Measurements of the model parameter in the littlest Higgs model with T-parity

In the Littlest Higgs model with T-parity, we study production processes of new gauge bosons at the international linear collider (ILC). Through Monte Carlo simulations of the production processes, we show that the heavy gauge boson masses can be determined very accurately at the ILC for a representative parameter point of the model. From the simulation result, we also discuss the determination of other model parameters at the ILC.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures. Talk given at LCWS08, Chicago, November 200

Suzaku observations of the Hydra A cluster out to the virial radius

We report Suzaku observations of the northern half of the Hydra A cluster out to ~1.4 Mpc, reaching the virial radius. This is the first Suzaku observations of a medium-size (kT ~3 keV) cluster out to the virial radius. Two observations were conducted, north-west and north-east offsets, which continue in a filament direction and a void direction of the large-scale structure of the Universe, respectively. The X-ray emission and distribution of galaxies elongate in the filament direction. The temperature profiles in the two directions are mostly consistent with each other within the error bars and drop to 1.5 keV at 1.5 r_500. As observed by Suzaku in hot clusters, the entropy profile becomes flatter beyond r_500, in disagreement with the r^1.1 relationship that is expected from accretion shock heating models. When scaled with the average intracluster medium (ICM) temperature, the entropy profiles of clusters observed with Suzaku are universal and do not depend on system mass. The hydrostatic mass values in the void and filament directions are in good agreement, and the Navarro, Frenk, and White universal mass profile represents the hydrostatic mass distribution up to ~ 2 r_500. Beyond r_500, the ratio of gas mass to hydrostatic mass exceeds the result of the Wilkinson microwave anisotropy probe, and at r_100, these ratios in the filament and void directions reach 0.4 and 0.3, respectively. We discuss possible deviations from hydrostatic equilibrium at cluster outskirts. We derived radial profiles of the gasmass- to-light ratio and iron-mass-to-light ratio out to the virial radius. Within r_500, the iron-mass-to-light ratio of the Hydra A cluster was compared with those in other clusters observed with Suzaku.Comment: 16 pages, 15 figures; Accepted for publication in PAS

Precision Measurements of Little Higgs Parameters at the International Linear Collider

We investigate a possibility of precision measurements for parameters of the Littlest Higgs model with T-parity at the International Linear Collider (ILC). The model predicts new gauge bosons (AH, ZH, and WH), among which the heavy photon (AH) is a candidate for dark matter. The masses of these new gauge bosons strongly depend on the vacuum expectation value that breaks a global symmetry of the model. Through Monte Carlo simulations of the processes: e+ e- ->AH ZH and e+ e- -> WH+ WH-, we show how precisely the masses can be determined at the ILC for a representative parameter point of the model. We also discuss the determination of the Little Higgs parameters and its impact on the future measurement of the thermal abundance of the dark matter relics in our universe.Comment: 22 pages, 10 figures, 6 tabl

Japanese language instruciton under MEXT 2008 course of study : Learning for developing students' universe of language through transactions with words of others

本研究は,学習者が自分のまわりの他者と出会いかかわり合うことをとおして,自分自身の言葉の世界を広げ,自らの学びを探究していくことができるようにするための効果的な指導法を開発していくことを目的としている。そこで,小学1年生と小学4年生において,他者の言葉として教科書以外のテキストを位置付け,言葉をとおしたかかわり合いの場を意図的,計画的に設定し,教科書本文との比較をとおして読みを深める実践を試みた。1年生では,教科書と絵本を比べることによって,共通点や相違点に気付き,物語の本質的なおもしろさに迫っていくことができた。4年生では,自分の読みをもたせることを大切にした結果,子どもたちは自分たちの考えと比べて感想や疑問を抱きながら本文を読み,主体的な読みを生み出すことができた。二つの実践をとおして,学年やねらいに応じて他者の言葉を設定することの有効性がわかった。その際,他者の言葉を吟味して選択するとともに,比べ方や比べる視点を明確にすることが必要であると感じた。今後は,他者の言葉として,テキストとともに学習者同士のかかわり合いを,授業の中に効果的に生かすことのできる単元づくりを試みたい

Developing Trans-Curriculum Learning of Japanese Language Arts in a K-9 Integrated School : For Nurturing Each Student’s Language Sense and Thought about their Own Life Through Collaborative Work with Peers

本研究は，幼小中一貫校としての特色を生かして，通教科的能力を位置付けた国語科の学習開発を行うことによって，新領域「希望（のぞみ）」との関連を明らかにすることを目的としている。本年度は，幼稚園における言葉の育ちを見とり，小学校での国語科の授業に生かすことによって，幼小期の通教科的能力の育成のあり方について検討し，幼小中12年間を見通した通教科的能力の育成につなげていった。小学校２年生では「スイミー」を，小学校３年生では「モチモチの木」を教材にし，幼稚園児および中学生の読みの解釈を踏まえて授業のねらいを設定した。結果として，読みの系統性を踏まえた課題設定を通して上位学年の読みに近づく学習活動により，通教科的能力の育成に資することができた。The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between “NOZOMI (a Japanese word meaning hope or wish) as a new subject in our school, and our developing literature units for nurturing students’ learning abilities beyond school subjects. After analyzing and interpreting literary texts, including two famous Japanese texts in textbooks for elementary Language Arts from infants’ view, the teaching objectives were determined for lessons aimed at nurturing students’ abilities to adapt to any situation. Based on the outcomes of the lessons about SWIMMY (by Leo Leoni) and THE TREE OF COURAGE (by Ryusuke Saito), the effects on students’ learning abilities were revealed. To develop “NOZOMI” related learning, it would be important to implement learning activities with the task settings following the ladders for reading development so much

Anionic Complex with Efficient Expression and Good Safety Profile for mRNA Delivery

We previously found that a complex comprising plasmid DNA (pDNA), polyethylenimine (PEI), and γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) had high transgene efficiency without cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. However, messenger RNA (mRNA) remains an attractive alternative to pDNA. In this study, we developed a safe and effective delivery system for mRNA to prevent its degradation and efficiently deliver it into target cells. Various cationic and anionic complexes were produced containing PEI, γ-PGA, and an mRNA encoding firefly luciferase. Their physicochemical properties and cytotoxicities were analyzed and the in vitro and in vivo protein expression were determined. The cationic mRNA/PEI complex showed high in vitro protein expression with strong cytotoxicity. The anionic complex was constructed as mRNA/PEI8/γ-PGA12 complex with a theoretical charge ratio of 1:8:12 based on the phosphate groups of the mRNA, nitrogen groups of PEI, and carboxylate groups of γ-PGA. It was stable and showed high in vitro protein expression without cytotoxicity. After intravenous administration of mRNA/PEI8/γ-PGA12 complex to mice, high protein expression was observed in the spleen and liver and slight expression was observed in the lung over 24 h. Thus, the newly constructed mRNA/PEI8/γ-PGA12 complex provides a safe and effective strategy for the delivery of mRNA