Trajetórias da Educomunicação nas Políticas Públicas e a Formação de seus Profissionais

Esta obra é composta com os trabalhos apresentados no primeiro subtema, TRAJETÓRIA – Educação para a Comunicação como Política pública, nas perspectivas da Educomunicação e da Mídia-Educação, do II Congresso Internacional de Comunicação e Educação. Os artigos pretendem propiciar trocas de informações e produzir reflexões com os leitores sobre os caminhos percorridos, e ainda a percorrer, tendo como meta a expansão e a legitimação das práticas educomunicativas e/ou mídia-educativas como política pública para o atendimento à formação de crianças, adolescentes, jovens e adultos, no Brasil e no mundo

PERFIL DE INFECÇÃO POR S. AUREUS EM PACIENTES INTERNADOS EM INSTITUTO DE REFERÊNCIA PARA INFECTOLOGIA, COM FOCO NAS PESSOAS VIVENDO COM HIV

Introdução: A infecção por S. aureus está associada a alta morbi-mortalidade. Métodos: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo descrevendo infecção grave por S.aureus em pacientes internados de 2016 a 2021. Realizada busca nos registros de microbiologia e revisão de prontuários para coleta de dados. Análise estatística com R 4.0.1 Resultados: Foram incluídos 67 pacientes, que apresentavam os seguintes sítios de infecção: 29 (43.3%) bacteremia e 38 infecções em outros sítios (lesão cutânea, pulmonar e outros). Eram homens 37 (55,2%); 69.4% negros, com idade mediana de 46 anos (IIQ = 31). As comorbidades mais frequentes em pessoas com infecção por S.aureus foram: Diabetes Mellitus (DM 17.9%), Hipertensão (13.4%), Doença Renal Crônica (DRC 11.9%), Câncer Recente (isto é, nos últimos 6 meses (CA 7.5%), Dermatopatia crônica (9%), e HTLV (9%), e pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS (PVHIV) 31(46,3%). Os PVHIV eram mais jovens que os não portadores do vírus (36 vs 60 anos, p < 0,001). A mediana do CD4 foi de 95 células/mm3, e 25/31 (75.8%) das PVHIV estavam em uso de terapia antirretroviral (TARV). Identificou- se que nos PVHIV, 7 (22%) já apresentavam-se colonizados por MRSA na admissão e que 20 (64%) PVHIV tinha infecção comunitária por S.aureus. Nos PVHIV afigurou- se uma prevalência de 38.7% de infecções por MRSA e destes, 100% era sensível a sulfametoxazol-trimetoprima (SXT), à doxiciclina e à linezolida; e 90% a clindamicina, mostrando-se fenotipicamente com padrão de MRSA comunitário. Internação em CTI ocorreu em 32.3% das PVHIV vs 50% (p = 0.22) dos soronegativos, e cerca de 1/3 das PVHIV e das soronegativas necessitou de suporte ventilatório de aminas e de HD. Registrou-se 25.8% de óbitos em 30 dias para os PVHIV vs 20% naqueles soronegativos para HIV (p = 0.789). Conclusão: Nosso estudo mostrou alta taxa de colonização por MRSA (38.7%) em PVHIV com infecção grave por S.aureus, maior que a descrita na população geral sem infecção por S.aureus (0.3% a 1.3%) e nos profissionais de saúde (1.3 a 2.3%). As comorbidades na população geral do estudo se assemelha àquelas descritas em outros estudos, como HIV, DM, Ca recente e condições que predispõem quebra de integridade cutânea – DRC. Observamos uma população mais jovem com S.aureus e HIV comparando com os soronegativos. Em consonância com a literatura, que coloca CD4<200 como um fator de risco para infecções estafilocóciccas, a mediana do CD4 foi de 95 nas PVHIV. Não houve diferença de desfechos graves entre PVHIV e os demais

Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in People Living with HIV: A Retrospective Case—Control Study in Brazil

HIV-infected patients are at particular risk for invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). We describe cases of IPD in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and find associated risk factors for infection and death. Methods: A retrospective case-control study, nested in a cohort, including PLWHA with and without IPD, conducted in Brazil, 2005–2020. Controls were of the same gender/age and seen at the same time/place as cases. Results: We identified 55 episodes of IPD (cases) in 45 patients and 108 controls. The incidence of IPD was 964/100,000 person-years. A total of 42 of 55 (76.4%) IPD episodes presented with pneumonia and 11 (20%) with bacteremia without a focus and 38/45 (84.4%) were hospitalized. Blood cultures were positive in 54/55 (98.2%). Liver cirrhosis and COPD were the only factors associated with IPD in PLWHA in univariate analysis, although no associated factors were found in multivariate analysis. Penicillin resistance was found in 4/45 (8.9%). Regarding antiretroviral therapy (ART), 40/45 (88.9%) cases vs. 80/102 controls (74.1%) were in use (p = 0.07). Patients with HIV and IPD had a higher CD4 count of 267 cells/mm3 compared with the control group, in which it was 140 cells/mm3 (p = 0.027). Pneumococcal vaccination was documented in 19%. Alcoholism (p = 0.018), hepatic cirrhosis (p = 0.003), and lower nadir CD4 count (p = 0.033) were associated with the risk of death in patients with IPD. In-hospital mortality among PLWHA and IPD was 21.1%, and it was associated with thrombocytopenia and hypoalbuminemia, elevated band forms, creatinine, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Conclusions: The incidence of IPD in PLWHA remained high despite ART. The vaccination rate was low. Liver cirrhosis was associated with IPD and death

Resumos concluídos - Educação

Resumos concluídos - Educaçã

Resumos concluídos - Educação

Resumos concluídos - Educaçã

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data