications, a phenomenon known as "metabolic memory." Although SIRT1 has been demonstrated to mediate high glucose-induced endothelial senescence, whether and how "metabolic memory" would affect endothelial senescence through SIRT1 signaling remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the involvement of SIRT1 axis as well as the protective effects of resveratrol (RSV) and metformin (MET), two potent SIRT1 activators, during the occurrence of "metabolic memory" of cellular senescence (senescent "memory"). Human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured in either normal glucose (NG)/high glucose (HG) media for 6 days, or 3 days of HG followed by 3 days of NG (HN), with or without RSV or MET treatment. It was shown that HN incubation triggered persistent downregulation of deacetylase SIRT1 and upregulation of acetyltransferase p300, leading to sustained hyperacetylation (at K382) and activation of p53, and subsequent p53/p21-mediated senescent "memory." In contrast, senescent "memory" was abrogated by overexpression of SIRT1 or knockdown of p300. Interestingly, we found that SIRT1 and p300 could regulate each other in response to HN stimulation, suggesting that a delicate balance between acetyltransferases and deacetylases may be particularly important for sustained acetylation and activation of non-histone proteins (such as p53), and eventually the occurrence of "metabolic memory." Furthermore, we found that RSV or MET treatment prevented senescent "memory" by modulating SIRT1/p300/p53/p21 pathway. Notably, early and continuous treatment of MET, but not RSV, was particularly important for preventing senescent "memory." In conclusion, short-term high glucose stimulation could induce sustained endothelial senescence via SIRT1/p300/p53/p21 pathway. RVS or MET treatment could enhance SIRT1-mediated signaling and thus protect against senescent "memory" independent of their glucose lowering mechanisms. Therefore, they may serve as promising therapeutic drugs against the development of "metabolic memory.

Identification of Moving Load Characteristic on Pavement Using F-P Cavity Fiber Optical Technology

The weigh-in-motion (WIM) system is a necessary piece of equipment for an intelligent road. It can provide real-time vehicle weight and lateral distribution data on wheel load to effectively support pavement structure design and service life analysis for autonomous driving. This paper proposed an enhanced weigh-in-motion sensors system using Fabry–Pérot (F-P) cavity fiber optical technology. Laboratory testing was performed to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed system and field application was conducted as well. The laboratory results show that the traffic loads could be obtained by measuring the center wavelength changes in the embedded F-P Cavity tunable filter. The laboratory results also show that the vehicle load and the number of vehicle axles can be estimated based on the system transfer function between the dynamic loading and the wavelength variation. The field application indicates that the weighting accuracy of the proposed system could reach 94.46% for moving vehicles, and the vehicle passing speed is the potentially relevant factor. The proposed system also has the ability to estimate the number of vehicle axles and the loading position, and the precision could reach 97.1% and 300 mm, respectively

Genome-Wide Identification and Functional Differentiation of Fatty Acid Desaturase Genes in Olea europaea L.

Olive (Olea europaea L.) is a world-famous woody oil tree and popular for redundant unsaturated fatty acids. Fatty acid desaturase (FAD) genes are responsible for fatty acid desaturation and stress regulation but have not yet been identified in olive at the whole genome level. This study identified 40 and 27 FAD genes in the cultivated olive O. europaea cv. Farga and the wild olive O. europaea var. Sylvestris, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all the FAD genes could be classified into the soluble FAB2/SAD clade and membrane-bound clade, including ADS/FAD5, DES, FAD4, SLD, ω-6 and ω-3, with the high consistency of subcellular localization, motif composition and exon-intron organization in each group. FAD genes in olive showed the diverse functional differentiation in morphology of different tissues, fruit development and stress responses. Among them, OeFAB2.8 and OeFAD2.3 were up-regulated and OeADS.1, OeFAD4.1 and OeFAD8.2 were down-regulated under the wound, Verticillium dahliae and cold stresses. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the FAD genes at the whole-genome level in olives and will provide guidance for the improvement of oil quality or stress tolerance of olive trees

Effect of treatment duration and time points on senescent “memory”.

<p>HUVECs in HN group were treated with RSV or MET during the first 3 days of HG incubation (RSV_1-3 or MET_1-3), the last 3 days of NG incubation (RSV_4-6 or MET_4-6), or during 3 days of HG followed by 3 days of NG incubation (RSV_1-6 or MET_1-6). HUVECs in HN group without treatment of RSV or MET were used as control. (A-C) Immunoblotting and quantification of SIRT1 and SMP-30 protein expression in HUVECs treated with or without RSV. Values were normalized to β-actin. (D) The percentage of SA β-Gal positive cells in HUVECs treated with or without RSV. (E-G) Immunoblotting and quantification of SIRT1 and SMP-30 protein expression in HUVECs treated with or without MET. Values were normalized to β-actin. (H) The percentage of SA β-Gal positive cells in HUVECs treated with or without MET. *<i>P</i> < 0.05 compared to HN without RSV or MET treatment.</p

Effect of resveratrol and/or metformin on SIRT1-mediated signaling and senescent “memory” in HUVECs.

<p>Immunoblotting and quantification of SIRT1 protein expression after (A-B) resveratrol treatment (RSV; 0, 1.25, 2.5, 5, or 10 μM) or (C-D) metformin treatment (MET; 0, 1, 10, 50, 100, 250 μM). Values were normalized to β-actin. (E-J) Immunoblotting and quantification of p300, SIRT1, p21, Ac-p53, and p53 protein expression after RSV (5 μM) or MET (50 μM) treatment. For p300, SIRT1, and p21, values were normalized to β-actin; for Ac-p53, normalized to total p53. (K) The deacetylase activity of SIRT1 in HUVECs treated with or without RSV (5 μM) or MET (50 μM). (L) The percentage of SA β-Gal positive cells in HUVECs treated with or without RSV (5 μM) or MET (50 μM). *<i>P</i> < 0.05.</p